* include more ancestors in candidate scoring
* fix medium-3 testcase
The original source file contained two copies of the document, which
was causing incorrect results
* remove unnecessary nested elements
* fix removal of empty elements
* add option to regenerate all testcases
* update tests
* fix quanta testcase
* fix creating testcase from network
* fix early exit in testcase generation
* format HTML before comparing while testing
* upgrade js-beautify
* don't merge outer readability div
<p><strong>So finally you're <ahref="http://fakehost/code/2013/testing-frontend-javascript-code-using-mocha-chai-and-sinon/">testing your frontend JavaScript code</a>? Great! The more you
write tests, the more confident you are with your code… but how much precisely?
That's where <ahref="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_coverage">code coverage</a> might
help.</strong></p>
<p><strong>So finally you're <ahref="http://fakehost/code/2013/testing-frontend-javascript-code-using-mocha-chai-and-sinon/">testing your frontend JavaScript code</a>? Great! The more you write tests, the more confident you are with your code… but how much precisely? That's where <ahref="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_coverage">code coverage</a> might help.</strong>
</p>
<p>The idea behind code coverage is to record which parts of your code (functions, statements, conditionals and so on) have been executed by your test suite, to compute metrics out of these data and usually to provide tools for navigating and inspecting them.</p>
<p>Not a lot of frontend developers I know actually test their frontend code, and I can barely imagine how many of them have ever setup code coverage… Mostly because there are not many frontend-oriented tools in this area I guess.</p>
<p>Actually I've only found one which provides an adapter for <ahref="http://visionmedia.github.io/mocha/">Mocha</a> and actually works…</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Drinking game for web devs:
<br/>(1) Think of a noun
<br/>(2) Google "<noun>.js"
<br/>(3) If a library with that name exists - drink</p>— Shay Friedman (@ironshay) <ahref="https://twitter.com/ironshay/statuses/370525864523743232">August 22, 2013</a></blockquote>
<p><strong><ahref="http://blanketjs.org/">Blanket.js</a></strong> is an <em>easy to install, easy to configure,
and easy to use JavaScript code coverage library that works both in-browser and
with nodejs.</em></p>
<p>Its use is dead easy, adding Blanket support to your Mocha test suite is just matter of adding this simple line to your HTML test file:</p><pre><code><script src="vendor/blanket.js"
<p>Drinking game for web devs: <br/>(1) Think of a noun <br/>(2) Google "<noun>.js" <br/>(3) If a library with that name exists - drink</p>— Shay Friedman (@ironshay) <ahref="https://twitter.com/ironshay/statuses/370525864523743232">August 22, 2013</a>
</blockquote>
<p><strong><ahref="http://blanketjs.org/">Blanket.js</a></strong> is an <em>easy to install, easy to configure, and easy to use JavaScript code coverage library that works both in-browser and with nodejs.</em>
</p>
<p>Its use is dead easy, adding Blanket support to your Mocha test suite is just matter of adding this simple line to your HTML test file:</p>
<p>As an example, let's reuse the silly <code>Cow</code> example we used <ahref="http://fakehost/code/2013/testing-frontend-javascript-code-using-mocha-chai-and-sinon/">in a previous episode</a>:</p><pre><code>// cow.js
<p>As an example, let's reuse the silly <code>Cow</code> example we used <ahref="http://fakehost/code/2013/testing-frontend-javascript-code-using-mocha-chai-and-sinon/">in a previous episode</a>:</p>
<pre><code>// cow.js
(function(exports) {
"use strict";
@ -37,7 +35,8 @@ with nodejs.</em> </p>
};
})(this);
</code></pre>
<p>And its test suite, powered by Mocha and <ahref="http://chaijs.com/">Chai</a>:</p><pre><code>var expect = chai.expect;
<p>And its test suite, powered by Mocha and <ahref="http://chaijs.com/">Chai</a>:</p>
<pre><code>var expect = chai.expect;
describe("Cow", function() {
describe("constructor", function() {
@ -60,7 +59,8 @@ describe("Cow", function() {
});
});
</code></pre>
<p>Let's create the HTML test file for it, featuring Blanket and its adapter for Mocha:</p><pre><code><!DOCTYPE html>
<p>Let's create the HTML test file for it, featuring Blanket and its adapter for Mocha:</p>
<pre><code><!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
@ -88,9 +88,12 @@ describe("Cow", function() {
<li>The HTML test file <em>must</em> be served over HTTP for the adapter to be loaded.</li>
</ul>
<p>Running the tests now gives us something like this:</p>
<p>As you can see, the report at the bottom highlights that we haven't actually tested the case where an error is raised in case a target name is missing. We've been informed of that, nothing more, nothing less. We simply know we're missing a test here. Isn't this cool? I think so!</p>
<p>Just remember that code coverage will only <ahref="http://codebetter.com/karlseguin/2008/12/09/code-coverage-use-it-wisely/">bring you numbers</a> and raw information, not actual proofs that the whole of your <em>code logic</em> has been actually covered. If you ask me, the best inputs you can get about your code logic and implementation ever are the ones issued out of <ahref="http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules/pair.html">pair programming</a> sessions and <ahref="http://alexgaynor.net/2013/sep/26/effective-code-review/">code reviews</a> — but that's another story.</p>
<p><strong>So is code coverage silver bullet? No. Is it useful? Definitely. Happy testing!</strong></p>
<p><strong>So is code coverage silver bullet? No. Is it useful? Definitely. Happy testing!</strong>
"excerpt":"For more than a decade the Web has used XMLHttpRequest (XHR) to achieve asynchronous requests in JavaScript. While very useful, XHR is not a very ...",
"readerable":true,
"siteName":"Mozilla Hacks – the Web developer blog"
"siteName":"Mozilla Hacks – the Web developer blog",
<p>Fetch API support can be detected by checking for <code>Headers</code>,<code>Request</code>, <code>Response</code> or <code>fetch</code> on the <code>window</code> or <code>worker</code> scope.</p>
<h2>Simple fetching</h2>
<p>The most useful, high-level part of the Fetch API is the <code>fetch()</code> function. In its simplest form it takes a URL and returns a promise that resolves to the response. The response is captured as a <code>Response</code> object.</p>
<p>The <code>fetch()</code> function’s arguments are the same as those passed to the <br/><code>Request()</code> constructor, so you may directly pass arbitrarily complex requests to <code>fetch()</code> as discussed below.</p>
<p>The <code>fetch()</code> function’s arguments are the same as those passed to the <br/>
<code>Request()</code> constructor, so you may directly pass arbitrarily complex requests to <code>fetch()</code> as discussed below.
</p>
<h2>Headers</h2>
<p>Fetch introduces 3 interfaces. These are <code>Headers</code>, <code>Request</code> and <br/><code>Response</code>. They map directly to the underlying HTTP concepts, but have <br/>certain visibility filters in place for privacy and security reasons, such as <br/>supporting CORS rules and ensuring cookies aren’t readable by third parties.</p>
<p>Fetch introduces 3 interfaces. These are <code>Headers</code>, <code>Request</code> and <br/>
<code>Response</code>. They map directly to the underlying HTTP concepts, but have <br/>certain visibility filters in place for privacy and security reasons, such as <br/>supporting CORS rules and ensuring cookies aren’t readable by third parties.
</p>
<p>The <ahref="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#headers-class">Headers interface</a> is a simple multi-map of names to values:</p>
<p>Some of these operations are only useful in ServiceWorkers, but they provide <br/>a much nicer API to Headers.</p>
<p>Since Headers can be sent in requests, or received in responses, and have various limitations about what information can and should be mutable, <code>Headers</code> objects have a <strong>guard</strong> property. This is not exposed to the Web, but it affects which mutation operations are allowed on the Headers object. <br/>Possible values are:</p>
<p>The details of how each guard affects the behaviors of the Headers object are <br/>in the <ahref="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/">specification</a>. For example, you may not append or set a “request” guarded Headers’ “Content-Length” header. Similarly, inserting “Set-Cookie” into a Response header is not allowed so that ServiceWorkers may not set cookies via synthesized Responses.</p>
<p>All of the Headers methods throw TypeError if <code>name</code> is not a <ahref="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-header-name">valid HTTP Header name</a>. The mutation operations will throw TypeError if there is an immutable guard. Otherwise they fail silently. For example:</p>
<div>
<div>
<pre><span>var</span> res <span>=</span> Response.<span>error</span><span>(</span><span>)</span><span>;</span>
console.<span>log</span><span>(</span><span>"Cannot pretend to be a bank!"</span><span>)</span><span>;</span>
<span>}</span></pre></div>
<span>}</span></pre>
</div>
<h2>Request</h2>
<p>The Request interface defines a request to fetch a resource over HTTP. URL, method and headers are expected, but the Request also allows specifying a body, a request mode, credentials and cache hints.</p>
<p>The simplest Request is of course, just a URL, as you may do to GET a resource.</p>
<p>You may also pass a Request to the <code>Request()</code> constructor to create a copy. <br/>(This is not the same as calling the <code>clone()</code> method, which is covered in <br/>the “Reading bodies” section.).</p>
<p>Again, this form is probably only useful in ServiceWorkers.</p>
<p>The non-URL attributes of the <code>Request</code> can only be set by passing initial <br/>values as a second argument to the constructor. This argument is a dictionary.</p>
<p>The Request’s mode is used to determine if cross-origin requests lead to valid responses, and which properties on the response are readable. Legal mode values are <code>"same-origin"</code>, <code>"no-cors"</code> (default) and <code>"cors"</code>.</p>
<p>The <code>"same-origin"</code> mode is simple, if a request is made to another origin with this mode set, the result is simply an error. You could use this to ensure that <br/>a request is always being made to your origin.</p>
<p>The <code>"no-cors"</code> mode captures what the web platform does by default for scripts you import from CDNs, images hosted on other domains, and so on. First, it prevents the method from being anything other than “HEAD”, “GET” or “POST”. Second, if any ServiceWorkers intercept these requests, they may not add or override any headers except for <ahref="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#simple-header">these</a>. Third, JavaScript may not access any properties of the resulting Response. This ensures that ServiceWorkers do not affect the semantics of the Web and prevents security and privacy issues that could arise from leaking data across domains.</p>
<p><code>"cors"</code> mode is what you’ll usually use to make known cross-origin requests to access various APIs offered by other vendors. These are expected to adhere to <br/>the <ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Access_control_CORS">CORS protocol</a>. Only a <ahref="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-filtered-response-cors">limited set</a> of headers is exposed in the Response, but the body is readable. For example, you could get a list of Flickr’s <ahref="https://www.flickr.com/services/api/flickr.interestingness.getList.html">most interesting</a> photos today like this:</p>
<div>
<div>
<pre><span>var</span> u <span>=</span><span>new</span> URLSearchParams<span>(</span><span>)</span><span>;</span>
<p>The <code>credentials</code> enumeration determines if cookies for the other domain are <br/>sent to cross-origin requests. This is similar to XHR’s <code>withCredentials</code><br/>flag, but tri-valued as <code>"omit"</code> (default), <code>"same-origin"</code> and <code>"include"</code>.</p>
<p>The <code>credentials</code> enumeration determines if cookies for the other domain are <br/>sent to cross-origin requests. This is similar to XHR’s <code>withCredentials</code>
<br/>flag, but tri-valued as <code>"omit"</code> (default), <code>"same-origin"</code> and <code>"include"</code>.
</p>
<p>The Request object will also give the ability to offer caching hints to the user-agent. This is currently undergoing some <ahref="https://github.com/slightlyoff/ServiceWorker/issues/585">security review</a>. Firefox exposes the attribute, but it has no effect.</p>
<p>Requests have two read-only attributes that are relevant to ServiceWorkers <br/>intercepting them. There is the string <code>referrer</code>, which is set by the UA to be <br/>the referrer of the Request. This may be an empty string. The other is <br/><code>context</code> which is a rather <ahref="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#requestcredentials">large enumeration</a> defining what sort of resource is being fetched. This could be “image” if the request is from an <img>tag in the controlled document, “worker” if it is an attempt to load a worker script, and so on. When used with the <code>fetch()</code> function, it is “fetch”.</p>
<p>Requests have two read-only attributes that are relevant to ServiceWorkers <br/>intercepting them. There is the string <code>referrer</code>, which is set by the UA to be <br/>the referrer of the Request. This may be an empty string. The other is <br/>
<code>context</code> which is a rather <ahref="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#requestcredentials">large enumeration</a> defining what sort of resource is being fetched. This could be “image” if the request is from an <img>tag in the controlled document, “worker” if it is an attempt to load a worker script, and so on. When used with the <code>fetch()</code> function, it is “fetch”.
</p>
<h2>Response</h2>
<p><code>Response</code> instances are returned by calls to <code>fetch()</code>. They can also be created by JS, but this is only useful in ServiceWorkers.</p>
<p>We have already seen some attributes of Response when we looked at <code>fetch()</code>. The most obvious candidates are <code>status</code>, an integer (default value 200) and <code>statusText</code> (default value “OK”), which correspond to the HTTP status code and reason. The <code>ok</code> attribute is just a shorthand for checking that <code>status</code> is in the range 200-299 inclusive.</p>
<li><code>"basic"</code>: normal, same origin response, with all headers exposed except <br/>“Set-Cookie” and “Set-Cookie2″.</li>
<li><code>"cors"</code>: response was received from a valid cross-origin request. <ahref="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-filtered-response-cors">Certain headers and the body</a>may be accessed.</li>
<li><code>"error"</code>: network error. No useful information describing the error is available. The Response’s status is 0, headers are empty and immutable. This is the type for a Response obtained from <code>Response.error()</code>.</li>
<li><code>"opaque"</code>: response for “no-cors” request to cross-origin resource. <ahref="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-filtered-response-opaque">Severely<br/>
restricted</a></li>
<li><code>"opaque"</code>: response for “no-cors” request to cross-origin resource. <ahref="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-filtered-response-opaque">Severely<br/> restricted</a>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The “error” type results in the <code>fetch()</code> Promise rejecting with TypeError.</p>
<p>There are certain attributes that are useful only in a ServiceWorker scope. The <br/>idiomatic way to return a Response to an intercepted request in ServiceWorkers is:</p>
<p>As you can see, Response has a two argument constructor, where both arguments are optional. The first argument is a body initializer, and the second is a dictionary to set the <code>status</code>, <code>statusText</code> and <code>headers</code>.</p>
<p>The static method <code>Response.error()</code> simply returns an error response. Similarly, <code>Response.redirect(url, status)</code> returns a Response resulting in <br/>a redirect to <code>url</code>.</p>
<p>Both Requests and Responses may contain body data. We’ve been glossing over it because of the various data types body may contain, but we will cover it in detail now.</p>
<p>A body is an instance of any of the following types.</p>
<li><ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/FormData">FormData</a>– currently not supported by either Gecko or Blink. Firefox expects to ship this in version 39 along with the rest of Fetch.</li>
</ul>
<p>In addition, Request and Response both offer the following methods to extract their body. These all return a Promise that is eventually resolved with the actual content.</p>
<ul>
<li><code>arrayBuffer()</code></li>
<li><code>blob()</code></li>
<li><code>json()</code></li>
<li><code>text()</code></li>
<li><code>formData()</code></li>
<li><code>arrayBuffer()</code>
</li>
<li><code>blob()</code>
</li>
<li><code>json()</code>
</li>
<li><code>text()</code>
</li>
<li><code>formData()</code>
</li>
</ul>
<p>This is a significant improvement over XHR in terms of ease of use of non-text data!</p>
<p>Request bodies can be set by passing <code>body</code> parameters:</p>
<div>
<div>
<pre><span>var</span> form <span>=</span><span>new</span> FormData<span>(</span>document.<span>getElementById</span><span>(</span><span>'login-form'</span><span>)</span><span>)</span><span>;</span>
<p>Responses take the first argument as the body.</p>
<div>
<div>
<pre><span>var</span> res <span>=</span><span>new</span> Response<span>(</span><span>new</span> File<span>(</span><span>[</span><span>"chunk"</span><span>,</span><span>"chunk"</span><span>]</span><span>,</span><span>"archive.zip"</span><span>,</span>
<p>Both Request and Response (and by extension the <code>fetch()</code> function), will try to intelligently <ahref="https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-bodyinit-extract">determine the content type</a>. Request will also automatically set a “Content-Type” header if none is set in the dictionary.</p>
<h3>Streams and cloning</h3>
<p>It is important to realise that Request and Response bodies can only be read once! Both interfaces have a boolean attribute <code>bodyUsed</code> to determine if it is safe to read or not.</p>
<div>
<div>
<pre><span>var</span> res <span>=</span><span>new</span> Response<span>(</span><span>"one time use"</span><span>)</span><span>;</span>
<p>This decision allows easing the transition to an eventual <ahref="https://streams.spec.whatwg.org/">stream-based</a> Fetch API. The intention is to let applications consume data as it arrives, allowing for JavaScript to deal with larger files like videos, and perform things like compression and editing on the fly.</p>
<p>Often, you’ll want access to the body multiple times. For example, you can use the upcoming <ahref="http://slightlyoff.github.io/ServiceWorker/spec/service_worker/index.html#cache-objects">Cache API</a> to store Requests and Responses for offline use, and Cache requires bodies to be available for reading.</p>
<p>So how do you read out the body multiple times within such constraints? The API provides a <code>clone()</code> method on the two interfaces. This will return a clone of the object, with a ‘new’ body. <code>clone()</code> MUST be called before the body of the corresponding object has been used. That is, <code>clone()</code> first, read later.</p>
<p>Along with the transition to streams, Fetch will eventually have the ability to abort running <code>fetch()</code>es and some way to report the progress of a fetch. These are provided by XHR, but are a little tricky to fit in the Promise-based nature of the Fetch API.</p>
<p>You can contribute to the evolution of this API by participating in discussions on the <ahref="https://whatwg.org/mailing-list">WHATWG mailing list</a> and in the issues in the <ahref="https://www.w3.org/Bugs/Public/buglist.cgi?product=WHATWG&component=Fetch&resolution=---">Fetch</a> and <ahref="https://github.com/slightlyoff/ServiceWorker/issues">ServiceWorker</a>specifications.</p>
<p>For a better web!</p>
<p><em>The author would like to thank Andrea Marchesini, Anne van Kesteren and Ben<br/>
Kelly for helping with the specification and implementation.</em></p>
<p><em>The author would like to thank Andrea Marchesini, Anne van Kesteren and Ben<br/> Kelly for helping with the specification and implementation.</em>
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tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam,
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consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non
proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
</p>
<p>
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tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam,
quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo
consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non
proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
</p>
<p> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. </p>
<p> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. </p>
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cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non
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</p>
<p>
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consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non
proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
</p>
<p> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. </p>
<p> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. </p>
<p> But Facebook and other massive web companies represent a strong push toward unaccountable centralized social control, which I think makes our society more unequal and more unjust. The Cambridge Analytica scandal is one instance of this long-running problem with what I call the "surveillance economy." I don't want to submit to these power structures, and I don’t want my presence on such platforms to serve as bait that lures other people into the digital panopticon. </p>
<p> But while I've never "opted in" to Facebook or any of the other big social networks, Facebook still has a detailed profile that can be used to target me. I've never consented to having Facebook collect my data, which can be used to draw very detailed inferences about my life, my habits, and my relationships. As we aim to take Facebook to task for its breach of user trust, we need to think about what its capabilities imply for society overall. After all, if you do #deleteFacebook, you'll find yourself in my shoes: non-consenting, but still subject to Facebook’s globe-spanning surveillance and targeting network. </p>
<p> There are at least two major categories of information available to Facebook about non-participants like me: information from other Facebook users, and information from sites on the open web. </p>
<h3><strong>Information from other Facebook users</strong></h3>
<h3>
<strong>Information from other Facebook users</strong>
</h3>
<p> When you sign up for Facebook, it encourages you to upload your list of contacts so that the site can "find your friends." Facebook uses this contact information to learn about people, even if those people don't agree to participate. It also links people together based on who they know, even if the shared contact hasn't agreed to this use. </p>
<p> For example, I received an email from Facebook that lists the people who have all invited me to join Facebook: my aunt, an old co-worker, a friend from elementary school, etc. This email includes names and email addresses — including my own name — and at least one <ahref="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_bug">web bug</a> designed to identify me to Facebook’s web servers when I open the email. Facebook records this group of people as my contacts, even though I've never agreed to this kind of data collection. </p>
<p> Similarly, I'm sure that I'm in some photographs that someone has uploaded to Facebook — and I'm probably tagged in some of them. I've never agreed to this, but Facebook could still be keeping track. </p>
<p> So even if you decide you need to join Facebook, remember that you might be giving the company information about someone else who didn't agree to be part of its surveillance platform. </p>
<h3><strong>Information from sites on the open Web</strong></h3>
<h3>
<strong>Information from sites on the open Web</strong>
</h3>
<p> Nearly every website that you visit that has a "Like" button is actually encouraging your browser to tell Facebook about your browsing habits. Even if you don't click on the "Like" button, displaying it requires your browser to send a request to Facebook's servers for the "Like" button itself. That request includes <ahref="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_referer">information</a> mentioning the name of the page you are visiting and any Facebook-specific <ahref="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookie">cookies</a> your browser might have collected. (See <ahref="https://www.facebook.com/help/186325668085084">Facebook's own description of this process</a>.) This is called a "third-party request." </p>
<p> This makes it possible for Facebook to create a detailed picture of your browsing history — even if you've never even visited Facebook directly, let alone signed up for a Facebook account. </p>
<p> Think about most of the web pages you've visited — how many of them <em>don't</em> have a "Like" button? If you administer a website and you include a "Like" button on every page, you're helping Facebook to build profiles of your visitors, even those who have opted out of the social network. Facebook’s <ahref="https://developers.facebook.com/docs/plugins/">“Share” buttons</a> on other sites — along with <ahref="https://www.facebook.com/business/learn/facebook-ads-pixel">other tools</a> — work a bit differently from the “Like” button, but do effectively the same thing. </p>
@ -20,26 +24,37 @@
<p> We use the information we have to improve our advertising and measurement systems so we can show you relevant ads on and off our Services and measure the effectiveness and reach of ads and services. </p>
</blockquote>
<p> This is, in essence, exactly what Cambridge Analytica did. </p>
<h3><strong>Consent</strong></h3>
<h3>
<strong>Consent</strong>
</h3>
<p> Facebook and other tech companies often deflect accusations against excessive data collection by arguing "consent" — that they harvest and use data with the consent of the users involved. </p>
<p> But even if we accept that clicking through a "Terms of Service" that <ahref="https://tosdr.org/">no one reads</a> can actually constitute true consent, even if we ignore the fact that these terms are overwhelmingly one-sided and non-negotiable, and even if we accept that it's meaningful for people to give consent when sharing data about other people who may have also opted in — what is the recourse for someone who has not opted into these systems at all? </p>
<p> Are those of us who have explicitly avoided agreeing to the Facebook terms of service simply fair game for an industry-wide surveillance and targeting network? </p>
<h3><strong>Privilege</strong></h3>
<h3>
<strong>Privilege</strong>
</h3>
<p> I don’t mean to critique people who have created a Facebook profile or suggest they deserve whatever they get. </p>
<p> My ability to avoid Facebook comes from privilege — I have existing social contacts with whom I know how to stay in touch without using Facebook's network. My job does not require that I use Facebook. I can afford the time and expense to communicate with my electoral representatives and political allies via other channels. </p>
<p> Many people do not have these privileges and are compelled to "opt in" on Facebook's non-negotiable terms. </p>
<p> Many journalists, organizers, schools, politicians, and others who have good reasons to oppose Facebook's centralized social control feel compelled by Facebook's reach and scale to participate in their practices, even those we know to be harmful. That includes the ACLU. </p>
<p> Privacy should not be a luxury good, and while I'm happy to encourage people to opt out of these subtle and socially fraught arrangements, I do not argue that anyone who has signed up has somehow relinquished concerns about their privacy. We need to evaluate privacy concerns in their full social contexts. These are not problems that can be resolved on an individual level, because of the interpersonal nature of much of this data and the complexities of the tradeoffs involved. </p>
<p> While they may not solve the problem, there are some technical steps people can take to limit the scope of these surveillance practices. For example, some web browsers do not send "third-party cookies" by default, or <ahref="https://wiki.mozilla.org/Thirdparty">they scope cookies</a> so that centralized surveillance doesn't get a single view of one user. The most privacy-preserving modern browser is <ahref="https://www.torproject.org/">the Tor Browser</a>, which everyone should have installed and available, even if it's not the browser they choose to use every day. It limits the surveillance ability of systems that you have not signed up for to track you as you move around the web. </p>
<p> You can also modify some browsers — for example, with plug-ins for <ahref="https://requestpolicycontinued.github.io/">Firefox</a> and <ahref="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/umatrix/ogfcmafjalglgifnmanfmnieipoejdcf">Chrome</a> — so that they <ahref="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/umatrix/">do not send third-party</a><ahref="https://requestpolicycontinued.github.io/">requests at all</a>. Firefox is also exploring even more <ahref="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/multi-account-containers/">privacy-preserving techniques</a><ahref="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/multi-account-containers/">.</a></p>
<p> You can also modify some browsers — for example, with plug-ins for <ahref="https://requestpolicycontinued.github.io/">Firefox</a> and <ahref="https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/umatrix/ogfcmafjalglgifnmanfmnieipoejdcf">Chrome</a> — so that they <ahref="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/umatrix/">do not send third-party</a><ahref="https://requestpolicycontinued.github.io/">requests at all</a>. Firefox is also exploring even more <ahref="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/multi-account-containers/">privacy-preserving techniques</a><ahref="https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/multi-account-containers/">.</a>
</p>
<p> It can’t be denied, though, that these tools are harder to use than the web browsers most people are accustomed to, and they create barriers to some online activities. (For example, logging in to <ahref="https://offcampushousing.uconn.edu/login">some sites</a> and accessing some <ahref="https://filestore.community.support.microsoft.com/api/images/0253d8fb-b050-401a-834d-9d80a99c0b12">web applications</a> is impossible without third-party cookies.) </p>
<p> Some website operators take their visitors' privacy more seriously than others, by reducing the amount of third-party requests. For example, it's possible to display "share on Facebook" or "Like" buttons without sending user requests to Facebook in the first place. The ACLU's own website does this because we believe that the right to read with privacy is a fundamental protection for civic discourse. </p>
<p> If you are responsible for running a website, try browsing it with a third-party-blocking extension turned on. Think about how much information you're requiring your users to send to third parties as a condition for using your site. If you care about being a good steward of your visitors' data, you can re-design your website to reduce this kind of leakage. </p>
<h3><strong>Opting out?</strong></h3>
<h3>
<strong>Opting out?</strong>
</h3>
<p> Some advertisers claim that you can "opt out" of their targeted advertising, and even offer <ahref="http://optout.aboutads.info/">a centralized place meant to help you do so</a>. However, my experience with these tools isn't a positive one. They don't appear to work all of the time. (In a recent experiment I conducted, two advertisers’ opt-out mechanisms failed to take effect.) And while advertisers claim to allow the user to opt out of "interest-based ads," it's not clear that the opt-outs govern data collection itself, rather than just the use of the collected data for displaying ads. Moreover, opting out on their terms requires the use of third-party cookies, thereby enabling another mechanism that other advertisers can then exploit. </p>
<p> It's also not clear how they function over time: How frequently do I need to take these steps? Do they expire? How often should I check back to make sure I’m still opted out? I'd much prefer an approach requiring me to opt <em>in</em> to surveillance and targeting. </p>
<h3><strong>Fix the surveillance economy, not just Facebook</strong></h3>
<h3>
<strong>Fix the surveillance economy, not just Facebook</strong>
</h3>
<p> These are just a few of the mechanisms that enable online tracking. Facebook is just one culprit in this online "surveillance economy," albeit a massive one — the company owns <ahref="https://www.instagram.com/">Instagram</a>, <ahref="https://atlassolutions.com/">Atlas</a>, <ahref="https://www.whatsapp.com/">WhatsApp</a>, and dozens of other internet and technology companies and services. But it’s not the only player in this space. Google’s business model also relies on this kind of surveillance, and there are dozens of smaller players as well. </p>
<p> As we work to address the fallout from the current storm around Facebook and Cambridge Analytica, we can't afford to lose sight of these larger mechanisms at play. Cambridge Analytica's failures and mistakes are inherent to Facebook's business model. We need to seriously challenge the social structures that encourage people to opt in to this kind of surveillance. At the same time, we also need to protect those of us who manage to opt out. </p>
<p> Izuku was struggling to understand how he had even managed to get here, seated before the archvillain of Japan with only a sense of dread to keep him company. All Might sat concealed in an observation room, of the firm opinion that he could only aggravate the prisoner and he sent Izuku off with a strained smile. A vague haze hovered over Izuku’s memory. It started with a simple conversation gone astray on a long drive home. </p>
<p> “So, who is All For One? Do we know anything about him beyond what you told me before? He’s been imprisoned for months now.” Izuku remembered asking All Might from the backseat of the car as Detective Tsukauchi leisurely drove along a sprawling highway. </p>
@ -33,7 +31,8 @@
<p> “I’m not entirely for it, but any prospective information on what influenced Shigaraki can only be a good thing. If anything goes south we can pull you out pretty easily. Just be aware of who and what you’re dealing with.” Struggling, All Might turned a serious look to Izuku around the side of the seat. “<i>Only</i> if your mother gives the okay.” </p>
<p> The conversation turned to school for the rest of the way. </p>
<p> It might have been curiosity or it might have been the nagging sensation that chewed at his brain for the three weeks that he researched the subject of the conversation. All For One was a cryptid. Mystical in more ways than one, he was only a rumour on a network that was two-hundred years old. There were whispers of a shadowy figure who once ruled Japan, intermingled with a string of conspiracies and fragmented events. </p>
<p> Izuku had even braved the dark web, poking and prodding at some of the seedier elements of the world wide web. The internet had rumours, but the dark web had stories.<br/></p>
<p> Izuku had even braved the dark web, poking and prodding at some of the seedier elements of the world wide web. The internet had rumours, but the dark web had stories.<br/>
</p>
<p> An implied yakuza wrote about his grandfather who lost a fire manipulation Quirk and his sanity without any reason. His grandfather had been institutionalised, crying and repeating “he took it, he took it” until his dying days. No one could console him. </p>
<p> Another user spoke of a nursing home where a room full of dementia residents inexplicably became docile and no longer used their Quirks on the increasingly disturbed staff. The nursing home erupted into flames just before a court case against them commenced. </p>
<p> A user with neon pink text spoke of how their great-great-great-great grandmother with a longevity Quirk had simply aged rapidly one day and passed away in her sleep, her face a mask of terror. No cause had ever been found. </p>
@ -69,7 +68,8 @@
<p> Of the responses Izuku had expected, it wasn’t laughter. Unrestrained, Izuku would have expected a violent outburst. In this situation, he would have expected another scathing comment. Instead, All For One laughed breathily, leaning into his bonds. Wheezingly he spoke, “I’ll have to change tactics, if that one’s too transparent for you. How refreshing.” </p>
<p> Doing his best not to glow a blinding red and simultaneously pale at the interest, Izuku carried on. “I add it to the list when you do. I’m not emotionally involved enough to really be impacted by what you’re saying. I know about you in theory, but that’s it. Maybe All Might has a history with you, but I don’t really know enough about you personally to…” </p>
<p> “Care,” All For One supplied, somewhat subdued as he struggled to breathe. “You’re only here to satisfy your curiosity as to whether or not the stories were true.” </p>
<p> Izuku nodded, scratching at his notebook with his left hand. “Yes and no, I’m actually here to ask you about how your Quirk works.” <i>For now.</i></p>
<p> Izuku nodded, scratching at his notebook with his left hand. “Yes and no, I’m actually here to ask you about how your Quirk works.” <i>For now.</i>
</p>
<p> Another chortle, more restrained that the last. </p>
<p> "What makes you think others haven’t already asked?” Had All For One been unrestrained, Izuku could imagine the stereotypical scene of the villain confidently leaning back in some overblown chair in a secret lair, drink of choice in hand, if the tone of voice was any indication. Deflections aside, the man easily rose to each comment. </p>
<p> “Whether or not they asked it’s irrelevant if they can’t read the answers.” Answers didn’t matter if the people involved were too attached to read into the answers. If none of the interviewers had managed a full interview, then it seemed unlikely that any sort of effort was put into understanding the villain. </p>
@ -104,9 +104,9 @@
<p> “Let’s get out of here and tell Detective Tsukauchi how it went.” Izuku gulped down his tea and headed for the exit, with him and All Might reaching it at roughly the same amount of time. </p>
<p> “At least your mum’s making katsudon for us tonight," was All Might's only optimistic comment. </p>
<p> Anxiety was still ebbing over Izuku after Tsukauchi had been debriefed in the car. </p>
<p><i>“It seems we share a hobby.”</i> Haunted Izuku on the drive home. As if ripping someone’s Quirk from them and leaving them lying traumatised on the ground was just a fun pastime and not an act of grievous bodily harm. </p>
<p>
<i>“It seems we share a hobby.”</i> Haunted Izuku on the drive home. As if ripping someone’s Quirk from them and leaving them lying traumatised on the ground was just a fun pastime and not an act of grievous bodily harm.
</p>
<p> And he’d be dealing with him again in another week. </p>
<imgsrc="https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/server-crash-640x426.jpg"alt="Just-released Minecraft exploit makes it easy to crash game servers"/>
<figcaptionclass="caption">
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p> A flaw in the wildly popular online game <em>Minecraft</em> makes it easy for just about anyone to crash the server hosting the game, according to a computer programmer who has released proof-of-concept code that exploits the vulnerability. </p>
<p> "I thought a lot before writing this post," Pakistan-based developer Ammar Askar wrote in a <ahref="http://blog.ammaraskar.com/minecraft-vulnerability-advisory">blog post published Thursday</a>, 21 months, he said, after privately reporting the bug to <em>Minecraft</em> developer Mojang. "On the one hand I don't want to expose thousands of servers to a major vulnerability, yet on the other hand Mojang has failed to act on it." </p>
@ -35,7 +42,8 @@
<span>...</span>
<span>]</span>
<span>...</span>
<span>}</span></code></pre></div>
<span>}</span></code></pre>
</div>
<p> The root of the object, <code>rekt</code>, contains 300 lists. Each list has a list with 10 sublists, and each of those sublists has 10 of their own, up until 5 levels of recursion. That’s a total of <code>10^5 * 300 = 30,000,000</code> lists. </p>
<p> And this isn’t even the theoretical maximum for this attack. Just the nbt data for this payload is 26.6 megabytes. But luckily Minecraft implements a way to compress large packets, lucky us! zlib shrinks down our evil data to a mere 39 kilobytes. </p>
<p> Note: in previous versions of Minecraft, there was no protocol wide compression for big packets. Previously, NBT was sent compressed with gzip and prefixed with a signed short of its length, which reduced our maximum payload size to <code>2^15 - 1</code>. Now that the length is a varint capable of storing integers up to <code>2^28</code>, our potential for attack has increased significantly. </p>
@ -47,3 +55,4 @@
<p> Ars is asking Mojang for comment and will update this post if company officials respond. </p>
"excerpt":"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod\n tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam,\n quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo\n consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse\n cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non\n proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.",
"excerpt":"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod\n tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam,\n quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo\n consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse\n cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non\n proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.",
"excerpt":"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod\n tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam,\n quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo\n consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse\n cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non\n proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.",
<p>Hours after the interview, a gunman opened fire at a cinema in the US state of Louisiana, killing two people and injuring several others before shooting himself.</p>
<p>In a wide-ranging interview, President Obama also said:</p>
<ul>
<li><ahref="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-33647154">The UK must stay in the EU</a> to have influence on the world stage</li>
<li>
<ahref="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-33647154">The UK must stay in the EU</a> to have influence on the world stage
</li>
<li>He is confident the Iran nuclear deal will be passed by Congress </li>
<li>Syria needs a political solution in order to defeat the Islamic State group</li>
<li>He would speak "bluntly" against corruption <ahref="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-33646563">and human rights violations in Kenya</a></li>
<li>He would speak "bluntly" against corruption <ahref="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-33646563">and human rights violations in Kenya</a>
</li>
<li>He would defend his advocacy of gay rights following protests in Kenya</li>
<li>Despite racial tensions, the US is becoming more diverse and more tolerant</li>
</ul>
@ -19,9 +22,9 @@
<p>But with just 18 months left in power, he said gun control was the area where he has been "most frustrated and most stymied" since coming to power in 2009.</p>
<p>"If you look at the number of Americans killed since 9/11 by terrorism, it's less than 100. If you look at the number that have been killed by gun violence, it's in the tens of thousands," Mr Obama said. </p>
<figure><imgsrc="http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/555/cpsprodpb/462D/production/_84456971_gettyimages-167501087.jpg"datasrc="http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/976/cpsprodpb/462D/production/_84456971_gettyimages-167501087.jpg"alt="Gun control campaigners protest in McPhearson Square in Washington DC - 25 April 2013"height="549"width="976"/>
<figcaption><span>
The president said he would continue fighting for greater gun control laws
</span></figcaption>
<figcaption>
<span> The president said he would continue fighting for greater gun control laws</span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>"For us not to be able to resolve that issue has been something that is distressing," he added. </p>
<p>Mr Obama has pushed for stricter gun control throughout his presidency but has been unable to secure any significant changes to the laws. </p>
@ -42,10 +45,10 @@
<p>"There are going to be tensions that arise. But if you look at my daughters' generation, they have an attitude about race that's entirely different than even my generation."</p>
<p>Talking about how he was feeling after his recent successes, he said "every president, every leader has strengths and weaknesses". </p>
<p>"One of my strengths is I have a pretty even temperament. I don't get too high when it's high and I don't get too low when it's low," he said. </p>
<figure><imgsrc="http://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/555/cpsprodpb/142FD/production/_84458628_shirtreuters.jpg"datasrc="http://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/976/cpsprodpb/142FD/production/_84458628_shirtreuters.jpg"alt="Customer looks at Obama shirts at a stall in Nairobi's Kibera slums, 23 July 2015" height="549"width="976"/>
<figcaption><span>
Kenya is getting ready to welcome the US president
</span></figcaption>
<figure><imgsrc="http://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/555/cpsprodpb/142FD/production/_84458628_shirtreuters.jpg"datasrc="http://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/976/cpsprodpb/142FD/production/_84458628_shirtreuters.jpg"alt="Customer looks at Obama shirts at a stall in Nairobi's Kibera slums, 23 July 2015" height="549"width="976"/>
<figcaption>
<span> Kenya is getting ready to welcome the US president</span>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h2>Kenya trip</h2>
<p>Mr Obama was speaking to the BBC at the White House before departing for Kenya.</p>
"excerpt":"I've written a couple of posts in the past few months but they were all for the blog at work so I figured I'm long overdue for one on Silic...",
<p><imgitemprop="image"src="http://media.breitbart.com/media/2016/11/GettyImages-621866810-640x480.jpg"alt="Supporters of Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump cheer during election night at the New York Hilton Midtown in New York on November 9, 2016. / AFP / JIM WATSON (Photo credit should read JIM WATSON/AFP/Getty Images)"width="640"height="480"/></p>
<p>Zeev Sharon said that the old rule of thumb is that for every $1000 invested in a room, the hotel should charge $1 in average daily rate. So a room that cost $300,000 to build, should sell on average for $300/night.</p>
<h3>5. Beware the wall-mounted hairdryer</h3>
<p>It contains the most germs of anything in the room. Other studies have said the TV remote and bedside lamp switches are the most unhygienic. “Perhaps because it's something that's easy for the housekeepers to forget to check or to squirt down with disinfectant,” Forrest Jones said.</p>
<div>
<div>
<divdata-scald-gallery="3739501">
<h2><span></span>Business news in pictures</h2>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h3>6. Mini bars almost always lose money</h3>
<p>Despite the snacks in the minibar seeming like the most overpriced food you have ever seen, hotel owners are still struggling to make a profit from those snacks. "Minibars almost always lose money, even when they charge $10 for a Diet Coke,” Sharon said.</p>
<p>West Mercia police <ahref="https://www.westmercia.police.uk/article/9500/Warning-Issued-As-Shrewsbury-Woman-Dies-After-Taking-Suspected-Diet-Pills">said the tablets were believed to contain dinitrophenol</a>, known as DNP, which is a highly toxic industrial chemical. </p>
<p>“We are undoubtedly concerned over the origin and sale of these pills and are working with partner agencies to establish where they were bought from and how they were advertised,” said chief inspector Jennifer Mattinson from the West Mercia police.</p>
<ahref="https://www.citylab.com/authors/sarah-archer/"data-omni-click="inherit">Sarah Archer</a> is the author of <em>The Midcentury Kitchen</em>. </p>
<ahref="https://www.citylab.com/authors/sarah-archer/"data-omni-click="inherit">Sarah Archer</a> is the author of <em>The Midcentury Kitchen</em>.
"excerpt":"Ere introducing the scrivener, as he first appeared to me, it is fit \n I make some mention of myself, my employees, my business, my chambers, \n and general surroundings; because some such description is indispensable \n to an adequate understanding of the chief character about to be presented.",
<h3>Prepared by <ahref="http://www.vcu.edu/engweb">Ann
Woodlief,</a> Virginia Commonwealth University</h3>
<h5>Click on text in red for hypertext notes and questions</h5> I am a rather elderly man. The nature of my avocations for the last thirty years has brought me into more than ordinary contact with what would seem an interesting and somewhat singular set of men of whom as yet nothing that I know of has ever been written:-- I mean the law-copyists or scriveners. I have known very many of them, professionally and privately, and if I pleased, could relate divers histories, at which good-natured gentlemen might smile, and sentimental souls might weep. But I waive the biographies of all other scriveners for a few passages in the life of Bartleby, who was a scrivener the strangest I ever saw or heard of. While of other law-copyists I might write the complete life, of Bartleby nothing of that sort can be done. I believe that no materials exist for a full and satisfactory biography of this man. It is an irreparable loss to literature. Bartleby was one of those beings of whom nothing is ascertainable, except from the original sources, and in his case those are very small. What my own astonished eyes saw of Bartleby, that is all I know of him, except, indeed, one vague report which will appear in the sequel.
<p>Ere introducing the scrivener, as he first appeared to me, it is fit I make some mention of myself, my employees, my business, my chambers, and general surroundings; because some such description is indispensable to an adequate understanding of the chief character about to be presented. </p>
" height="38 " width="38 " /></a>
</h2>
<h3>Prepared by <ahref="http://www.vcu.edu/engweb">Ann Woodlief,</a> Virginia Commonwealth University</h3>
<h5>Click on text in red for hypertext notes and questions</h5> I am a rather elderly man. The nature of my avocations for the last thirty years has brought me into more than ordinary contact with what would seem an interesting and somewhat singular set of men of whom as yet nothing that I know of has ever been written:-- I mean the law-copyists or scriveners. I have known very many of them, professionally and privately, and if I pleased, could relate divers histories, at which good-natured gentlemen might smile, and sentimental souls might weep. But I waive the biographies of all other scriveners for a few passages in the life of Bartleby, who was a scrivener the strangest I ever saw or heard of. While of other law-copyists I might write the complete life, of Bartleby nothing of that sort can be done. I believe that no materials exist for a full and satisfactory biography of this man. It is an irreparable loss to literature. Bartleby was one of those beings of whom nothing is ascertainable, except from the original sources, and in his case those are very small. What my own astonished eyes saw of Bartleby, that is all I know of him, except, indeed, one vague report which will appear in the sequel. <p>Ere introducing the scrivener, as he first appeared to me, it is fit I make some mention of myself, my employees, my business, my chambers, and general surroundings; because some such description is indispensable to an adequate understanding of the chief character about to be presented. </p>
<p><i>Imprimis</i>: I am a man who, from his youth upwards, has been filled with a profound conviction that the easiest way of life is the best.. Hence, though I belong to a profession proverbially energetic and nervous, even to turbulence, at times, yet nothing of that sort have I ever suffered to invade my peace. I am one of those unambitious lawyers who never addresses a jury, or in any way draws down public applause; but in the cool tranquillity of a snug retreat, do a snug business among rich men's bonds and mortgages and title-deeds. The late John Jacob Astor, a personage little given to poetic enthusiasm, had no hesitation in pronouncing my first grand point to be prudence; my next, method. I do not speak it in vanity, but simply record the fact, that I was not unemployed in my profession by the last John Jacob Astor; a name which, I admit, I love to repeat, for it hath a rounded and orbicular sound to it, and rings like unto bullion. I will freely add, that I was not insensible to the late John Jacob Astor's good opinion.</p>
<p>Some time prior to the period at which this little history begins, my avocations had been largely increased. The good old office, now extinct in the State of New York, of a Master in Chancery, had been conferred upon me. It was not a very arduous office, but very pleasantly remunerative. I seldom lose my temper; much more seldom indulge in dangerous indignation at wrongs and outrages; but I must be permitted to be rash here and declare, that I consider the sudden and violent abrogation of the office of Master of Chancery, by the new Constitution, as a----premature act; inasmuch as I had counted upon a life-lease of the profits, whereas I only received those of a few short years. But this is by the way.</p>
<p>My chambers were up stairs at No.--Wall-street. At one end they looked upon the white wall of the interior of a spacious sky-light shaft, penetrating the building from top to bottom. This view might have been considered rather tame than otherwise, deficient in what landscape painters call "life." But if so, the view from the other end of my chambers offered, at least, a contrast, if nothing more. In that direction my windows commanded an unobstructed view of a lofty brick wall,black by age and everlasting shade; which wall required no spy-glass to bring out its lurking beauties, but for the benefit of all near-sighted spectators, was pushed up to within ten feet of my window panes. Owing to the great height of the surrounding buildings, and my chambers being on the second floor, the interval between this wall and mine not a little resembled a huge square cistern.</p>
<p>Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg, the man with the acquisition plan.</p>
</span><span>Photo by James Martin/CNET </span></figcaption>
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<p>Anyone who has ever been involved in closing a billion-dollar acquisition deal will tell you that you don't go in without a clear, well thought out plan.</p>
<p>Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg knows a thing or two about how to seal the deal on blockbuster buys. After all, he's the man behind his company's <ahref="https://www.cnet.com/news/facebook-closes-19-billion-deal-for-whatsapp/"target="_blank">$19 billion acquisition</a> of WhatsApp, he <ahref="https://www.cnet.com/news/zuckerberg-did-1-billion-instagram-deal-on-his-own/"target="_blank">personally brokered</a> its $1 billion buyout of <ahref="https://www.cnet.com/news/why-facebook-plunked-down-1-billion-to-buy-instagram/"target="_blank">Instagram</a> and closed the <ahref="https://www.cnet.com/news/facebook-to-buy-oculus-for-2-billion/"target="_blank">$3 billion deal</a> to buy Oculus VR.</p>
<p> But a new report released on Monday by <ahref="http://web.stanford.edu/group/scspi-dev/cgi-bin/"target="_blank">Stanford University's Center on Poverty and Inequality</a> calls that into question. </p>
<p> The report assessed poverty levels, income and wealth inequality, economic mobility and unemployment levels among 10 wealthy countries with social welfare programs. </p>
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<p> Among its key findings: the class you're born into matters much more in the U.S. than many of the other countries. </p>
<p> As the <ahref="http://web.stanford.edu/group/scspi-dev/cgi-bin/publications/state-union-report"target="_blank">report states</a>: "[T]he birth lottery matters more in the U.S. than in most well-off countries." </p>
<p> But this wasn't the only finding that suggests the U.S. isn't quite living up to its reputation as a country where everyone has an equal chance to get ahead through sheer will and hard work. </p>
<p>Daring Fireball is written and produced by John Gruber.</p>
<p><ahref="http://fakehost/graphics/author/addison-bw.jpg"><imgsrc="http://fakehost/graphics/author/addison-bw-425.jpg"alt="Photograph of the author."/></a><br/><em>Portrait by <ahref="http://superbiate.com/inquiries/">George Del Barrio</a></em></p>
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<ahref="http://fakehost/graphics/author/addison-bw.jpg"><imgsrc="http://fakehost/graphics/author/addison-bw-425.jpg"alt="Photograph of the author."/></a>
<br/><em>Portrait by <ahref="http://superbiate.com/inquiries/">George Del Barrio</a></em>
<p>If Daring Fireball looks goofy in your browser, you’re likely using a shitty browser that doesn’t support web standards. Internet Explorer, I’m looking in your direction. If you complain about this, I will laugh at you, because I do not care. If, however, you are using a modern, standards-compliant browser and have trouble viewing or reading Daring Fireball, please do let me know.</p>
<p> Tuesday 15 October 2019 by Bradley M. Kuhn </p>
<p> The last 33 days have been unprecedentedly difficult for the software freedom community and for me personally. Folks have been emailing, phoning, texting, tagging me on social media (— the last of which has been funny, because all my social media accounts are placeholder accounts). But, just about everyone has urged me to comment on the serious issues that the software freedom community now faces. Until now, I have stayed silent regarding all these current topics: from Richard M. Stallman (RMS)'s public statements, to <ahref="https://www.fsf.org/news/richard-m-stallman-resigns">his resignation from the Free Software Foundation (FSF)</a>, to the Epstein scandal and its connection to MIT. I've also avoided generally commenting on software freedom organizational governance during this period. I did this for good reason, which is explained below. However, in this blog post, I now share my primary comments on the matters that seem to currently be of the utmost attention of the Open Source and Free Software communities. </p>
<p> I have been silent the last month because, until two days ago, I was an at-large member of <ahref="https://www.fsf.org/about/staff-and-board">FSF's Board of Directors</a>, and a <ahref="https://static.fsf.org/nosvn/fsf-amended-bylaws-current.pdf">Voting Member</a> of the FSF. As a member of FSF's two leadership bodies, I was abiding by a reasonable request from the FSF management and my duty to the organization. Specifically, the FSF asked that all communication during the crisis <ahref="https://www.fsf.org/news/richard-m-stallman-resigns">come</a><ahref="https://www.fsf.org/news/fsf-and-gnu">directly</a> from FSF officers and not from at-large directors and/or Voting Members. Furthermore, the FSF management asked all Directors and Voting Members to remain silent on this entire matter — even on issues only tangentially related to the current situation, and even when speaking in our own capacity (e.g., on our own blogs like this one). The FSF is an important organization, and I take any request from the FSF seriously — so I abided fully with their request. </p>
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<p> As culture change becomes more rapid, I hope we can find reasonable nuance and moderation on our complex analysis about people and their disparate views, while we also hold individuals fully accountable for their actions. That's the difficulty we face in the post-post-modern culture of the early twenty-first century. Most importantly, I believe we must find a way to stand firm for software freedom while also making a safe environment for victims of sexual assault, sexual abuse, gaslighting, and other deplorable actions. </p>
<p> Posted on Tuesday 15 October 2019 at 09:11 by Bradley M. Kuhn. </p>
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<p><code>#include <std/disclaimer.h></code><br/><code>use Standard::Disclaimer;</code><br/><code>from standard import disclaimer</code><br/><code>SELECT full_text FROM standard WHERE type = 'disclaimer';</code></p>
<code>SELECT full_text FROM standard WHERE type = 'disclaimer';</code>
</p>
<p> Both previously and presently, I have been employed by and/or done work for various organizations that also have views on Free, Libre, and Open Source Software. As should be blatantly obvious, this is my website, not theirs, so please do not assume views and opinions here belong to any such organization. Since I do co-own ebb.org with my wife, it may not be so obvious that these aren't her views and opinions, either. </p>
<p> ebb <sup>℠</sup> is a service mark of Bradley M. Kuhn. </p>
"excerpt":"Glass cloche terrariums are not only appealing to the eye, but they also preserve a bit of nature in your home and serve as a simple, yet beautiful, piece of art. Closed terrariums are easy to care for, as they retain much of their own moisture and provide a warm environment with a consistent level of humidity. You won’t have to water the...",
<p>Glass cloche terrariums are not only appealing to the eye, but they also preserve a bit of nature in your home and serve as a simple, yet beautiful, piece of art. Closed terrariums are easy to care for, as they retain much of their own moisture and provide a warm environment with a consistent level of humidity. You won’t have to water the terrariums unless you see that the walls are not misting up. Small growing plants that don’t require a lot of light work best such as succulents, ferns, moss, even orchids.</p>
<figure><imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/default/cme/photography.prod.demandstudios.com/fc249ef6-4d27-41b4-8c21-15f7a8512b50.jpg"alt="Dig a hole in the oasis."data-credit="Lucy Akins"/></figure>
<figcaptionclass="caption"> Dig a hole in the oasis. (Lucy Akins) </figcaption>
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<figcaptionclass="caption"> Orchid in foam oasis (Lucy Akins) </figcaption>
<figure><imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/default/cme/photography.prod.demandstudios.com/eeb1e0b4-e573-40a3-8db1-2c76f0b13b84.jpg"alt="Place cloche over oasis."data-credit="Lucy Akins"/></figure>
<figcaptionclass="caption"> Place cloche over oasis. (Lucy Akins) </figcaption>
<figure><imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/default/cme/photography.prod.demandstudios.com/0cb3988c-9318-47d6-bc9c-c798da1ede72.jpg"alt="Place cloche on a platform to sit on."data-credit="Lucy Akins"/></figure>
<figcaptionclass="caption"> Place cloche on a platform to sit on. (Lucy Akins) </figcaption>
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<figcaptionclass="caption"> Cloche placed on a terracotta saucer (Lucy Akins) </figcaption>
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<figcaptionclass="caption"> Placed on a wooden slice (Lucy Akins) </figcaption>
"excerpt":"Graduation parties are a great way to commemorate the years of hard work teens and college co-eds devote to education. They’re also costly for mom and dad.The average cost of a graduation party in 2013 was a whopping $1,200, according to Graduationparty.com; $700 of that was allocated for food. However that budget was based on Midwestern...",
if (failover) failover = failover.replace(/^https?:/,'');
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<p><timedatetime="2016-09-14T07:07:00-04:00"itemprop="dateModified">Last updated September 14, 2016</time></p>
<p><timedatetime="2016-09-14T07:07:00-04:00"itemprop="dateModified">Last updated September 14, 2016</time>
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<p>Graduation parties are a great way to commemorate the years of hard work teens and college co-eds devote to education. They’re also costly for mom and dad.</p>
<p>The average cost of a graduation party in 2013 was a whopping $1,200, according to Graduationparty.com; $700 of that was allocated for food. However that budget was based on Midwestern statistics, and parties in urban areas like New York City are thought to have a much higher price tag.</p>
<p>Thankfully, there are plenty of creative ways to trim a little grad party fat without sacrificing any of the fun or celebratory spirit.</p>
<p><span><p>Parties hosted at restaurants, clubhouses and country clubs eliminate the need to spend hours cleaning up once party guests have gone home. But that convenience comes with a price tag. A country club may charge as much as $2,000 for room rental and restaurant food and beverage will almost always cost more than food prepped and served at home.</p></span></p>
<figure><imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/FE/CB/121569D2-6984-4B2F-83C4-9D2D9A27CBFE/121569D2-6984-4B2F-83C4-9D2D9A27CBFE.jpg"alt="Save money hosting the party at home."data-credit="Thomas Jackson/Digital Vision/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/></figure>
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<p>Parties hosted at restaurants, clubhouses and country clubs eliminate the need to spend hours cleaning up once party guests have gone home. But that convenience comes with a price tag. A country club may charge as much as $2,000 for room rental and restaurant food and beverage will almost always cost more than food prepped and served at home.</p>
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<imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/FE/CB/121569D2-6984-4B2F-83C4-9D2D9A27CBFE/121569D2-6984-4B2F-83C4-9D2D9A27CBFE.jpg"alt="Save money hosting the party at home."data-credit="Thomas Jackson/Digital Vision/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/>
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<p><span><p>Instead of hiring a DJ, use your iPod or Smartphone to spin the tunes. Both easily hook up to most speakers or mp3 compatible docks to play music from your music library. Or download Pandora, the free online radio app, and play hours of music for free.</p>
<p>Personalize the music with a playlist of the grad’s favorite songs or songs that were big hits during his or her years in school.</p></span></p>
<figure><imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/DF/FC/A05B0252-BD73-4BC7-A09A-96F0A504FCDF/A05B0252-BD73-4BC7-A09A-96F0A504FCDF.jpg"alt="Online radio can take the place of a hired DJ."data-credit="Spencer Platt/Getty Images News/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/></figure>
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<p>Instead of hiring a DJ, use your iPod or Smartphone to spin the tunes. Both easily hook up to most speakers or mp3 compatible docks to play music from your music library. Or download Pandora, the free online radio app, and play hours of music for free.</p>
<p>Personalize the music with a playlist of the grad’s favorite songs or songs that were big hits during his or her years in school.</p>
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<imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/DF/FC/A05B0252-BD73-4BC7-A09A-96F0A504FCDF/A05B0252-BD73-4BC7-A09A-96F0A504FCDF.jpg"alt="Online radio can take the place of a hired DJ."data-credit="Spencer Platt/Getty Images News/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/>
<p><span><p>Avoid canned drinks, which guests often open, but don't finish. Serve pitchers of tap water with lemon and cucumber slices or sliced strawberries for an interesting and refreshing flavor. Opt for punches and non-alcoholic drinks for high school graduates that allow guests to dole out the exact amount they want to drink.</p></span></p>
<figure><imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/EB/DB/8A04CCA7-3255-4225-B59A-C41441F8DBEB/8A04CCA7-3255-4225-B59A-C41441F8DBEB.jpg"alt="Serve drinks in pitchers, not in cans."data-credit="evgenyb/iStock/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/></figure>
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<p>Avoid canned drinks, which guests often open, but don't finish. Serve pitchers of tap water with lemon and cucumber slices or sliced strawberries for an interesting and refreshing flavor. Opt for punches and non-alcoholic drinks for high school graduates that allow guests to dole out the exact amount they want to drink.</p>
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<imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/EB/DB/8A04CCA7-3255-4225-B59A-C41441F8DBEB/8A04CCA7-3255-4225-B59A-C41441F8DBEB.jpg"alt="Serve drinks in pitchers, not in cans."data-credit="evgenyb/iStock/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/>
<p><span><p>Instead of inviting everyone you – and the graduate – know or ever knew, scale back the guest list. Forgo inviting guests that you or your grad haven't seen for eons. There is no reason to provide provisions for people who are essentially out of your lives. Sticking to a small, but personal, guest list allows more time to mingle with loved ones during the party, too.</p></span></p>
<figure><imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/94/10/08035476-0167-4A03-AADC-13A7E7AA1094/08035476-0167-4A03-AADC-13A7E7AA1094.jpg"alt="Limit guests to those close to the graduate."data-credit="Kane Skennar/Photodisc/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/></figure>
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<p>Instead of inviting everyone you – and the graduate – know or ever knew, scale back the guest list. Forgo inviting guests that you or your grad haven't seen for eons. There is no reason to provide provisions for people who are essentially out of your lives. Sticking to a small, but personal, guest list allows more time to mingle with loved ones during the party, too.</p>
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<imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/94/10/08035476-0167-4A03-AADC-13A7E7AA1094/08035476-0167-4A03-AADC-13A7E7AA1094.jpg"alt="Limit guests to those close to the graduate."data-credit="Kane Skennar/Photodisc/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/>
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<figcaptionclass="caption"> Kane Skennar/Photodisc/Getty Images </figcaption>
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<p><span><p>See if your grad and his best friend, girlfriend or close family member would consider hosting a joint party. You can split some of the expenses, especially when the two graduates share mutual friends. You'll also have another parent to bounce ideas off of and to help you stick to your budget when you're tempted to splurge.</p></span></p>
<figure><imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/06/49/4AD62696-FC95-4DA2-8351-42740C7B4906/4AD62696-FC95-4DA2-8351-42740C7B4906.jpg"alt="Throw a joint bash for big savings."data-credit="Mike Watson Images/Moodboard/Getty"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/></figure>
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<p>See if your grad and his best friend, girlfriend or close family member would consider hosting a joint party. You can split some of the expenses, especially when the two graduates share mutual friends. You'll also have another parent to bounce ideas off of and to help you stick to your budget when you're tempted to splurge.</p>
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<imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/06/49/4AD62696-FC95-4DA2-8351-42740C7B4906/4AD62696-FC95-4DA2-8351-42740C7B4906.jpg"alt="Throw a joint bash for big savings."data-credit="Mike Watson Images/Moodboard/Getty"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/>
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<figcaptionclass="caption"> Mike Watson Images/Moodboard/Getty </figcaption>
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<p><span><p>Skip carving stations of prime rib and jumbo shrimp as appetizers, especially for high school graduation parties. Instead, serve some of the graduate's favorite side dishes that are cost effective, like a big pot of spaghetti with breadsticks. Opt for easy and simple food such as pizza, finger food and mini appetizers. </p>
<p>Avoid pre-packaged foods and pre-made deli platters. These can be quite costly. Instead, make your own cheese and deli platters for less than half the cost of pre-made.</p></span></p>
<figure><imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/D0/51/B6AED06C-5E19-4A26-9AAD-0E175F6251D0/B6AED06C-5E19-4A26-9AAD-0E175F6251D0.jpg"alt="Cost effective appetizers are just as satisfying as pre-made deli platters."data-credit="Mark Stout/iStock/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/></figure>
<p><span>
<p>Skip carving stations of prime rib and jumbo shrimp as appetizers, especially for high school graduation parties. Instead, serve some of the graduate's favorite side dishes that are cost effective, like a big pot of spaghetti with breadsticks. Opt for easy and simple food such as pizza, finger food and mini appetizers. </p>
<p>Avoid pre-packaged foods and pre-made deli platters. These can be quite costly. Instead, make your own cheese and deli platters for less than half the cost of pre-made.</p>
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<imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/D0/51/B6AED06C-5E19-4A26-9AAD-0E175F6251D0/B6AED06C-5E19-4A26-9AAD-0E175F6251D0.jpg"alt="Cost effective appetizers are just as satisfying as pre-made deli platters."data-credit="Mark Stout/iStock/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/>
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<figcaptionclass="caption"> Mark Stout/iStock/Getty Images </figcaption>
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<p><span><p>Instead of an evening dinner party, host a grad lunch or all appetizers party. Brunch and lunch fare or finger food costs less than dinner. Guests also tend to consume less alcohol in the middle of the day, which keeps cost down.</p></span></p>
<figure><imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/35/B4/DD5FD05A-B631-4AFE-BC8F-FDACAD1EB435/DD5FD05A-B631-4AFE-BC8F-FDACAD1EB435.jpg"alt="A brunch gathering will cost less than a dinner party."data-credit="Mark Stout/iStock/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/></figure>
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<p>Instead of an evening dinner party, host a grad lunch or all appetizers party. Brunch and lunch fare or finger food costs less than dinner. Guests also tend to consume less alcohol in the middle of the day, which keeps cost down.</p>
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<imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/35/B4/DD5FD05A-B631-4AFE-BC8F-FDACAD1EB435/DD5FD05A-B631-4AFE-BC8F-FDACAD1EB435.jpg"alt="A brunch gathering will cost less than a dinner party."data-credit="Mark Stout/iStock/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/>
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<figcaptionclass="caption"> Mark Stout/iStock/Getty Images </figcaption>
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<p><span><p>Decorate your party in the graduate's current school colors or the colors of the school he or she will be headed to next. Décor that is not specifically graduation-themed may cost a bit less, and any leftovers can be re-used for future parties, picnics and events.</p></span></p>
<figure><imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/A1/FA/2C368B34-8F6A-45F6-9DFC-0B0C4E33FAA1/2C368B34-8F6A-45F6-9DFC-0B0C4E33FAA1.jpg"alt="Theme the party by color without graduation-specific decor."data-credit="jethuynh/iStock/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/></figure>
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<p>Decorate your party in the graduate's current school colors or the colors of the school he or she will be headed to next. Décor that is not specifically graduation-themed may cost a bit less, and any leftovers can be re-used for future parties, picnics and events.</p>
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<imgsrc="http://img-aws.ehowcdn.com/640/cme/cme_public_images/www_ehow_com/cdn-write.demandstudios.com/upload/image/A1/FA/2C368B34-8F6A-45F6-9DFC-0B0C4E33FAA1/2C368B34-8F6A-45F6-9DFC-0B0C4E33FAA1.jpg"alt="Theme the party by color without graduation-specific decor."data-credit="jethuynh/iStock/Getty Images"data-pin-ehow-hover="true"data-pin-no-hover="true"/>
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One X</a> is the ultimate video game system. It sports more horsepower than any system ever. And it plays more titles in native 4K than <ahref="https://www.engadget.com/2016/11/07/sony-playstation-4-pro-review/">Sony's
PlayStation 4 Pro</a>. It's just about everything you could want without investing in a gaming PC. The only problem? It's now been a year since the PS4 Pro launched, and the One X costs $500, while Sony's console launched at $400. That high price limits the Xbox One X to diehard Microsoft fans who don't mind paying a bit more to play the console's exclusive titles in 4K. Everyone else might be better off waiting, or opting for the $279 <ahref="https://www.engadget.com/2016/08/02/xbox-one-s-review/">Xbox
One S</a>. </p>
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<p>The <ahref="https://www.engadget.com/2017/06/13/the-xbox-one-x-is-aspirational-in-the-purest-sense-of-the-word/">Xbox One X</a> is the ultimate video game system. It sports more horsepower than any system ever. And it plays more titles in native 4K than <ahref="https://www.engadget.com/2016/11/07/sony-playstation-4-pro-review/">Sony's PlayStation 4 Pro</a>. It's just about everything you could want without investing in a gaming PC. The only problem? It's now been a year since the PS4 Pro launched, and the One X costs $500, while Sony's console launched at $400. That high price limits the Xbox One X to diehard Microsoft fans who don't mind paying a bit more to play the console's exclusive titles in 4K. Everyone else might be better off waiting, or opting for the $279 <ahref="https://www.engadget.com/2016/08/02/xbox-one-s-review/">Xbox One S</a>. </p>
<p>As promised, the Xbox One X is the most powerful game console ever. In practice, though, it really just puts Microsoft on equal footing with Sony’s PlayStation 4 Pro. 4K/HDR enhanced games look great, but it’s lack of VR is disappointing in 2017.</p>
<p>Along the front, there's the slot-loading 4K Blu-ray drive, a physical power button, a single USB port and a controller pairing button. And around back, there are HDMI out and in ports, the latter of which lets you plug in your cable box. Additionally, there are two USB ports, connections for optical audio, IR out, and gigabit Ethernet. If you've still got a Kinect around, you'll need to use a USB adapter to plug it in.</p>
<p>The console's controller hasn't changed since its last mini-upgrade with the Xbox One S. That revision rounded out its seams, improved bumper performance and added a 3.5mm headphone jack. It's still a great controller, though I'm annoyed Microsoft is sticking with AA batteries as their default power source. Sure, you could just pick up some renewable batteries, or the Play and Charge kit, but that's an extra expense. And manually swapping batteries feels like a bad user experience when every other console has rechargeable controllers.</p>
<p>You won't find any major differences between the One X and the last Xbox at first — aside from a more dramatic startup sequence. Navigating the Xbox interface is fast and zippy, but mostly that's due to a recent OS upgrade. If you're moving over from an older Xbox One, you can use the backup tool to transfer your games and settings to an external hard drive. Just plug that into the new console during setup and it'll make it feel just like your old machine. It's also a lot faster than waiting for everything to download from Xbox Live.</p>
<p>You'll still have to set aside some time if you want to play an Xbox One X-enhanced title, though. Those 4K textures will make games significantly larger, but Microsoft says it's come up with a few ways to help developers make downloading them more efficient. For example, language packs and other optional content won't get installed by default.</p>
<p>We only had a few enhanced titles to test out during our review: <em>Gears of War 4</em>, <em>Killer
Instinct</em> and <em>Super Lucky's Tale</em>. They each took advantage of the console in different ways. <em>Gears of War 4</em> runs natively in 4K at 30 FPS with Dolby Atmos and HDR (high dynamic range lighting) support. It looked great -- especially with HDR, which highlighted bright elements like lightning strikes -- but I noticed the frame rate dip occasionally. I was also surprised that load times were on-par with what I've seen with the game on the Xbox One S.</p>
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<p>We only had a few enhanced titles to test out during our review: <em>Gears of War 4</em>, <em>Killer Instinct</em> and <em>Super Lucky's Tale</em>. They each took advantage of the console in different ways. <em>Gears of War 4</em> runs natively in 4K at 30 FPS with Dolby Atmos and HDR (high dynamic range lighting) support. It looked great -- especially with HDR, which highlighted bright elements like lightning strikes -- but I noticed the frame rate dip occasionally. I was also surprised that load times were on-par with what I've seen with the game on the Xbox One S.</p>
<p>You can also play in Performance mode, which bumps the frame rate up to 60FPS and uses higher quality graphical effects, while rendering it lower in 1080p. Personally, I preferred this, since it makes the game much smoother -- as if you're playing it on a high-end gaming PC, not a console. Some PlayStation 4 Pro games also let you choose how you wanted to distribute its power, so in some ways Microsoft is just following in its footsteps.</p>
<p>I've been playing <em>Gears of War 4</em> on my gaming PC (which is connected to my home theater) over the past year, and I was impressed that the Xbox One X is able to deliver a similar experience. It didn't quite match my rig though, which is powered by Intel Core i7 4790k CPU running at 4GHz, 16GB DDR3 RAM and an NVIDIA GTX 1080 GPU. Typically, I play at 1,440p (2,560 by 1,440 pixels) with HDR and all of the graphical settings set to their highest level, and I can easily maintain a 60FPS frame rate. The One X felt just as solid at 1080p, but there were clearly plenty of graphics settings it couldn't take advantage of, in particular higher levels of bloom lighting and shadow detail.</p>
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<h3> Gallery: Xbox One X screenshots | 9 Photos </h3>
Tale</em> run in 4K at a smooth 60FPS. They both looked and played better than their standard versions, though I was surprised they didn't take advantage of HDR. As usual, I noticed the improvement in frame rates more than the higher resolution. Unless you're sitting very close to a TV above 50-inches, you'd likely have a hard time telling between 4K and 1080p.</p>
<p><em>Killer Instinct</em> and <em>Super Lucky's Tale</em> run in 4K at a smooth 60FPS. They both looked and played better than their standard versions, though I was surprised they didn't take advantage of HDR. As usual, I noticed the improvement in frame rates more than the higher resolution. Unless you're sitting very close to a TV above 50-inches, you'd likely have a hard time telling between 4K and 1080p.</p>
<p>That poses a problem for Microsoft: It's betting that gamers will actually want true 4K rendering. In practice, though, PlayStation 4 Pro titles running in HDR and resolutions between 1080p and 4K often look just as good to the naked eye. The Xbox One X's big advantage is that its hardware could let more games reach 60FPS compared to Sony's console.</p>
<p>Microsoft says over 130 Xbox One X-enhanced titles are in the works. That includes already-released games like <em>Forza Motorsport 7</em> and <em>Assassin's
Creed Origins</em>, as well as upcoming titles like <em>Call of Duty: WW2</em>. You'll be able to find them easily in a special section in the Xbox store. There is also a handful of Xbox 360 games that'll get enhanced eventually, including <em>Halo
3</em> and <em>Fallout 3</em>. Some of those titles will get bumped up to a higher resolution, while others will get HDR support. Microsoft describes these upgrades as a bonus for developers who were prescient about how they built their games. Basically, don't expect your entire 360 library to get enhanced.</p>
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<p>Microsoft says over 130 Xbox One X-enhanced titles are in the works. That includes already-released games like <em>Forza Motorsport 7</em> and <em>Assassin's Creed Origins</em>, as well as upcoming titles like <em>Call of Duty: WW2</em>. You'll be able to find them easily in a special section in the Xbox store. There is also a handful of Xbox 360 games that'll get enhanced eventually, including <em>Halo 3</em> and <em>Fallout 3</em>. Some of those titles will get bumped up to a higher resolution, while others will get HDR support. Microsoft describes these upgrades as a bonus for developers who were prescient about how they built their games. Basically, don't expect your entire 360 library to get enhanced.</p>
<p>Even if a game isn't specifically tuned for the new console, Microsoft says you might still see some performance improvements. The PlayStation 4 Pro, meanwhile, has over one hundred games built for its hardware, and its boost mode can speed up some older games.</p>
<p>Microsoft is still pushing the Xbox as more than just a game console, though. 4K Blu-rays loaded up quickly, and I didn't notice many delays as I skipped around films. <em>Planet Earth II</em>, in particular, looked fantastic thanks to its brilliant use of HDR. Unfortunately, the One X doesn't support Dolby Vision, so you're stuck with the slightly less capable HDR 10 standard. That makes sense since it's more widely supported, but it would have been nice to see Dolby's, too.</p>
<p>And speaking of Dolby technology, Microsoft is also highlighting Atmos support on the One X, just like it did with the One S. The company's app lets you configure the console to pass audio Atmos signals to your audio receiver. You can also shell out $15 to get Atmos support for headphones, which simulates immersive surround sound. It's strange to pay money to unlock Dolby features, but it's worth it since it's significantly better than Microsoft's audio virtualization technology. The Netflix app also supports Atmos for a handful of films (something that the Xbox One S and PlayStation 4 offer, as well).</p>
<p>One thing you won't find in the new Xbox is VR support. Microsoft has mentioned that the console will offer some sort of mixed reality, but it hasn't offered up any details yet. It's technically powerful enough to work with any of the Windows Mixed Reality headsets launching this fall. It's a shame that Microsoft is being so wishy-washy because Sony has had a very successful head start with the PlayStation VR.</p>
<p>The biggest knock against the Xbox One X is its $500 price. The PS4 Pro launched at $400 last year, and there's a good chance we'll see plenty of deals around the holidays. If your friends are on Xbox Live, or you're a devotee of Microsoft's first party franchises, then the X makes more sense. If you just want to play third-party titles that come to both platforms, though, the PS4 Pro is clearly the better deal.</p>
<p>If you're looking to upgrade from an original Xbox One, and you have a new TV, the One X might be more compelling. It's faster and offers more features than the One S, and more importantly, it'll last you much longer without needing an upgrade. There's also plenty of wisdom in simply waiting a while before you buy the One X, especially if you haven't moved to a 4K TV yet. The new console can make games look better on 1080p sets, since it'll supersample high-res textures and have more graphical effects, but it's simply not worth the upgrade since those TVs don't support HDR.</p>
<span><span>W</span></span>hale whisperer Hori Parata was just seven years old when he attended his first mass stranding, a beaching of porpoises in New Zealand’s Northland, their cries screeching through the air on the deserted stretch of sand. </p>
<span><span>W</span></span>hale whisperer Hori Parata was just seven years old when he attended his first mass stranding, a beaching of porpoises in New Zealand’s Northland, their cries screeching through the air on the deserted stretch of sand.
</p>
<p> Seven decades later, Parata, 75, has now overseen more than 500 strandings and is renowned in <ahref="https://www.theguardian.com/world/newzealand"data-link-name="auto-linked-tag"data-component="auto-linked-tag">New Zealand</a> as the leading Māori whale expert, called on by tribes around the country for cultural guidance as marine strandings become increasingly complex and fatal. </p>
<p> “Man’s greed in the ocean is hurting the whales,” says Parata, a fierce and uncompromising elder of the Ngātiwai tribe of eastern Northland. </p>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Hori Parata at his Pātaua farm, the place where he was born and grew up."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/05cb692c634cd90e5411aab92ca3e649474ff786/0_0_4800_3200/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=575838a657b26493e956c7f84b058080"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Hori Parata at his Pātaua farm, the place where he was born and grew up."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/05cb692c634cd90e5411aab92ca3e649474ff786/0_0_4800_3200/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=575838a657b26493e956c7f84b058080"/>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Kauri (Tekaurinui Robert) Parata, watched by his father Hori Parata, carves a traditional Maōri design at their home in Whangārei. Kauri is a member of the Manu Taupunga group that is the organising arm of the whale-body recovery operation started by his father, Hori Parata"src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/98c683a7df9c83b2c13de2d93ca1825199ed5150/0_0_4800_3166/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=2f198e1958f140f3ac664a3fdd87177c"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Kauri (Tekaurinui Robert) Parata, watched by his father Hori Parata, carves a traditional Maōri design at their home in Whangārei. Kauri is a member of the Manu Taupunga group that is the organising arm of the whale-body recovery operation started by his father, Hori Parata"src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/98c683a7df9c83b2c13de2d93ca1825199ed5150/0_0_4800_3166/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=2f198e1958f140f3ac664a3fdd87177c"/>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="A bin of small whale bones."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/0447972cf47ca67882fcfc648edf7e574b0853bc/0_0_4800_3200/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=718132fd888108a18383c24a8425523b"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="A bin of small whale bones."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/0447972cf47ca67882fcfc648edf7e574b0853bc/0_0_4800_3200/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=718132fd888108a18383c24a8425523b"/>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="The baleen recovered from a stranded Pygmy Right Whale."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/416800b8d06039780c3e6de28564e6f277b4e7b7/0_0_4800_3200/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=c5a53178ebbe54490c97fad6b5e032c4"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="The baleen recovered from a stranded Pygmy Right Whale."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/416800b8d06039780c3e6de28564e6f277b4e7b7/0_0_4800_3200/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=c5a53178ebbe54490c97fad6b5e032c4"/>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Squid beaks, from the stomach of a Sperm Whale."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8c207197c0a9e6f407dcddfded5f868a142c9cab/0_0_4800_3200/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=0dd659ae339b1aea9a99ed7f6f8eadeb"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Squid beaks, from the stomach of a Sperm Whale."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8c207197c0a9e6f407dcddfded5f868a142c9cab/0_0_4800_3200/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=0dd659ae339b1aea9a99ed7f6f8eadeb"/>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Buck Cullen with his daughter Kaiarahi (10 months) in his back yard where he is storing a pair of massive Sperm Whale jawbones. Buck is a integral member of the whale recovery team, alongside Hori Parata."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/0d13adeb0790af5c5fa317ce477c323d0e1c773c/0_0_4800_2334/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=41b88ee343b9be76688b88443c7a8958"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Buck Cullen with his daughter Kaiarahi (10 months) in his back yard where he is storing a pair of massive Sperm Whale jawbones. Buck is a integral member of the whale recovery team, alongside Hori Parata."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/0d13adeb0790af5c5fa317ce477c323d0e1c773c/0_0_4800_2334/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=41b88ee343b9be76688b88443c7a8958"/>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="12 Parāoa Whales (Sperm Whales) recently stranded on the South Taranaki coast of Kaupokonui, on a scale not seen on their coast in recent memory."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/4973b41f53b8ade499f99a305b01157eca659ca5/0_0_1200_900/master/1200.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=7c255bf6f8a27c56365a86813cdd1517"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="12 Parāoa Whales (Sperm Whales) recently stranded on the South Taranaki coast of Kaupokonui, on a scale not seen on their coast in recent memory."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/4973b41f53b8ade499f99a305b01157eca659ca5/0_0_1200_900/master/1200.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=7c255bf6f8a27c56365a86813cdd1517"/>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Kauri (Tekaurinui Robert) Parata, of the New Zealand Māori tribe Ngāti Wai, in front of the carving shed at Hihiaua Cultural Centre in Whangarei"src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d1941b6a6908314fab28f44da222a4c892213341/0_0_4800_3120/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=76a26a289728e3d625e57d32eced57d8"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Kauri (Tekaurinui Robert) Parata, of the New Zealand Māori tribe Ngāti Wai, in front of the carving shed at Hihiaua Cultural Centre in Whangarei"src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d1941b6a6908314fab28f44da222a4c892213341/0_0_4800_3120/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=76a26a289728e3d625e57d32eced57d8"/>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="The Pou in front of the carving shed at Hihiaua Cultural centre"src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/14b462f5d9489def554e0f9f436f13aec332f7b8/0_0_4278_4800/master/4278.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=a45ec7578a392eec201d2f6920b609a0"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="The Pou in front of the carving shed at Hihiaua Cultural centre"src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/14b462f5d9489def554e0f9f436f13aec332f7b8/0_0_4278_4800/master/4278.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=a45ec7578a392eec201d2f6920b609a0"/>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Kauri (Tekaurinui Robert) Parata, holds three whale teeth recovered from a beached whale. The middle tooth shows the marks where a poacher had attempted to hack it out with an axe before the recovery group arrived. Kauri is a member of the Manu Taupunga group that is the organising arm of the whale-body recovery operation started by his father, Hori Parata."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/e2cf54c36f17c6894844ea0cdd4346288a002da9/915_0_3172_3189/master/3172.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=0bd8e9f51bdf79a6e0a15ed176cfb57d"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Kauri (Tekaurinui Robert) Parata, holds three whale teeth recovered from a beached whale. The middle tooth shows the marks where a poacher had attempted to hack it out with an axe before the recovery group arrived. Kauri is a member of the Manu Taupunga group that is the organising arm of the whale-body recovery operation started by his father, Hori Parata."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/e2cf54c36f17c6894844ea0cdd4346288a002da9/915_0_3172_3189/master/3172.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=0bd8e9f51bdf79a6e0a15ed176cfb57d"/>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Whangārei Harbour from Tamaterau, looking south through Mangrove sprouts coming up through the harbourside silt."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/b5f3736b2ba2ef4df364258b0efcaba26f571d6e/0_0_4800_3073/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=7fcadc35b3a44ebafe3c469c6e89241d"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="Whangārei Harbour from Tamaterau, looking south through Mangrove sprouts coming up through the harbourside silt."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/b5f3736b2ba2ef4df364258b0efcaba26f571d6e/0_0_4800_3073/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=7fcadc35b3a44ebafe3c469c6e89241d"/>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="The skull of a Brydes whale, in the storage container at Hihiaua Cultural Centre, Whangārei."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d5aaf60e3a427f278747acf0c3e7ba39b39ef923/0_0_4800_3200/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=1b74b488aedb864287ff160f86d74c9d"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="The skull of a Brydes whale, in the storage container at Hihiaua Cultural Centre, Whangārei."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/d5aaf60e3a427f278747acf0c3e7ba39b39ef923/0_0_4800_3200/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=1b74b488aedb864287ff160f86d74c9d"/>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="A large calibre bullet of the type that the New Zealand Department of Conservation (DOC) uses for euthanasing stranded whales that are beyond rescue."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/3766106f73e858d5b140ae3cdd2eef84060180cd/0_0_4800_3200/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=d2f5bb7c3c3642ac8733ca40509f6e20"/></picture>
<imgitemprop="contentUrl"alt="A large calibre bullet of the type that the New Zealand Department of Conservation (DOC) uses for euthanasing stranded whales that are beyond rescue."src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/3766106f73e858d5b140ae3cdd2eef84060180cd/0_0_4800_3200/master/4800.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=d2f5bb7c3c3642ac8733ca40509f6e20"/>
"title":"1Password für Mac generiert Einmal-Passwörter",
"byline":"Mac & i",
"dir":null,
"excerpt":"Das in der iOS-Version bereits enthaltene TOTP-Feature ist nun auch für OS X 10.10 verfügbar. Zudem gibt es neue Zusatzfelder in der Datenbank und weitere Verbesserungen.",
<pclass="caption">1Password scannt auch QR-Codes.</p>
<p>(Bild: Hersteller)</p>
@ -11,6 +12,7 @@
<p>Zur TOTP-Nutzung muss zunächst ein Startwert an 1Password übergeben werden. Das geht unter anderem per QR-Code, den die App über ein neues Scanfenster selbst einlesen kann – etwa aus dem Webbrowser. Eine Einführung in die Technik gibt <arel="external"target="_blank"href="http://1pw.ca/TOTPvideoMac">ein kurzes Video</a>. Die TOTP-Unterstützung in 1Password erlaubt es, auf ein zusätzliches Gerät (z.B. ein iPhone) neben dem Mac zu verzichten, das den Code liefert – was allerdings auch die Sicherheit verringert, weil es keinen "echten" zweiten Faktor mehr gibt.</p>
<p>Update 5.3 des Passwortmanagers liefert auch noch weitere Verbesserungen. So gibt es die Möglichkeit, FaceTime-Audio- oder Skype-Anrufe aus 1Password zu starten, die Zahl der Zusatzfelder in der Datenbank wurde erweitert und der Umgang mit unterschiedlichen Zeitzonen klappt besser. Die Engine zur Passworteingabe im Browser soll beschleunigt worden sein.</p>
<p>1Password kostet aktuell knapp 50 Euro im Mac App Store und setzt in seiner aktuellen Version mindestens OS X 10.10 voraus. <span>(<atitle="Ben Schwan"href="mailto:bsc@heise.de">bsc</a>)</span>
"excerpt":"A HIGH-powered federal government team has been doing the rounds of media organisations in the past few days in an attempt to allay concerns about the impact of new surveillance legislation on press freedom. It failed.",
<p><imgdata-src="http://api.news.com.au/content/1.0/heraldsun/images/1227261885862?format=jpg&group=iphone&size=medium"alt="A new Bill would require telecommunications service providers to store so-called ‘metadat"/></p>
<pclass="caption"><spanid="imgCaption">A new Bill would require telecommunications service providers to store so-called ‘metadata’ for two years.</span><span><em>Source:</em>
Supplied</span></p>
</div>
<p><imgdata-src="http://api.news.com.au/content/1.0/heraldsun/images/1227261885862?format=jpg&group=iphone&size=medium"alt="A new Bill would require telecommunications service providers to store so-called ‘metadat"/>
</p>
<pclass="caption">
<spanid="imgCaption">A new Bill would require telecommunications service providers to store so-called ‘metadata’ for two years.</span>
<span><em>Source:</em> Supplied</span>
</p>
</div>
<p><strong>
A HIGH-powered federal government team has been doing the rounds of media organisations in the past few days in an attempt to allay concerns about the impact of new surveillance legislation on press freedom. It failed.
</strong></p>
<p><strong> A HIGH-powered federal government team has been doing the rounds of media organisations in the past few days in an attempt to allay concerns about the impact of new surveillance legislation on press freedom. It failed. </strong></p>
<p>The roadshow featured the Prime Minister’s national security adviser, Andrew Shearer, Justin Bassi, who advises Attorney-General George Brandis on crime and security matters, and Australian Federal Police Commissioner Andrew Colvin. Staffers from the office of Communications Minister Malcolm Turnbull also took part.</p>
<p>They held meetings with executives from News Corporation and Fairfax, representatives of the TV networks, the ABC top brass and a group from the media union and the Walkley journalism foundation. I was involved as a member of the Walkley board.</p>
<p>The initiative, from Tony Abbott’s office, is evidence that the Government has been alarmed by the strength of criticism from media of the Data Retention Bill it wants passed before Parliament rises in a fortnight. Bosses, journalists, even the Press Council, are up in arms, not only over this measure, but also over aspects of two earlier pieces of national security legislation that interfere with the ability of the media to hold government to account.</p>
<divid="read-more">
<divid="read-more-content">
<p>The Bill would require telecommunications service providers to store so-called “metadata” — the who, where, when and how of a communication, but not its content — for two years so security and law enforcement agencies can access it without warrant. Few would argue against the use of such material to catch criminals or terrorists. But, as Parliament’s Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security has pointed out, it would also be used “for the purpose of determining the identity of a journalist’s sources”.</p>
<p>And that should ring warning bells for anyone genuinely concerned with the health of our democracy. Without the ability to protect the identity of sources, journalists would be greatly handicapped in exposing corruption, dishonesty, waste, incompetence and misbehaviour by public officials.</p>
<p>The Press Council is concerned the laws would crush investigative journalism.</p>
"excerpt":"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.",
"excerpt":"We messed up. As technologists, tasked with delivering content and services to users, we lost track of the user experience. Twenty years ago we saw an explosion of websites, built by developers around the world, providing all forms of content. This was the beginning of an age of enlightenment, the intersection of content and technology. … Continued",
<p>We messed up. As technologists, tasked with delivering content and services to users, we lost track of the user experience.</p>
<p>Twenty years ago we saw an explosion of websites, built by developers around the world, providing all forms of content. This was the beginning of an age of enlightenment, the intersection of content and technology. Many of us in the technical field felt compelled, and even empowered, to produce information as the distribution means for mass communication were no longer restricted by a high barrier to entry.</p>
@ -21,9 +20,7 @@
<p>IAB Tech Lab Members can join the IAB Tech Lab Ad Blocking Working Group, please email <ahref="mailto:adblocking@iab.com">adblocking@iab.com</a> for more information.</p>
<p>Read <atarget="_blank"href="http://www.iab.com/insights/ad-blocking/">more about ad blocking here</a>.</p>
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<h4name="9736"id="9736"data-align="center">Welcome to DoctorX’s Barcelona lab, where the drugs you bought online are tested for safety and purity. No questions asked.</h4>
<pname="8a83"id="8a83">Standing at a table in a chemistry lab in Barcelona, Cristina Gil Lladanosa tears open a silver, smell-proof protective envelope. She slides out a transparent bag full of crystals. Around her, machines whir and hum, and other researchers mill around in long, white coats.</p>
<pname="9f91"id="9f91">“The process is quite boring, because you are in a routine,” Lladanosa says. But one part of the process is consistently surprising: that moment when the results pop up on the screen. “Every time it’s something different.” For instance, one cocaine sample she had tested also contained phenacetin, a painkiller added to increase the product’s weight; lidocaine, an anesthetic that numbs the gums, giving the impression that the user is taking higher quality cocaine; and common caffeine.</p>
<pname="39a6"id="39a6">The deep web drug lab is the brainchild of Fernando Caudevilla, a Spanish physician who is better known as “DoctorX” on the deep web, a nickname given to him by his Energy Control co-workers because of his earlier writing about the history, risks and recreational culture of MDMA. In the physical world, Caudevilla has worked for over a decade with Energy Control on various harm reduction focused projects, most of which have involved giving Spanish illegal drug users medical guidance, and often writing leaflets about the harms of certain substances.</p>
<pname="7b5e"id="7b5e">While the Energy Control lab in Madrid lab only tests Spanish drugs from various sources, it is the Barcelona location which vets the substances bought in the shadowy recesses of of the deep web. Caudevilla no longer runs it, having handed it over to his colleague Ana Muñoz. She maintains a presence on the deep web forums, answers questions from potential users, and sends back reports when they are ready.</p>
<pname="126b"id="126b">Despite the prevalence of people using the service to gauge the quality of what goes up their nose, many users send samples to Energy Control in the spirit of its original mission: keeping themselves alive and healthy. The worst case scenario from drugs purchased on the deep web is, well the worst case. That was the outcome when <ahref="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/teenager-patrick-mcmullen-who-died-while-on-skype-had-bought-drugs-from-silk-road-8942329.html"data-href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/teenager-patrick-mcmullen-who-died-while-on-skype-had-bought-drugs-from-silk-road-8942329.html"rel="nofollow">Patrick McMullen,</a> a 17-year-old Scottish student, ingested half a gram of MDMA and three tabs of LSD, reportedly purchased from the Silk Road. While talking to his friends on Skype, his words became slurred and he passed out. Paramedics could not revive him. The coroner for that case, Sherrif Payne, who deemed the cause of death ecstasy toxicity, told <em>The Independent</em> “You never know the purity of what you are taking and you can easily come unstuck.”</p>
<pname="e3a4"id="e3a4">A week after I visit the lab, the results of the MDMA arrive in my inbox: it is 85 percent pure, with no indications of other active ingredients. Whoever ordered that sample from the digital shelves of the deep web, and had it shipped to their doorstep in Canada, got hold of some seriously good, and relatively safe drugs. And now they know it.</p>
<p>La protesta social es indisociable de la democracia. Cuando desborda, recanalizarla es más eficiente que reprimirla: ahí reside el arte del acuerdo. En la Argentina la tarea es delicada porque pocos confían en la imparcialidad de las instituciones. Entonces, cada actor reivindica sus intereses con los medios de que dispone: los sindicatos hacen huelga, los estudiantes toman colegios, los empresarios cierran las fábricas y todos hacen piquetes. El politólogo Samuel Huntington definía una sociedad así como pretoriana y el jurista Carlos Nino llamó a la Argentina "un país al margen de la ley". Al movilizarse por sus derechos y desconfiar del Estado, la comunidad mapuche se demuestra bien argentina.</p>
<p>Las cinco provincias patagónicas tienen una población similar a la de La Matanza. A diferencia de los Estados Unidos, que se integraron hacia el oeste otorgando parcelas de tierra a los colonizadores, y de Brasil, donde el rol de ocupación y desarrollo territorial fue cumplido por las fuerzas armadas, la Argentina obvió la tarea integradora tras consolidar su soberanía a finales del siglo XX. Hoy sobra tierra y falta gente. Gobernar sigue siendo poblar, pero también integrar.</p>
<p>Seamos claros: ningún individuo u organización tiene derecho a violar la ley. Pero el problema histórico del Estado argentino no fue tanto quiénes lo desafiaron como quiénes lo gobernaron. Cambiemos.</p>
<p><b><i>Andrés Malamud es politólogo e investigador en la Universidad de Lisboa. Martín Schapiro es abogado
administrativista y analista internacional</i></b></p>
<p><b><i>Andrés Malamud es politólogo e investigador en la Universidad de Lisboa. Martín Schapiro es abogado administrativista y analista internacional</i></b></p>
<pid="d2c1"> I work at <ahref="http://voodoo.io/"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">Voodoo</a>, a French company that creates mobile video games. We have a lot of challenges with performance, availability, and scalability because of the insane amount of traffic our infrastructure supports (billions of events/requests per day …… no joke!). In this setting, every metric is important and gives us a lot of information about the state of our system. </p>
<pid="0e89"> When working with Node.js one of the most critical resources to monitor is the CPU. Most of the time, when working on a low traffic API or project we don’t realize how many simple lines of code can have a huge impact on CPU. On the other hand, when traffic increases, a simple mistake can cost dearly. </p>
<pid="1efa"> What kind of resources does your application need? In most cases, we focus on memory and CPU. Good monitoring of these two elements is mandatory for an application running on production. </p>
<pid="dce9"> For memory, constant monitoring is the best practice to track the worst developer nightmare a.k.a memory leak. </p>
<pid="69dd"> A good way to debug memory leak is a memory dump and/or memory sampling but this is not the subject. </p>
@ -33,14 +22,10 @@
</blockquote>
<pid="40e6"> Most of the time we monitor this resource with a simple solution allowing us to get a graph representing CPU consumption over time. If we want to be reactive we add an alarm, based on a threshold, to warn us when CPU usage is too high. </p>
<pid="0728"> And what next? We don’t have data about the state of the instance when the CPU usage has increased. So we can’t determine why we had this peak, at least not without an important time of debugging, comparing log, etc. This is exactly why you need to use CPU profiling. </p>
@ -54,48 +39,37 @@
<pid="66c8"> The first command just executes your application, the argument just tells to V8 engine to collect data. When you stop your script all information is stored in a file. </p>
<figcaption> The output of — prof-process </figcaption>
</figure>
<pid="85fa"> It seems better, here you can determine which function consumes the most of CPU (percentage of the time). </p>
<h2id="9e54"> ClinicJs </h2>
<pid="176a"> ClinicJs is a set of tools that allow you to collect data and display performance charts. With “clinic flame” you can generate a flame graph based on CPU consumption. </p>
<pid="5347"> But once again, you have to stop your app, launch the tool, then terminate the script in order to display the graph (files are generated on the disk). </p>
<pid="d6e6"> For more details, you can see the <ahref="https://clinicjs.org/"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">project</a>. </p>
<pid="be18">
<strong>To sum up</strong>, here is the list of drawbacks of the two previous solutions. </p>
<strong>To sum up</strong>, here is the list of drawbacks of the two previous solutions.
</p>
<ul>
<liid="3bef">Downtime (you should kill your application to collect the data) </li>
<liid="c0df">Performance overhead </li>
@ -114,52 +88,37 @@
</ul>
<pid="731f"> And here is how to make a CPU profiling with this module: </p>
<figure>
<div>
</div>
</figure>
<pid="79d1"> As you can see, all the data is returned in variable “profile”. Basically, it’s a simple JSON object representing all the call stack and the CPU consumption for each function. And if you want to use an Async/await syntax you can install the module “inspector-api”. </p>
<pid="195d"> It also comes with a built-in exporter to send data to S3, with this method <strong>you don’t write anything on the disk</strong>! </p>
<figure>
<div>
</div>
</figure>
<pid="964f"> If you use another storage system you can just collect the data and export it by yourself. </p>
<figure>
<div>
</div>
</figure>
<pid="6933"> We have an API that we want to test with autocannon tool. At this step, our project is able to serve around 200 requests in 20 seconds. There is probably a mistake somewhere in the code which slows down our application. </p>
<pid="fb78"> But now, what if we want to trigger a CPU profiling remotely (without ssh connection to the server)? It’s possible using Websocket, SSE or any other technology to send a message to your instance. </p>
<pid="2c91"> Here is a simple example of a server using the “ws” module to send a message to a unique instance. </p>
<figure>
<div>
</div>
</figure>
<pid="2206"> Of course, it only works with one instance, but it’s a fake project to demonstrate the principle ;) </p>
<pid="e92d"> Now we can request our server to ask it to send a message to our instance and start/stop a CPU profiling. In your instance, you can handle the CPU profiling like this: </p>
<figure>
<div>
</div>
</figure>
<pid="c3d0">
<strong>To sum up</strong>: we are able to trigger a CPU profiling, on-demand, in real-time, without interruption or connection to the server. Data can be collected on the disk (and extracted later) or can be sent to S3 (or any other system, PR are welcomed on the <ahref="https://github.com/wallet77/v8-inspector-api"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">inspector-api project</a>). </p>
<strong>To sum up</strong>: we are able to trigger a CPU profiling, on-demand, in real-time, without interruption or connection to the server. Data can be collected on the disk (and extracted later) or can be sent to S3 (or any other system, PR are welcomed on the <ahref="https://github.com/wallet77/v8-inspector-api"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">inspector-api project</a>).
</p>
<blockquote>
<pid="6e87"> And because the profiler is a part of V8 itself, the format of the generated JSON file is compatible with the Chrome dev tools. </p>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<pid="2cda">
<strong>How can we identify an issue?</strong>
@ -176,31 +135,21 @@
<pid="48d9"> In our example, every request try to generate a token. For this purpose, it calls the function pbkdf2 which is CPU consuming. Our CPU profile looks like a sequence of big blocks of time, like if the last function in the call stack takes 99% of the total time. </p>
<pid="d62c"> The CPU profiling after optimizations, with the same time range. </p>
<figcaption> CPU profiling after optimizations </figcaption>
</figure>
<pid="10ee"> As you can notice, we have to zoom to the profile if we want to see the call stack, because after optimizations the API was able to take a lot more traffic. Now every function in the call stack looks like a microtask. </p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<pid="10f1"> And now our application is able to serve more than 200,000 requests in 20 seconds; <strong>we increased the performance by a factor of 100k</strong>! </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zu12g5xzyxojpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zu12g5xzyxojpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zu12g5xzyxojpg.jpg 470w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_scale,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_800/18zu12g5xzyxojpg.jpg 800w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zu12g5xzyxojpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zu12g5xzyxojpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zu12g5xzyxojpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zu12g5xzyxojpg.jpg 470w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_scale,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_800/18zu12g5xzyxojpg.jpg 800w"/>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</figure>
<p>
<em>Nothing beats the passion of a true fan writing about something they love. That's what you're about to see here: one of the richest, most amazing tributes to a great gaming series that we've ever run on</em> Kotaku<em>. <strong>Warning #1:</strong> this one might make your browser chug, so close your other tabs. <strong>Warning #2:</strong> This piece might make it hurt a little more than there are no new</em> Metroid <em>games from Nintendo on the horizon.</em>
@ -18,7 +16,8 @@
<p> It’s a place in which xenocide is a commissioned service, and grievances are resolved with planetary apocalypses. Everything is chaotically connected to a dead race of avian prophetic poets fighting a war throughout the cosmos. It’s a dark place to visit. </p>
<p> There are two purposes to this article: to explore the expansive lore of the <em>Metroid</em> universe – with speculation to fill in the gaps – and to exhibit some extraordinary <em>Metroid</em>-inspired art. All artwork is credited to its original source – follow the links to see further works of these spectacular artists. </p>
<h3id="h3288">
<aid=""></a>Notes on Speculation and Lore </h3>
<aid=""></a>Notes on Speculation and Lore
</h3>
<p> The games tell us much about this hostile universe, but there are a lot of unresolved story points. In response to these mysteries, the article will provide a healthy amount of speculation. You can consider the piece to be either a makeshift timeline illustrated with fan-artwork, or simply an enthusiastic attempt to reconcile the series continuity into a cohesive whole. The article is informed by the extensive research previously performed by its author. The approach taken regarding speculation is thus: The logical inclusion of probable events that resolve mysteries, while maintaining the themes of the series. </p>
<p> Before we begin, let’s briefly revisit the five points of essential lore: </p>
<uldata-type="List"data-style="Bullet">
@ -46,26 +45,23 @@
<em>(Metroid, Metroid II: Return of Samus)</em>
</p>
<h3id="h3289">
<aid=""></a>Referencing </h3>
<aid=""></a>Referencing
</h3>
<p> Each story section includes one or more of the below superscript annotations, to help inform the reader as to where the lore or speculation comes from. A brief key: </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqg21aub0sljpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqg21aub0sljpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqg21aub0sljpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqg21aub0sljpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqg21aub0sljpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqg21aub0sljpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqg21aub0sljpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> On an unknown planet in the universe, a race of avian humanoids evolved. The species that will come to be known as the Chozo possessed great strength, agility and intelligence. The species is peaceful, and is driven by a social/religious value that nature is sacred. [M1 / MP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqg86aaay9kjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqg86aaay9kjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqg86aaay9kjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqg86aaay9kjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqg86aaay9kjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqg86aaay9kjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqg86aaay9kjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Certain blessed individuals were born with a unique gift – the vague comprehension of events set to take place in the distant future. Driven by these prophecies, the race advanced quickly and became space faring. With abstract predictions of a hostile universe, the Chozo developed powered armour and armaments to defend themselves. Prepared for whatever hostility awaited them, the Chozo explored the stars. [M1 / MP / MP SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqgmn6fovtyjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqgmn6fovtyjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqgmn6fovtyjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqgmn6fovtyjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqgmn6fovtyjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqgmn6fovtyjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqgmn6fovtyjpg.jpg 470w"/>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</figure>
<p> (<em>Artist: Elearia</em>) </p>
<p> The Chozo discovered that – despite their prophets’ visions of a chaotic and warring universe – the cosmos was enjoying a prolonged period of peace and enlightenment. First contact was made with a number of old and wise races, such as the Ylla, the N’kren, the Bryyonians, the Alimbic and the Luminoth. The species shared their cultures and technology, and gently colonised wild worlds such as Aether, Elysia, and Tallon IV. [MP / MPH / MP2 / MP3] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqgp7wzq6v9jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqgp7wzq6v9jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqgp7wzq6v9jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqgp7wzq6v9jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqgp7wzq6v9jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqgp7wzq6v9jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqgp7wzq6v9jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqgqj9kac9hjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqgqj9kac9hjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqgqj9kac9hjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqgqj9kac9hjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqgqj9kac9hjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqgqj9kac9hjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqgqj9kac9hjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> During this calm, the Chozo prophets continued to receive increasingly severe visions of chaos. They foresaw a universe consumed by war, horrors evolving on distant worlds, and a great toxicity waiting to be unleashed. As the visions became more precise, the species isolated itself from its allies. The Chozo civilisation became intensely driven to fight this unclear threat. [MP / MP3 SP / M2 SP /MF SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqgrykgsndujpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqgrykgsndujpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqgrykgsndujpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqgrykgsndujpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqgrykgsndujpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqgrykgsndujpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqgrykgsndujpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The Chozo needed more potent tools to locate this unseen and distant danger. They expanded their SkyTown colony on the gas giant Elysia and remade it into a vast interstellar observatory powered by the planet’s endless storms. The facility was of such scale that an entire species of artificial life became necessary to maintain it. The Chozo created their first species – the mechanical Elysians. [MP3 / MP3 SP] </p>
<p> Probes were launched across the universe, and the Elysians and Chozo scrutinised the data. The search took generations, while the planet’s tempestuous atmosphere battered SkyTown, weathering the station faster than the Elysians could maintain it. After countless probe launches, a partial transmission received from a decaying and distant satellite set prophecy in motion. [MP3] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqgtjse9p7rjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqgtjse9p7rjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqgtjse9p7rjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqgtjse9p7rjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqgtjse9p7rjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqgtjse9p7rjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqgtjse9p7rjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The data received was terrifying. The blue planet registered as an organism, somehow existing as both mineral and flesh. Impossible radiation pulsed from the surface, which overwhelmed the Chozo satellite and rendered it inert. The location of the planet was immediately lost, and only a broad region of space could be established. [MP3] </p>
<p> With this find, the Chozo purpose on SkyTown was fulfilled. The race departed the facility, leaving the Elysians to continue their monitoring of the stars. The abandoned race of robots continued to launch satellites to try and rediscover the blue world, hopeful that such a discovery would herald the return of their Chozo creators. The Elysians searched unsuccessfully until Elysia’s endless storms eroded their civilisation into a rusted remnant. [MP3] </p>
<p> The Chozo reconciled their vague discovery of a blue living planet with their prophecies of toxicity. On this distant world of poison, could creatures have evolved so vicious that they endangered the universe? [MP3 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqgy9h1t7injpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqgy9h1t7injpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqgy9h1t7injpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqgy9h1t7injpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqgy9h1t7injpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqgy9h1t7injpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqgy9h1t7injpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Finding the exact location of the deadly planet becomes a priority for the Chozo civilisation. A gargantuan ship was assembled on the holy planet of Tallon IV, and dispatched to the dark corner of the universe where the Elysian satellite had been lost. The greatest Chozo warriors, scientists and prophets commenced a crusade for the hostile world, knowing that they would likely never make it back home. During their long journey, they conceive a name for their target: Phaaze. [MP3 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhapd1bv1hjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhapd1bv1hjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhapd1bv1hjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqhapd1bv1hjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhapd1bv1hjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhapd1bv1hjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhapd1bv1hjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Generations passed, and the Chozo expedition finally located the blue planet. As they approached, they witnessed the living world as it endlessly pulsed with blue and white energies. There was nothing like this place elsewhere in the universe. [MP3 SP] </p>
<p> Their scans confirmed their worst fears – this atmosphere was a bath of radiation and mutation – and evolution had produced horrors. [MP3 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhdvss5le8jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhdvss5le8jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhdvss5le8jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqhdvss5le8jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhdvss5le8jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhdvss5le8jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhdvss5le8jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> For billions of years, Phaaze had mutated and irradiated life that evolved on its surface. The strongest creatures had survived to thrive in an ecosystem of beautiful poison. It was then that the Chozo understood: They had arrived at the home of the most devastating and deranged creatures in the known universe. [MP3 SP] </p>
@ -172,33 +151,27 @@
<p> A dangerous plan was agreed upon. The expedition ship landed on Phaaze, exposing the crew to tremendous radiation. [MP3 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhfmxw5dphjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhfmxw5dphjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhfmxw5dphjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqhfmxw5dphjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhfmxw5dphjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhfmxw5dphjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhfmxw5dphjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Chozo Warriors in power suits fought the planet’s creatures as they swarmed the ship. The soldiers battled, watching their kin die around them, in a desperate mission to buy time. [MP3 SP] </p>
<p> The scientists within the ship began to harness the intense radiation around them, to try and engineer an artificial predator that could neutralise the planet’s superpredators. With access to the unique Phazon mutagen that covered the poisonous world, genetic engineering that should have taken decades was done in days. The Chozo engineered the first Metroid. [MP3 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhh28q856sjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhh28q856sjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhh28q856sjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqhh28q856sjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhh28q856sjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhh28q856sjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhh28q856sjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The Metroid creature was unleashed onto the planet, and the radiation caused it to reproduce quickly. The resulting swarm of Metroids began to consume the planet’s monstrosities and established themselves as Phaaze’s apex predator. [MP3 SP] </p>
<p> The Chozo mission was complete. The worst creatures were being hunted to extinction, and the Metroids were expected to die from starvation soon after. The cost had been enormous – most of the crew had been killed defending the ship, and the survivors were deathly ill from radiation poisoning. The burnt and damaged ship took off for the long journey home, but the crew soon succumbed to the radiation they had endured. The autopilot took the ship of Chozo bodies home. [MP3 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhipfm1vidjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhipfm1vidjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhipfm1vidjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqhipfm1vidjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhipfm1vidjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhipfm1vidjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhipfm1vidjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> On Phaaze, the Metroid presence lasted decades as they consumed the planet’s superpredators. The corpses of Chozo warriors were absorbed into the planet, and their battle armour slowly became weathered and scattered. The planet’s slow sentience developed an outrage that seethed under its continents. It had been violated by the Chozo. As the Metroid infestation began to die out, Phaaze developed a very primitive concept of purpose and retribution. [MP3 SP] </p>
@ -206,36 +179,31 @@
<p> The expedition ship – heavily damaged by radiation and lack of maintenance – was guided back to civilisation by an increasingly erratic auto-pilot. After decades it eventually approached the Chozo world of Zebes, and crash-landed onto its surface. The Chozo civilisation attempted to recover data logs from the wreckage with very limited success – they were able to understand the sacrifice that the heroic crew had made, and confirmed the apparent success of the Metroids in neutralising the creatures on the living planet. The Chozo authorities were unable to establish the location of Phaaze, or recover much in the way of scientific data concerning it. [MP3 SP / SM SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhkgkmizwijpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhkgkmizwijpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhkgkmizwijpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqhkgkmizwijpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhkgkmizwijpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhkgkmizwijpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhkgkmizwijpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> As the Tallon IV seed began its centuries of travelling through space, the lone Metroid within absorbed vast amounts of Phazon and radiation. It became self-aware, and grew in size, intelligence and strength. It used the ruined pieces of Chozo armour to construct itself an exoskeleton, and descended into madness. The exoskeleton failed to protect the creature from the endless radiation, and the Metroid became as exotic as Phaaze’s extinct superpredators: An undying tortured genius. [MP / MP2 / MP3 / MP3 SP] </p>
<p> The creature that would come to be known as Metroid Prime resented Phaaze for imprisoning it in the Leviathan. It resented the Chozo for creating and discarding the Metroids. It decided that it would survive, bring order to the chaotic universe that birthed it, and somehow enslave Phaaze to its will. In its solitude, immortal as a consequence of its mutations, Metroid Prime plotted its revenge against the universe. [MP / MP2 / MP3 / MP3 SP] </p>
<h3id="h3293">
<aid=""></a>The Dark Planet </h3>
<aid=""></a>The Dark Planet
</h3>
<p> With a clear understanding of the danger of living planets, the Chozo authority commenced a search for similar threats. With far more advanced technology than their ancestors had during the Elysian era, the Chozo were unfortunate enough to find a planet of even greater horrors. [MP 3 SP / M2] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhnuwesum0jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhnuwesum0jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhnuwesum0jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqhnuwesum0jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhnuwesum0jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhnuwesum0jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhnuwesum0jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The Chozo detected strange readings coming from a world in a desolate part of the galaxy. The planet had been previously considered so obscure and unimportant that it didn’t have a name, merely catalogued with the codename SR388 and left to its obscurity. A detailed analysis picked up some extremely strange observations; though seemingly mineral, the caverns and liquids beneath the surface shifted with metabolic rhythm – as if the whole planet was somehow a living thing. A ship was dispatched, and the strongest Chozo warriors braved the caverns beneath the surface. [M2 / M2 SP] </p>
<p> Few made it back. They told of a cauldron of evil, an environment so hostile and vicious that it had birthed the most terrible things. [M2] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhokjxzrgmjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhokjxzrgmjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhokjxzrgmjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqhokjxzrgmjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhokjxzrgmjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhokjxzrgmjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhokjxzrgmjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Beneath that planet, evolution had been won by an abomination that could steal the flesh, abilities, memories and strengths of all of its prey. The creature was a fusion of energy and plasma that parasitized on life itself. With no word suitable for the nightmare they had discovered, the Chozo simply called it X. If these X-Parasites somehow gained access to the wider universe, there would be no force that could contain them. [M2] </p>
@ -243,21 +211,17 @@
<p> Deep in the planet, a glass laboratory was created, its walls highly resistant to SR388’s acid belly. Here, in dangerous proximity to the X-Parasites, the Chozo scientists began their work. [M2] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhrsyn6h9wjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhrsyn6h9wjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhrsyn6h9wjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqhrsyn6h9wjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhrsyn6h9wjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhrsyn6h9wjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhrsyn6h9wjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The Chozo tried to recreate the plan of their ancestors – the use of Metroids to pacify superpredators too dangerous to exist. Without access to the same planetary radiation and materials the Phaaze expedition had, progress was slow. As the war against the planet was raging around them, the Chozo scientists were able to engineer Metroids, but not a variant strong enough to overcome the X-Parasites. As more and more Chozo died protecting the laboratory, a different approach was needed. [M2 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqht0ddb9ozjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqht0ddb9ozjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqht0ddb9ozjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqht0ddb9ozjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqht0ddb9ozjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqht0ddb9ozjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqht0ddb9ozjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The Chozo succeeded in engineering a Metroid Queen, a colossal creature who would lay Metroid Hatchling eggs. When hatched, these resulting Metroids were strong and durable creatures, and finally potent enough to combat the X menace. The Chozo knew that to completely suppress the parasites, the Metroid presence on SR388 had to be permanent. To ensure that the species would not overfeed on the environment and wipe out its food chains, the scientists hardwired an instinct into the Metroid Queen’s feral mind: Only thirty-nine Metroids were to exist on the planet at any one time. This, it was hoped, would keep their numbers high enough to destroy any X re-emergence, but low enough so that they wouldn’t consume the rest of the life on the planet, and starve to death from lack of food. [M2] </p>
@ -266,11 +230,9 @@
<p> The X-Parasites did not return, and the Metroid Queen continued to scream as her glass prison shook. The Chozo didn’t realise it, but her despair was being heard. [M2 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhuzegzvcfjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhuzegzvcfjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhuzegzvcfjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqhuzegzvcfjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqhuzegzvcfjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqhuzegzvcfjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqhuzegzvcfjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> SR388 had been violated by the Chozo. Though very different to Phaaze, SR388 had its own vague sense of awareness. It perceived the Chozo as a viral infection, and the dead X-Parasites as part of itself. It understood loss, and shook with ancient rage. [MP3 SP / M2 SP / MF SP] </p>
@ -278,63 +240,56 @@
<p> Alpha, Gamma, Zeta and Omega Metroids spawned quickly, and responded to the screams of their Queen. With their bulk and strength, they smashed through the glass laboratory and slaughtered their Chozo creators. The Chozo warriors were hunted down and crushed. [M2] </p>
<p> SR388 developed into a new cauldron of hostility. The Metroids served as the apex predator, and the robots of the Chozo decayed into machine madness and prowled the ruins, killing on sight. The Chozo mission to suppress the X-Parasite had been a success, but the planet had gained its revenge. [M2 / M2 SP / MF] </p>
<h2id="h3294">
<aid=""></a>Part Two: The End of the Renaissance </h2>
<aid=""></a>Part Two: The End of the Renaissance
</h2>
<h3id="h3295">
<aid=""></a>The Holy World </h3>
<aid=""></a>The Holy World
</h3>
<p> The Chozo had devastated two planets for the good of the universe, and sustained many causalities. The superpredators of Phaaze were extinct and the X-Parasites were permanently suppressed. With the crisis over, the race became consumed with a collective sense of guilt over their necessary actions. The Chozo believed the life of the universe to be sacred, and had to reconcile their aggressive actions with their faith. [MP SP / MP3 SP / M2 / MF] </p>
<p> Worse still, their prophets continued to have visions of endless conflict and death. War was coming to the universe, and it seemed that their sins had not saved them. Many began to doubt these visions, and a schism occurred. [MP/ MP3 SP] </p>
<p> The bulk of the Chozo civilisation retired themselves from galactic affairs, leaving only a few scattered colonies amongst the stars. The race retreated to the holy planet of Tallon IV, to shun their technologies and begin simpler, poetic lives. These Chozo reconnected themselves to the natural world and tried to find a harmony with it. As time went on, the most potent prophets became manic, and tried to warn their fellows of a great poison that was to come. [M1 / MP] </p>
<p> These visions were met with increasing dismissal, but the day finally came when the prophets were believed. After eons swimming in the stars, Phaaze’s seed entered the Tallon system. [MP / MP3] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqidecyjp0ujpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqidecyjp0ujpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqidecyjp0ujpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqidecyjp0ujpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqidecyjp0ujpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqidecyjp0ujpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqidecyjp0ujpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The Leviathan crashed down, and rained poison and death unto the world. The impact survivors watched as their sacred nature succumbed to the mutagens leaking from the seed, and barricaded themselves in their temples as the flora and fauna transformed. Phazon spread beneath the surface of the dying planet, and radiation storms battered the surface. [MP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqiejsfe664jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqiejsfe664jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqiejsfe664jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqiejsfe664jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqiejsfe664jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqiejsfe664jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqiejsfe664jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The Chozos’ punishment for their sins, and the fulfilment of Phaaze’s wrath, reached biblical proportions. The Chozo of Tallon IV did not get to rest in peace. Their life energies suffered from Phazon disruption, and upon death they became mad ghosts who screamed forever as they were torn in and out of the material world. In this purgatory, the undead immaterial Chozo murdered anyone they could find. [MP / MP3 SP] </p>
<p> As their numbers dwindled, the last of the Chozo constructed a great temple above the impact crater. Within this temple, they used what little technology remained to project an energy field around the Leviathan to slow the spread of contagion. As the Chozo civilisation on Tallon IV was extinguished, their dying prophets told of a hero who would one day emerge, to enter the crater and defeat the evil worm within. [MP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqigaxkohx4jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqigaxkohx4jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqigaxkohx4jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqigaxkohx4jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqigaxkohx4jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqigaxkohx4jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqigaxkohx4jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Within the Impact Crater, Metroid Prime remained trapped within the Chozo energy field. In its armour constructed from ancient Chozo power suits, it continued its wait to be unleashed on the universe. [MP / MP3 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqiho9ab5xrjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqiho9ab5xrjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqiho9ab5xrjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqiho9ab5xrjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqiho9ab5xrjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqiho9ab5xrjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqiho9ab5xrjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> On the planet Aether, an ancient race of mystics known as the Luminoth received the horrifying data coming from Tallon IV. In distant times, the Luminoth and the Chozo had been steadfast allies – until the Chozo retreat ended their ties. Desperate to assist, the Luminoth began to organise a rescue mission. [MP2 / MP2 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqijbga70tljpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqijbga70tljpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqijbga70tljpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqijbga70tljpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqijbga70tljpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqijbga70tljpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqijbga70tljpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> A dark transmission was received from Tallon IV. The image showed a screaming, ghostly Chozo figure, flickering in and out of the living universe. In its undead madness, it spoke for its kin. It raged that they would kill anyone who would set foot on their world. The planet was pandemonium, a cursed world on which the dead could not die. As the signal faded, the Luminoth realised that there was no one left alive to rescue. [MP SP / MP2 SP] </p>
@ -342,161 +297,142 @@
<p> The people of Aether turned to their technology to save them. Their planet had no native star of its own, and had been implanted millennia ago with a complex energy network that sustained all life. This system was reverently called the Light of Aether, and harnessed the light of the universe in its mechanism. The Luminoth realised that even with this great power, they could not destroy the Phazon Leviathan. A different approach was needed. [MP2 / MP2 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqim04ra2w5jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqim04ra2w5jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqim04ra2w5jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqim04ra2w5jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqim04ra2w5jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqim04ra2w5jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqim04ra2w5jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The Luminoth used their great Light to engineer a small pocket universe, a dark lifeless echo of existence. The plan was bold: they would use the Light of Aether to surgically open the fabric of reality in the path of the Phazon seed, and allow it to harmlessly enter the pocket universe. If all went well, they would be saved. [MP2 SP] </p>
<p> The day came, and the Leviathan entered Aether’s atmosphere. The Luminoth commenced their great plan. [MP2 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqimznelg78jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqimznelg78jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqimznelg78jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqimznelg78jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqimznelg78jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqimznelg78jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqimznelg78jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Phaaze’s seed was a sum of living materials beyond Luminoth comprehension. It hit the pocket universe with incalculable force, and a tsunami of exotic energy ruptured space and time. The equipment containing the dark reality lost containment within moments, and the Luminoth were helpless as their creation expanded across the entire planet. A wave of dark energy absorbed creatures, structures and land into the dark universe, and what was once a single planet – was now two. [MP2 / MP2 SP] </p>
<p> The Luminoth surveyed the devastation. The Phazon seed was gone – it had indeed collided with the dark universe. Entire continents, with millions of inhabitants, had vanished with it. [MP2 / MP2 SP </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqiocyxn4ksjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqiocyxn4ksjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqiocyxn4ksjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqiocyxn4ksjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqiocyxn4ksjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqiocyxn4ksjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqiocyxn4ksjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> In the dark universe, a grotesque world was being born. Previous inhabitants of Aether, having been absorbed when containment of the pocket universe was lost, found themselves twisted by the corrosive new reality around them. Most perished, and their flesh fed the strange carnivorous fungi that glowed sickly colours. Some survivors were mutated by the Phazon slowly spreading beneath the surface, and adapted to survive in the hostility. [MP2 SP] </p>
<p> Aether and its echo, the Phazon-infested Dark Aether, existed in synchronicity. As the Luminoth tried to rebuild their planet, it took only decades for cracks to form in the ether separating the two realities. As rips in the universe shattered open, Aether became a battlefield. [MP2] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqiq826qgjkjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqiq826qgjkjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqiq826qgjkjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqiq826qgjkjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqiq826qgjkjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqiq826qgjkjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqiq826qgjkjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> A womb of Phazon mutation and dark energies had birthed a cunning and ferocious horde. The Ing erupted through the cracks between the two worlds, and commenced slaughter. They were fought back by the Luminoth, and a war began between the two parallel worlds. The Ing invaded Aether with regularity, and killed, pillaged and destroyed all that they could find. The Luminoth retaliated and crusaded into Dark Aether in their Light Suits, on suicide missions to exterminate the source of the Ing menace. Both sides suffered colossal casualties as the decades went on. [MP2] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqirpbvm7a1jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqirpbvm7a1jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqirpbvm7a1jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqirpbvm7a1jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqirpbvm7a1jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqirpbvm7a1jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqirpbvm7a1jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The war was being lost by the Luminoth. The Ing had exterminated most of their race and had stolen too many vital technologies. With the theft of essential energy components from the Light of Aether power network, they had become a defeated people. [MP2] </p>
<p> The Ing had destroyed all of Aether’s ancient ships, and condemned the Luminoth to no escape from their doomed world. With no other choice, the survivors sealed themselves in an inner sanctum, and entered a state of suspended animation. One custodian, U-Mos, volunteered to be their guardian. As Aether became weaker and weaker, the Luminoth waited for someone to save them. They would wait a very long time. [MP2] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqitehsufhejpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqitehsufhejpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqitehsufhejpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqitehsufhejpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqitehsufhejpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqitehsufhejpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqitehsufhejpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> As the Chozo and the Luminoth fell, so too did other ancient races. In a distant part of the universe, the Alimbics were a militaristic society that maintained peace in their galactic cluster. Their order was shattered when a murderous entity, originating from someplace beyond the understood universe, plummeted into one of their worlds. The creature emerged from the devastation as a gaseous entity, and assumed an Alimbic-styled body to begin its onslaught. [MPH] </p>
<p> This alien juggernaut was named Gorea by the Alimbic race, and they soon understood it brought only death. Gorea killed every Alimbic it could find, and destroyed everything in its path. Planet after planet fell to Gorea, and the Alimbics realised the creature would never stop. [MPH] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqiuxqv4hadjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqiuxqv4hadjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqiuxqv4hadjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqiuxqv4hadjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqiuxqv4hadjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqiuxqv4hadjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqiuxqv4hadjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The Alimbics performed an act of supreme sacrifice. They combined the mental energies of their entire race to forge a prison for Gorea. The psychic prison held it bound, and it was transplanted into an organic vessel called The Oubliette. The vessel was launched into the void outside of the universe, a course that would keep its indestructible prisoner in exile forever. The systems of the prison ship were tasked to scan the every molecule of the imprisoned Gorea, and devise an Omega weapon that could be used to kill it. [MPH / MPH SP] </p>
<p> The mental energies expelled in this plan consumed the physical bodies of the entire Alimbic race. They vanished from the universe in an instant. Their sacrifice protected all life in the cosmos from Gorea’s murderous rampage. [MPH] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqixy9iqkrejpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqixy9iqkrejpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqixy9iqkrejpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqixy9iqkrejpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqixy9iqkrejpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqixy9iqkrejpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqixy9iqkrejpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> As the old races of the universe died around them, the lizard people of Bryyo faced their own challenges. The Bryyonians were an advanced, space-faring race who had learned much from their Chozo allies. Their society was a deeply polarised one, with tensions eternal between the scientific and religious factions.[MP3] </p>
<p> Over the previous centuries, the scientific agenda had dominated, with space travel proving beneficial and enlightening. As the Chozo, Luminoth and Alimbics faced extinction, the religious Bryyonians believed more than ever that the universe was a hostile place, and became desperate to stop their scientific counterparts. [MP3] </p>
<p> A great war exploded across Bryyo. By its end, the scholars had been wiped out and the survivors of both sides had regressed to a feral existence. The race devolved into animals, wandering around ruins that they no longer understood. Language vanished and strength ruled. Anyone who landed on Bryyo was meat, to be killed and eaten. [MP3] </p>
<h3id="h3299">
<aid=""></a>The Little Rainy Planet </h3>
<aid=""></a>The Little Rainy Planet
</h3>
<p> The onslaught of vengeances, conquerors, poisons and politics destroyed the old races. The Alimbics had lost their flesh, while the Bryyonians had lost their souls. The Luminoth had retreated into stasis, and the Chozo of Tallon IV had been condemned to a living death. [MP / MPH / MP2 / MP3] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqiznfcy0icjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqiznfcy0icjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqiznfcy0icjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqiznfcy0icjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqiznfcy0icjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqiznfcy0icjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqiznfcy0icjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> On a small, rainy planet called Zebes, the last known Chozo colony had watched the stars with impotence. This small settlement of the nearly-extinct avian race witnessed the end of the great universal renaissance, and the slow beginning of a new chapter in galactic history. Gradually, the younger races were launching their first satellites into space. In time, new empires would rise to take the place of the old. [M1 / M1 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqj0sv6pheljpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqj0sv6pheljpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqj0sv6pheljpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqj0sv6pheljpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqj0sv6pheljpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqj0sv6pheljpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqj0sv6pheljpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Zebes prophets’ saw the visions the Chozo had always endured: great wars, spreading poison and death. And suddenly, something bold was foreseen. [M1 SP / MP3 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqj1sdn0v6rjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqj1sdn0v6rjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqj1sdn0v6rjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqj1sdn0v6rjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqj1sdn0v6rjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqj1sdn0v6rjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqj1sdn0v6rjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> A great hunter, clad in orange, red and green. The Chozo glimpsed a future hero, alone in the darkness beneath worlds, fighting so that good could survive evil. They saw her curing poisoned planets, and ending galactic wars. They saw the universe’s one chance to survive its apocalyptic future. They saw the only one who could defy prophecy. [M1 / MP3 SP] </p>
<p> And they saw her wearing Chozo armour. [M1] </p>
<h2id="h3300">
<aid=""></a>Part Three: The New Empires </h2>
<aid=""></a>Part Three: The New Empires
</h2>
<h3id="h3301">
<aid=""></a>The Humans </h3>
<aid=""></a>The Humans
</h3>
<p> On the planet Earth, the human race had finally developed a ship capable of leaving their solar system. A brave crew ventured into the universe to learn whether life existed elsewhere. Their discoveries fundamentally changed the human condition. On planet after planet, they found ruined tombs and cities, guarded by weathered statues of dead races. Most significant of all, they found technology. [M1 SP] </p>
<p> The humans reverse engineered their salvage, and advanced with pace. Within another century, faster-than-light ships explored the stars, and colonies transformed hostile worlds into homes. Peaceful relations formed between other younger races, and a great Galactic Federation was founded. [M1 SP] </p>
<h3id="h3302">
<aid=""></a>The Space Pirates </h3>
<aid=""></a>The Space Pirates
</h3>
<p> In a less hospitable region of space, a cabal of battered races joined their forces to survive. On planets where acid rain burned flesh and magma flowed, the alliance expanded into a hardened space empire. They ventured into nearby systems and took what they needed from anyone they could reach. They found the ruins of the old races and ransacked the ancient technologies within. They immersed themselves in science and unlocked the secrets of their finds. Within decades, they had advanced their spread with stronger and faster ships. The creatures enhanced themselves, rewriting their genetics and integrating mechanisms beneath their flesh. They were unique: a cybernetic race of furious murderers with a skill for patient scientific process. As more planets were invaded, their conquered civilisations were conscripted by force. [M1 SP / MP / MP3] </p>
<p> The inevitable moment came when their Empire reached the borders of the vast Galactic Federation. [M1 SP / MP / MP3] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqjuebmfw70jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqjuebmfw70jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqjuebmfw70jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqjuebmfw70jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqjuebmfw70jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqjuebmfw70jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqjuebmfw70jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> First contact was brief and furious. On that day, the warning went out to all the worlds of the Federation: Beware the Space Pirates. Though no state of war was officially declared, the empires attacked each other on sight. The Galactic Federation was large enough to repress any meaningful incursions into their space. [M1 SP / MP SP / MP3 SP / SM SP] </p>
<h3id="h3303">
<aid=""></a>The Massacre of Two Families </h3>
<aid=""></a>The Massacre of Two Families
</h3>
<p> The Galactic Federation discovered the last Chozo Colony on Zebes. The tired, ancient avians welcomed the humans and shared with them wisdom and knowledge. They offered the Galactic Federation new sciences, and taught them how to make organic computers. The Federation studied the Chozo’s own central processing unit, an engineered brain that mothered over their colony, and left with plans to assemble their own variants. On the nearest habitable planet of K-2L, a colony was established. [M1 / MP3 SP] </p>
<p> On this world, the human Samus Aran was born. [M1] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqjw7ft0zj5jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqjw7ft0zj5jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqjw7ft0zj5jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqjw7ft0zj5jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqjw7ft0zj5jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqjw7ft0zj5jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqjw7ft0zj5jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Barely out of infancy, the young Samus witnessed her family die. A Space Pirate raiding party overwhelmed her colony and murdered everyone she ever knew. By staying silent while surrounded by horror, Samus survived as the Pirates ransacked the settlement and left. [M1] </p>
@ -504,60 +440,52 @@
<p> Across the colony, the Prophets experienced a simultaneous moment of clarity. They understood immediately that they had found their prophesised hero. The young girl was their inheritor, and would grow strong. She would learn all she could from them, and take their strongest technologies into the universe. She would be the hero against the oncoming storm. [M1 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqjz9xd98ltjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqjz9xd98ltjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqjz9xd98ltjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqjz9xd98ltjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqjz9xd98ltjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqjz9xd98ltjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqjz9xd98ltjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Samus Aran reached maturity amongst the Chozo. She was trained in the combat arts of the great extinct races. She was infused with Chozo genetic material so she could employ their technologies. She was educated to be a scientist, an explorer, and a tactician. Everything that was good about the Chozo civilisation was allowed to live on in Samus. [M1] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqjzzky4ffnjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqjzzky4ffnjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqjzzky4ffnjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqjzzky4ffnjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqjzzky4ffnjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqjzzky4ffnjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqjzzky4ffnjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Samus became an adult, and the Chozo presented her with their greatest works: a toughened power suit and an agile spacecraft, both more potent than anything their race had ever made. The Chozo leader, decaying and blind, told Samus it was time for her to find her destiny in the universe. Samus Aran departed for the stars, and years pass. [M1 / M1 SP] </p>
<p> As Samus tried to reconnect with her heritage on Earth, the last Chozo prophets on Zebes received a final vision: The Space Pirates were coming for them. It was time for the last Chozo to be extinguished from the universe. [M1 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqk1guma1bojpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqk1guma1bojpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqk1guma1bojpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqk1guma1bojpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqk1guma1bojpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqk1guma1bojpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqk1guma1bojpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The Chozo hid their technologies throughout the planet, in places that they were certain Samus would find them. They concealed a second Power Suit within the walls of their holy temple, having foreseen that Samus may require it in the future. They then returned to the surface to await the inevitable. [M1 SP] </p>
<p> The Space Pirates invaded in force, and murdered Samus Aran’s second family. The Chozo became extinct. [M1 / MP SP] </p>
<h3id="h3304">
<aid=""></a>The Mother Brain </h3>
<aid=""></a>The Mother Brain
</h3>
<p> Space Pirate scientists arrived shortly after the carnage and focused their attention on the legendary Chozo organic central processing unit. They rewrote its benign programming and injected stimulants into its flesh. They enabled it to form an artificial intelligence obsessed with strategy and conquest. They drove its computational potential towards absolute advancement of the Space Pirate Empire. [M1 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqk2icdbv0cjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqk2icdbv0cjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqk2icdbv0cjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqk2icdbv0cjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqk2icdbv0cjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqk2icdbv0cjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqk2icdbv0cjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> The results went beyond High Command’s most optimistic projections. The Space Pirates had created a leader, a desperately needed figure to unite their fragmented empire. They had created their Mother Brain. The great Space Pirate generals Ridley and Kraid arrived at Zebes, ready to pay tribute to their new master and to plan for the future. Mother Brain delivered to the Space Pirates knowledge and power. She told them of a world referenced in her oldest Chozo databanks, a planet bathed in a mutagenic poison waiting to be farmed. She instructed High Command to prepare an armada of ships and invade the planet Tallon IV. [M1 / MP SP] </p>
<p> The order was followed immediately, and the High Command discovered a world deranged by contagion. Beneath its surface, endless pools of Phazon waited to be weaponised, and a great mining operation began. Mother Brain received data from their readings on the planet; even after thousands of years, the source of the Phazon was still contained in the Chozo force field. She scrutinised her records further, and was unable to ascertain any method of breaching the barrier. The Space Pirates could retrieve the Phazon, but were denied access to its source. [MP] </p>
<h3id="h3305">
<aid=""></a>The Metroids </h3>
<aid=""></a>The Metroids
</h3>
<p> A perfect storm brewed. As the Space Pirates gained access to the most potent mutagen in the universe, the Galactic Federation made an equally eventful discovery: They found the dark planet SR388. [M1 / M2] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqk5mt4ocetjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqk5mt4ocetjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqk5mt4ocetjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqk5mt4ocetjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqk5mt4ocetjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqk5mt4ocetjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqk5mt4ocetjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> A Galactic Federation survey team studied the surface, and soon encountered a gelatinous creature that swam through air. The alien defied gravity and physics as it phased through dense rock with ease. It perceived the survey team, and made a few curious chirps in their direction. It then suddenly changed temperament, aggressively charging to latch itself onto the skull of one of the party. The victim died in agony as the Metroid fed on all the energy within, and could not be removed until its prey had been reduced to a dried husk of collapsing matter. The young Metroid had just killed, in a way that science could not explain. [M1 SP / M2 SP] </p>
@ -567,148 +495,126 @@
<p> The Space Pirates overran the Galactic Federation vessel and stole the Metroid creatures. They divided their prize: some were sent to their nearest Homeworld; others were sent to the Tallon IV outpost; and the most potent were delivered straight to Zebes for the experiments of Mother Brain. [M1 / MP / MP3] </p>
<p> With the arrival of the first Phazon samples from Tallon IV, the exotic substance allowed the Space Pirates to slowly produce stable cloned Metroids across their breeding sites. [M1 SP / MP SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqk7ps96cb3jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqk7ps96cb3jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqk7ps96cb3jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqk7ps96cb3jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqk7ps96cb3jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqk7ps96cb3jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqk7ps96cb3jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> In her first mission as a Bounty Hunter, Samus Arran was commissioned by the Galactic Federation to neutralise the stolen Metroids. Through careful investigation, Samus discovered that the Pirates are operating from Zebes – her home. She concluded that the Space Pirates had murdered her second family, as they had done with her first. They have took from her everyone she ever loved, and destroyed her two worlds. [M1] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqk8x71i4gnjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqk8x71i4gnjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqk8x71i4gnjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqk8x71i4gnjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqk8x71i4gnjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqk8x71i4gnjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqk8x71i4gnjpg.jpg 470w"/>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</figure>
<p> (<span><adata-ga="[["Embedded Url","External link","http://stuarthughe.deviantart.com/art/Samus-Varia-322194081",{"metric25":1}]]"href="http://stuarthughe.deviantart.com/art/Samus-Varia-322194081"target="_blank"rel="noopener noreferrer"><em>Artist: Stuart Hughe</em></a></span>) </p>
<p> Samus stormed Zebes and killed everyone in her path. [M1] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkachpcz0ijpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkachpcz0ijpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkachpcz0ijpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqkachpcz0ijpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkachpcz0ijpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkachpcz0ijpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkachpcz0ijpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> As her defences were breached, Mother Brain unleashed the great generals Ridley and Kraid. Both were killled, and, desperate to stop the intruder, Mother Brain released the Metroids. Samus Aran exterminated the creatures, and invaded the inner sanctum. [M1] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkbhxb2ugpjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkbhxb2ugpjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkbhxb2ugpjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqkbhxb2ugpjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkbhxb2ugpjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkbhxb2ugpjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkbhxb2ugpjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Samus confronted the malevolent Mother Brain and blasted apart her body. A power overload was caused, and the Tourian facility shook itself apart. Samus evacuated to her ship and tried to leave Zebes, but a Space Pirate battleship in orbit registered her ascent and opened fire. Samus’ gunship plummeted back towards the Zebes and impacted Chozodia, her former home. [M1] </p>
<p> Extremely lucky to be alive, Samus crawled out of the remains of her destroyed power suit, and fled as Space Pirate forces stormed the area. Samus hid, crawled and ran to find sanctuary in the deepest part of the Chozo’s most revered temple. [M1] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkdb1egv73jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkdb1egv73jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkdb1egv73jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqkdb1egv73jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkdb1egv73jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkdb1egv73jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkdb1egv73jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Samus found herself surrounded with murals of the dead Chozo, and accepted she was alone in the universe. Overcoming despair, she solved the trials of the Chozodian temple and a concealed power suit was revealed to her. This shining armour was even more potent than the one she had just lost, and was able to integrate the most exotic Chozo technologies. Samus realised the greater meaning of her find; the Chozo had left her gifts for her in places they had foreseen she would traverse. Her adopted family continued to protect her long after their deaths, and she would find their statues cradling survival equipment in the darkest corners of the cosmos. [M1 / MP / MP3 / M2 / SM] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkeig3z5btjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkeig3z5btjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkeig3z5btjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqkeig3z5btjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkeig3z5btjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkeig3z5btjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkeig3z5btjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> With her new armaments, Samus cleansed the Space Pirate presence from Zebes. She came to be known as “The Hunter”, and the Space Pirates learned that they will always be hunted down for what they did to her families. They fled the planet in terror. [M1 / MP / MP2 / MP3] </p>
<h3id="h3307">
<aid=""></a>Tallon IV </h3>
<aid=""></a>Tallon IV
</h3>
<p> As years passed, Samus Aran accepted further missions from the Galactic Federation. The bounty earned funded her personal vendetta against the Space Pirates. She improved her armaments, paid for black market information and stormed their outposts. Samus showed her enemies no mercy, and became the feared nemesis of their entire civilisation. With the income from her Federation services, Samus had soon amassed enough money to buy the most secret information regarding the Space Pirates: the coordinates of their stronghold on an old forgotten planet called Tallon IV. [MP1 SP] </p>
<p> Samus guided her ship into the Tallon system and investigated an orbiting space station. She discovered a failed genetic engineering facility whose Space Pirate crew was murdered when they lost control of their own creations. Samus fought her way through the ferocious beasts scattered within, and discovered a half-insane cyborg recreation of the Space Pirate general Ridley. As the station began to collapse, the biomechanical dragon fled to the world below, and Samus pursued. [MP1] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkglfb56vojpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkglfb56vojpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkglfb56vojpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqkglfb56vojpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkglfb56vojpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkglfb56vojpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkglfb56vojpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Samus lost Ridley in the planet’s stormy atmosphere, and elected to land in a nearby jungle to conceal her presence from the Pirate ground forces. Exploring the surroundings, Samus discovered that the planet was once home to the bulk of the extinct Chozo civilisation. In a great temple Samus studied poetic murals that told of the Phazon comet that had struck their world. The scribblings informed her of a creature trapped deep in the comet that they referred to as “The Worm,” and of the powerful shield they erected to prevent its escape. Samus read their last prophecy; that a hero would traverse fire and ice, jungle and cave, and find twelve sacred keys that would deactivate the barrier and allow passage to the Impact Crater. This saviour from the stars would bring down the ancient shield, and destroy the worm that infected their planet. [MP1] </p>
<p> She continued her exploration, and battled ferocious flora and fauna. The Hunter came to understand that the Space Pirates had established a complex military installation that descended far below the surface. [MP1] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkick4w4i9jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkick4w4i9jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkick4w4i9jpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqkick4w4i9jpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkick4w4i9jpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkick4w4i9jpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkick4w4i9jpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Samus hunted the Pirates and accessed their computer logs. The Empire had found quantities of an intensely potent mutagen called Phazon. Laboratories across the outpost experimented with the substance, and in a short space of time they had created prototypes for the next generation of their races: powerful Phazon-fuelled juggernauts. Should these advances continue, Samus knew that the Space Pirates would be able to conquer the Galactic Federation. [MP1] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkje1rl63yjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkje1rl63yjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkje1rl63yjpg.jpg 470w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_scale,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_800/18zqkje1rl63yjpg.jpg 800w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqkje1rl63yjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkje1rl63yjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkje1rl63yjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkje1rl63yjpg.jpg 470w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_scale,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_800/18zqkje1rl63yjpg.jpg 800w"/>
<p> In the most secure laboratory, Samus made a devastating discovery. The Space Pirates had used Phazon to create an army of stable clone Metroids and lost containment. The Metroid creatures were roaming the caverns deep in the planet, reproducing and mutating as the Phazon influenced their physiology. [MP1] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqklb3wp0jajpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqklb3wp0jajpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqklb3wp0jajpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqklb3wp0jajpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqklb3wp0jajpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqklb3wp0jajpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqklb3wp0jajpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Samus’ final discovery was the most horrific. The powerful, poisonous Phazon was not a rare material on Tallon IV. Despite the Chozo shield containing the Impact Crater, the substance had spread and consumed the world inside-out. The core of the planet presented the Space Pirates with a vast supply of Phazon, enough to fuel their conquest of the stars. [MP1] </p>
<p> Samus destroyed the mining facilities and laboratories, and reconstructed the twelve parts of the ancient Chozo cipher. She destroyed living weapons such as the Thardus experiment, and annihilated the prototype Omega Pirate. She overcame corrupted Metroids, and banished the tormented Chozo ghosts from the living world. She fought the mad Meta Ridley, and on his demise deactivated the Chozo containment shield. As prophesised, Samus Aran entered the Impact Crater. [MP1] </p>
<h3id="h3308">
<aid=""></a>The Worm </h3>
<aid=""></a>The Worm
</h3>
<p> Samus Aran had opened Metroid Prime’s cage, and had no understanding of what she was about to unleash on the universe. The creature had been imprisoned in a different era, and had spent eons being tortuously transformed by Phazon into an undying mad genius. [MP1] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkn672gklqjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkn672gklqjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkn672gklqjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqkn672gklqjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkn672gklqjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkn672gklqjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkn672gklqjpg.jpg 470w"/>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</figure>
<p> (<em>Artist: Chrysaetos-Pteron</em>) </p>
<p> Samus and the ancient Metroid battled, and the bounty hunter shattered the creature’s metal armour. By channelling the surrounding Phazon deposits into a supercharged energy beam, Samus was able to devastate Metroid Prime’s gelatinous body. After a tremendous battle, the old creature began to collapse on itself. [MP1] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkodlj2z8kjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkodlj2z8kjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkodlj2z8kjpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqkodlj2z8kjpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkodlj2z8kjpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkodlj2z8kjpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkodlj2z8kjpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Seemingly dying, Metroid Prime lashed out, grabbing a layer of material from Samus Aran’s armour. The creature melted into a pool of Phazon particles, and the bounty hunter evacuated the Impact Crater. [MP1] </p>
<p> Samus Aran had seemingly succeeded in her mission. The surviving Space Pirates abandoned their devastated facilities and hastily evacuated the planet. With the defeat of Metroid Prime, the Phazon contagion was slowly stopping its spread. The tormented Chozo spirits that had been bound to the planet were finally able to achieve their rest. Leaving the world to recover from its devastation, Samus Aran headed back to the stars. [MP1 / MP1 SP] </p>
<h3id="h3309">
<aid=""></a>The Dark Hunter </h3>
<aid=""></a>The Dark Hunter
</h3>
<p> Metroid Prime’s exposure to millennia of Phazon had given the creature extremely exotic abilities, the most potent being its durability – to recreate itself after nearly any level of destruction. As it had collapsed on itself, the essence of Metroid Prime craved the strength and adaptability present in Samus Aran. In the Talon IV impact crater, Metroid Prime recreated itself as a dark copy of the woman who had defeated it. [MP 1 / MP2 / MP3 SP] </p>
<p><imgalt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkq6pqyr8ljpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkq6pqyr8ljpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkq6pqyr8ljpg.jpg 470w"draggable="auto"data-chomp-id="18zqkq6pqyr8ljpg"data-format="jpg"data-alt="Illustration for article titled The Spectacular Story Of emMetroid/em, One Of Gamings Richest Universes"data-anim-src=""srcset="https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fill,f_auto,fl_progressive,g_center,h_80,q_80,w_80/18zqkq6pqyr8ljpg.jpg 80w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,fl_progressive,q_80,w_320/18zqkq6pqyr8ljpg.jpg 320w, https://i.kinja-img.com/gawker-media/image/upload/c_fit,f_auto,fl_progressive,q_80,w_470/18zqkq6pqyr8ljpg.jpg 470w"/>
<p> Dark Samus clawed its way out of the Impact Crater. It departed Tallon IV to spread its venom across the stars, and to sow the seeds of a great war. [MP1 / MP2 / MP3] </p>
<p>Les députés ont, sans surprise, adopté à une large majorité (438 contre 86 et 42 abstentions) le projet de loi sur le renseignement défendu par le gouvernement lors d’un vote solennel, mardi 5 mai. Il sera désormais examiné par le Sénat, puis le Conseil constitutionnel, prochainement saisi par 75 députés. Dans un souci d'apaisement, François Hollande avait annoncé par avance qu'il saisirait les Sages.</p>
<p><strong>Revivez <ahref="http://fakehost/pixels/live/2015/05/05/suivez-le-vote-de-la-loi-renseignement-en-direct_4628012_4408996.html">le direct du vote à l’Assemblée avec vos questions.</a></strong></p>
<p>Ont voté contre : 10 députés socialistes (sur 288), 35 UMP (sur 198), 11 écologistes (sur 18), 11 UDI (sur 30), 12 députés Front de gauche (sur 15) et 7 non-inscrits (sur 9). <ahref="http://www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/scrutins/detail/%28legislature%29/14/%28num%29/1109">Le détail est disponible sur le site de l'Assemblée nationale.</a></p>
<p>Un troisième Français a été tué dans le tremblement de terre samedi au Népal, emporté par une avalanche, <ahref="http://www.liberation.fr/video/2015/04/30/laurent-fabius-plus-de-200-francais-n-ont-pas-ete-retrouves_1278687"target="_blank">a déclaré jeudi le ministre des Affaires étrangères</a>. Les autorités françaises sont toujours sans nouvelles <em>«d’encore plus de 200» </em>personnes. <em>«Pour certains d’entre eux on est très interrogatif»</em>, a ajouté Laurent Fabius. Il accueillait à Roissy un premier avion spécial ramenant des rescapés. <ahref="http://www.liberation.fr/video/2015/04/30/seisme-au-nepal-soulages-mais-inquiets-206-survivants-de-retour-en-france_1278758"target="_blank">L’Airbus A350 affrété par les autorités françaises s’est posé peu avant 5h45</a> avec à son bord 206 passagers, dont 12 enfants et 26 blessés, selon une source du Quai d’Orsay. Quasiment tous sont français, à l’exception d’une quinzaine de ressortissants allemands, suisses, italiens, portugais ou encore turcs. Des psychologues, une équipe médicale et des personnels du centre de crise du Quai d’Orsay les attendent.</p>
<p>L’appareil, mis à disposition par Airbus, était arrivé à Katmandou mercredi matin avec 55 personnels de santé et humanitaires, ainsi que 25 tonnes de matériel (abris, médicaments, aide alimentaire). Un deuxième avion dépêché par Paris, qui était immobilisé aux Emirats depuis mardi avec 20 tonnes de matériel, est arrivé jeudi à Katmandou, <ahref="http://www.liberation.fr/monde/2015/04/29/embouteillages-et-retards-a-l-aeroport-de-katmandou_1276612"target="_blank">dont le petit aéroport est engorgé</a> par le trafic et l’afflux d’aide humanitaire. Il devait lui aussi ramener des Français, <em>«les plus éprouvés»</em> par la catastrophe et les <em>«plus vulnérables (blessés, familles avec enfants)»</em>, selon le ministère des Affaires étrangères.</p>
<p>2 209 Français ont été localisés sains et saufs tandis que 393 n’ont pas encore pu être joints, selon le Quai d’Orsay. Environ 400 Français ont demandé à être rapatriés dans les vols mis en place par la France.</p>
<p>Le séisme a fait près de 5 500 morts et touche huit des 28 millions d’habitants du Népal. Des dizaines de milliers de personnes sont sans abri.</p>
"title":"How to Program Your Mind to Stop Buying Crap You Don’t Need",
"byline":"Patrick Allan",
"dir":null,
"excerpt":"We all buy things from time to time that we don't really need. It's okay to appeal to your wants every once in a while, as long as you're in control. If you struggle with clutter, impulse buys, and buyer's remorse, here's how to put your mind in the right place before you even set foot in a store.",
"title":"How to Program Your Mind to Stop Buying Crap You Don’t Need",
"byline":"Patrick Allan",
"dir":null,
"excerpt":"We all buy things from time to time that we don't really need. It's okay to appeal to your wants every once in a while, as long as you're in control. If you struggle with clutter, impulse buys, and buyer's remorse, here's how to put your mind in the right place before you even set foot in a store.",
"excerpt":"Posted by Andrew Hayden, Software Engineer on Google Play Android users are downloading tens of billions of apps and games on Google Pla...",
<p><em>Posted by Andrew Hayden, Software Engineer on Google Play</em></p>
<p> Android users are downloading tens of billions of apps and games on Google Play. We're also seeing developers update their apps frequently in order to provide users with great content, improve security, and enhance the overall user experience. It takes a lot of data to download these updates and we know users care about how much data their devices are using. Earlier this year, we announced that we started using <ahref="https://android-developers.blogspot.com/2016/07/improvements-for-smaller-app-downloads.html">the
Colin Percival)</a>. Using bsdiff, we were able to reduce the size of app updates on average by 47% compared to the full APK size. </p>
<p> Today, we're excited to share a new approach that goes further — <strong><ahref="https://github.com/andrewhayden/archive-patcher/blob/master/README.md">File-by-File
patching</a></strong>. App Updates using File-by-File patching are, <strong>on average,</strong><strong>65% smaller than the full app</strong>, and in some cases more than 90% smaller. </p>
<p>
<em>Posted by Andrew Hayden, Software Engineer on Google Play</em>
</p>
<p> Android users are downloading tens of billions of apps and games on Google Play. We're also seeing developers update their apps frequently in order to provide users with great content, improve security, and enhance the overall user experience. It takes a lot of data to download these updates and we know users care about how much data their devices are using. Earlier this year, we announced that we started using <ahref="https://android-developers.blogspot.com/2016/07/improvements-for-smaller-app-downloads.html">the bsdiff algorithm</a><ahref="https://android-developers.blogspot.com/2016/07/improvements-for-smaller-app-downloads.html">(by Colin Percival)</a>. Using bsdiff, we were able to reduce the size of app updates on average by 47% compared to the full APK size. </p>
<p> Today, we're excited to share a new approach that goes further — <strong><ahref="https://github.com/andrewhayden/archive-patcher/blob/master/README.md">File-by-File patching</a></strong>. App Updates using File-by-File patching are, <strong>on average,</strong>
<strong>65% smaller than the full app</strong>, and in some cases more than 90% smaller.
</p>
<p> The savings, compared to our previous approach, add up to 6 petabytes of user data saved per day! </p>
<p> In order to get the new version of the app, Google Play sends your device a patch that describes the <em>differences</em> between the old and new versions of the app. </p>
<p> Imagine you are an author of a book about to be published, and wish to change a single sentence - it's much easier to tell the editor which sentence to change and what to change, rather than send an entirely new book. In the same way, patches are much smaller and much faster to download than the entire APK. </p>
<p><strong><span>Techniques used in File-by-File
patching </span></strong></p>
<p>
<strong><span>Techniques used in File-by-File patching </span></strong>
</p>
<p> Android apps are packaged as APKs, which are ZIP files with special conventions. Most of the content within the ZIP files (and APKs) is compressed using a technology called <ahref="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DEFLATE&oldid=735386036">Deflate</a>. Deflate is really good at compressing data but it has a drawback: it makes identifying changes in the original (uncompressed) content really hard. Even a tiny change to the original content (like changing one word in a book) can make the compressed output of deflate look <em>completely different</em>. Describing the differences between the <em>original</em> content is easy, but describing the differences between the <em>compressed</em> content is so hard that it leads to inefficient patches. </p>
<p> Watch how much the compressed text on the right side changes from a one-letter change in the uncompressed text on the left: </p>
<p> File-by-File therefore is based on detecting changes in the uncompressed data. To generate a patch, we first decompress both old and new files before computing the delta (we still use bsdiff here). Then to apply the patch, we decompress the old file, apply the delta to the uncompressed content and then recompress the new file. In doing so, we need to make sure that the APK on your device is a perfect match, byte for byte, to the one on the Play Store (see <ahref="https://source.android.com/security/apksigning/v2.html">APK Signature
Schema v2 </a>for why). </p>
<p> File-by-File therefore is based on detecting changes in the uncompressed data. To generate a patch, we first decompress both old and new files before computing the delta (we still use bsdiff here). Then to apply the patch, we decompress the old file, apply the delta to the uncompressed content and then recompress the new file. In doing so, we need to make sure that the APK on your device is a perfect match, byte for byte, to the one on the Play Store (see <ahref="https://source.android.com/security/apksigning/v2.html">APK Signature Schema v2 </a>for why). </p>
<p> When recompressing the new file, we hit two complications. First, Deflate has a number of settings that affect output; and we don't know which settings were used in the first place. Second, many versions of deflate exist and we need to know whether the version on your device is suitable. </p>
<p> Fortunately, after analysis of the apps on the Play Store, we've discovered that recent and compatible versions of deflate based on zlib (the most popular deflate library) account for almost all deflated content in the Play Store. In addition, the default settings (level=6) and maximum compression settings (level=9) are the only settings we encountered in practice. </p>
<p> Knowing this, we can detect and reproduce the original deflate settings. This makes it possible to uncompress the data, apply a patch, and then recompress the data back to <em>exactly the same bytes</em> as originally uploaded. </p>
<p> However, there is one trade off; extra processing power is needed on the device. On modern devices (e.g. from 2015), recompression can take a little over a second per megabyte and on older or less powerful devices it can be longer. Analysis so far shows that, on average, if the patch size is halved then the time spent applying the patch (which for File-by-File includes recompression) is doubled. </p>
<p> For now, we are limiting the use of this new patching technology to auto-updates only, i.e. the updates that take place in the background, usually at night when your phone is plugged into power and you're not likely to be using it. This ensures that users won't have to wait any longer than usual for an update to finish when manually updating an app. </p>
<p><strong><span>How effective is File-by-File
Patching?</span></strong></p>
<p>
<strong><span>How effective is File-by-File Patching?</span></strong>
</p>
<p> Here are examples of app updates already using File-by-File Patching: </p>
<p><em>Disclaimer: if you see different patch sizes when you press "update" manually, that is because we are not currently using File-by-file for interactive updates, only those done in the background.</em></p>
<p>
<strong><span>Saving data and making our users (& developers!) happy</span></strong>
</p>
<p> These changes are designed to ensure our community of over a billion Android users use as little data as possible for regular app updates. The best thing is that as a developer you don't need to do anything. You get these reductions to your update size for free! </p>
<p> If you'd like to know more about File-by-File patching, including the technical details, head over to the <ahref="https://github.com/andrewhayden/archive-patcher">Archive Patcher GitHub
project</a> where you can find information, including the source code. Yes, File-by-File patching is completely open-source! </p>
<p> As a developer if you're interested in reducing your APK size still further, here are some <ahref="https://developer.android.com/topic/performance/reduce-apk-size.html?utm_campaign=android_discussion_filebyfile_120616&utm_source=anddev&utm_medium=blog">general
tips on reducing APK size</a>. </p>
<p> If you'd like to know more about File-by-File patching, including the technical details, head over to the <ahref="https://github.com/andrewhayden/archive-patcher">Archive Patcher GitHub project</a> where you can find information, including the source code. Yes, File-by-File patching is completely open-source! </p>
<p> As a developer if you're interested in reducing your APK size still further, here are some <ahref="https://developer.android.com/topic/performance/reduce-apk-size.html?utm_campaign=android_discussion_filebyfile_120616&utm_source=anddev&utm_medium=blog">general tips on reducing APK size</a>. </p>
"title":"LWN.net Weekly Edition for March 26, 2015 [LWN.net]",
"byline":"By Nathan Willis\n March 25, 2015",
"dir":null,
"excerpt":"The Arduino has been one of the biggest success stories of the open-hardware movement, but that success does not protect it from internal conflict. In recent months, two of the project's founders have come into conflict about the direction of future efforts—and that conflict has turned into a legal dispute about who owns the rights to the Arduino trademark.",
<p>The current fight is a battle between two companies that both bear the Arduino name: Arduino LLC and Arduino SRL. The disagreements that led to present state of affairs go back a bit further. </p>
<p>The Arduino project grew out of 2005-era course work taught at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea (IDII) in Ivrea, Italy (using <ahref="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Processing_(programming_language)">Processing</a>, <ahref="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiring_%28development_platform%29">Wiring</a>, and pre-existing microcontroller hardware). After the IDII program was discontinued, the open-hardware Arduino project as we know it was launched by Massimo Banzi, David Cuartielles, and David Mellis (who had worked together at IDII), with co-founders Tom Igoe and Gianluca Martino joining shortly afterward. The project released open hardware designs (including full schematics and design files) as well as the microcontroller software to run on the boards and the desktop IDE needed to program it. </p>
<p>Arduino LLC was incorporated in 2008 by Banzi, Cuartielles, Mellis, Igoe, and Martino. The company is registered in the United States, and it has continued to design the Arduino product line, develop the software, and run the Arduino community site. The hardware devices themselves, however, were manufactured by a separate company, "Smart Projects SRL," that was founded by Martino. "SRL" is essentially the Italian equivalent of "LLC"—Smart Projects was incorporated in Italy. </p>
<p>This division of responsibilities—with the main Arduino project handling everything except for board manufacturing—may seem like an odd one, but it is consistent with Arduino's marketing story. From its earliest days, the designs for the hardware have been freely available, and outside companies were allowed to make Arduino-compatible devices. The project has long run a <ahref="http://arduino.cc/en/ArduinoCertified/Products#program">certification
program</a> for third-party manufacturers interested in using the "Arduino" branding, but allows (and arguably even encourages) informal software and firmware compatibility. </p>
<p>This division of responsibilities—with the main Arduino project handling everything except for board manufacturing—may seem like an odd one, but it is consistent with Arduino's marketing story. From its earliest days, the designs for the hardware have been freely available, and outside companies were allowed to make Arduino-compatible devices. The project has long run a <ahref="http://arduino.cc/en/ArduinoCertified/Products#program">certification program</a> for third-party manufacturers interested in using the "Arduino" branding, but allows (and arguably even encourages) informal software and firmware compatibility. </p>
<p>The Arduino branding was not formally registered as a trademark in the early days, however. Arduino LLC <ahref="http://tsdr.uspto.gov/#caseNumber=3931675&caseType=US_REGISTRATION_NO&searchType=statusSearch">filed</a> to register the US trademark in April 2009, and it was granted in 2011. </p>
<p>At this point, the exact events begin to be harder to verify, but the original group of founders reportedly had a difference of opinion about how to license out hardware production rights to other companies. Wired Italy <ahref="http://www.wired.it/gadget/computer/2015/02/12/arduino-nel-caos-situazione/">reports</a> that Martino and Smart Projects resisted the other four founders' plans to "internationalize" production—although it is not clear if that meant that Smart Projects disapproved of licensing out <em>any</em> official hardware manufacturing to other companies, or had some other concern. Heise Online <ahref="http://www.heise.de/make/meldung/Arduino-gegen-Arduino-Gruender-streiten-um-die-Firma-2549653.html">adds</a> that the conflict seemed to be about moving some production to China. </p>
<p>What is clear is that Smart Projects filed a <ahref="http://ttabvue.uspto.gov/ttabvue/v?pno=92060077&pty=CAN&eno=1">petition</a> with the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) in October 2014 asking the USPTO to cancel Arduino LLC's trademark on "Arduino." Then, in November 2014, Smart Projects changed its company's name to Arduino SRL. Somewhere around that time, Martino sold off his ownership stake in Smart Projects SRL and new owner Federico Musto was named CEO. </p>
<h2><ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/637533/">Mapping and data mining with QGIS 2.8</a></h2>
<p> By <b>Nathan Willis</b>
<br/>March 25, 2015 </p>
<br/>March 25, 2015
</p>
<p><ahref="http://qgis.org/">QGIS</a> is a free-software geographic information system (GIS) tool; it provides a unified interface in which users can import, edit, and analyze geographic-oriented information, and it can produce output as varied as printable maps or map-based web services. The project recently made its first update to be designated a long-term release (LTR), and that release is both poised for high-end usage and friendly to newcomers alike. </p>
<p>The new release is version 2.8, which was unveiled on March 2. An official <ahref="http://qgis.org/en/site/forusers/visualchangelog28/index.html">change
log</a> is available on the QGIS site, while the release itself was announced primarily through blog posts (such as <ahref="http://anitagraser.com/2015/03/02/qgis-2-8-ltr-has-landed/">this
post</a> by Anita Graser of the project's steering committee). Downloads are <ahref="http://qgis.org/en/site/forusers/download.html">available</a> for a variety of platforms, including packages for Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, and several other distributions.</p>
<p><ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/637747/"><imgsrc="http://fakehost/images/2015/03-qgis-map-sm.png"alt="[QGIS main interface]"width="350"height="264"/></a></p>
<p>The new release is version 2.8, which was unveiled on March 2. An official <ahref="http://qgis.org/en/site/forusers/visualchangelog28/index.html">change log</a> is available on the QGIS site, while the release itself was announced primarily through blog posts (such as <ahref="http://anitagraser.com/2015/03/02/qgis-2-8-ltr-has-landed/">this post</a> by Anita Graser of the project's steering committee). Downloads are <ahref="http://qgis.org/en/site/forusers/download.html">available</a> for a variety of platforms, including packages for Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, and several other distributions.</p>
<p><ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/637747/"><imgsrc="http://fakehost/images/2015/03-qgis-map-sm.png"width="350"height="264"alt="[QGIS main interface]"/></a></p>
<p>As the name might suggest, QGIS is a Qt application; the latest release will, in fact, build on both Qt4 and Qt5, although the binaries released by the project come only in Qt4 form at present. 2.8 has been labeled a long-term release (LTR)—which, in this case, means that the project has committed to providing backported bug fixes for one full calendar year, and that the 2.8.x series is in permanent feature freeze. The goal, according to the change log, is to provide a stable version suitable for businesses and deployments in other large organizations. The change log itself points out that the development of quite a few new features was underwritten by various GIS companies or university groups, which suggests that taking care of these organizations' needs is reaping dividends for the project. </p>
<p>For those new to QGIS (or GIS in general), there is a detailed new-user <ahref="http://docs.qgis.org/testing/en/docs/training_manual/">tutorial</a> that provides a thorough walk-through of the data-manipulation, mapping, and analysis functions. Being a new user, I went through the tutorial; although there are a handful of minor differences between QGIS 2.8 and the version used in the text (primarily whether specific features were accessed through a toolbar or right-click menu), on the whole it is well worth the time. </p>
<p>QGIS is designed to make short work of importing spatially oriented data sets, mining information from them, and turning the results into a meaningful visualization. Technically speaking, the visualization output is optional: one could simply extract the needed statistics and results and use them to answer some question or, perhaps, publish the massaged data set as a database for others to use. </p>
<p>But well-made maps are often the easiest way to illuminate facts about populations, political regions, geography, and many other topics when human comprehension is the goal. QGIS makes importing data from databases, web-mapping services (WMS), and even unwieldy flat-file data dumps a painless experience. It handles converting between a variety of map-referencing systems more or less automatically, and allows the user to focus on finding the useful attributes of the data sets and rendering them on screen. </p>
<h4>Here be data</h4>
<p>The significant changes in QGIS 2.8 fall into several categories. There are updates to how QGIS handles the mathematical expressions and queries users can use to filter information out of a data set, improvements to the tools used to explore the on-screen map canvas, and enhancements to the "map composer" used to produce visual output. This is on top of plenty of other under-the-hood improvements, naturally.</p>
<p>In the first category are several updates to the filtering tools used to mine a data set. Generally speaking, each independent data set is added to a QGIS project as its own layer, then transformed with filters to focus in on a specific portion of the original data. For instance, the land-usage statistics for a region might be one layer, while roads and buildings for the same region from OpenStreetMap might be two additional layers. Such filters can be created in several ways: there is a "query builder" that lets the user construct and test expressions on a data layer, then save the results, an SQL console for performing similar queries on a database, and spreadsheet-like editing tools for working directly on data tables. </p>
<p>All three have been improved in this release. New are support for <tt>if(condition, true, false)</tt> conditional statements, a set of operations for geometry primitives (e.g., to test whether regions overlap or lines intersect), and an "integer divide" operation. Users can also add comments to their queries to annotate their code, and there is a new <ahref="http://nathanw.net/2015/01/19/function-editor-for-qgis-expressions/">custom
function editor</a> for writing Python functions that can be called in mathematical expressions within the query builder. </p>
<p>All three have been improved in this release. New are support for <tt>if(condition, true, false)</tt> conditional statements, a set of operations for geometry primitives (e.g., to test whether regions overlap or lines intersect), and an "integer divide" operation. Users can also add comments to their queries to annotate their code, and there is a new <ahref="http://nathanw.net/2015/01/19/function-editor-for-qgis-expressions/">custom function editor</a> for writing Python functions that can be called in mathematical expressions within the query builder. </p>
<p>It is also now possible to select only some rows in a table, then perform calculations just on the selection—previously, users would have to extract the rows of interest into a new table first. Similarly, in the SQL editor, the user can highlight a subset of the SQL query and execute it separately, which is no doubt helpful for debugging. </p>
<p>There have also been several improvements to the Python and Processing plugins. Users can now drag-and-drop Python scripts onto QGIS and they will be run automatically. Several new analysis algorithms are now available through the Processing interface that were previously Python-only; they include algorithms for generating grids of points or vectors within a region, splitting layers and lines, generating <ahref="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypsometric_curve">hypsometric
curves</a>, refactoring data sets, and more. </p>
<p>There have also been several improvements to the Python and Processing plugins. Users can now drag-and-drop Python scripts onto QGIS and they will be run automatically. Several new analysis algorithms are now available through the Processing interface that were previously Python-only; they include algorithms for generating grids of points or vectors within a region, splitting layers and lines, generating <ahref="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypsometric_curve">hypsometric curves</a>, refactoring data sets, and more. </p>
<p>The process of working with on-screen map data picked up some improvements in the new release as well. Perhaps the most fundamental is that each map layer added to the canvas is now handled in its own thread, so fewer hangs in the user interface are experienced when re-rendering a layer (as happens whenever the user changes the look of points or shapes in a layer). Since remote databases can also be layers, this multi-threaded approach is more resilient against connectivity problems, too. The interface also now supports temporary "scratch" layers that can be used to merge, filter, or simply experiment with a data set, but are not saved when the current project is saved. </p>
<p>For working on the canvas itself, polygonal regions can now use raster images (tiled, if necessary) as fill colors, the map itself can be rotated arbitrarily, and objects can be "snapped" to align with items on any layer (not just the current layer). For working with raster image layers (e.g., aerial photographs) or simply creating new geometric shapes by hand, there is a new digitizing tool that can offer assistance by locking lines to specific angles, automatically keeping borders parallel, and other niceties. </p>
<p>There is a completely overhauled "simplify" tool that is used to reduce the number of extraneous vertices of a vector layer (thus reducing its size). The old simplify tool provided only a relative "tolerance" setting that did not correspond directly to any units. With the new tool, users can set a simplification threshold in terms of the underlying map units, layer-specific units, pixels, and more—and, in addition, the tool reports how much the simplify operation has reduced the size of the data.</p>
<p>There has also been an effort to present a uniform interface to one of the most important features of the map canvas: the ability to change the symbology used for an item based on some data attribute. The simplest example might be to change the line color of a road based on whether its road-type attribute is "highway," "service road," "residential," or so on. But the same feature is used to automatically highlight layer information based on the filtering and querying functionality discussed above. The new release allows many more map attributes to be controlled by these "data definition" settings, and provides a hard-to-miss button next to each attribute, through which a custom data definition can be set. </p>
<p>QGIS's composer module is the tool used to take project data and generate a map that can be used outside of the application (in print, as a static image, or as a layer for <ahref="http://mapserver.org/">MapServer</a> or some other software tool, for example). Consequently, it is not a simple select-and-click-export tool; composing the output can involve a lot of choices about which data to make visible, how (and where) to label it, and how to make it generally accessible. </p>
<p>The updated composer in 2.8 now has a full-screen mode and sports several new options for configuring output. For instance, the user now has full control over how map axes are labeled. In previous releases, the grid coordinates of the map could be turned on or off, but the only options were all or nothing. Now, the user can individually choose whether coordinates are displayed on all four sides, and can even choose in which direction vertical text labels will run (so that they can be correctly justified to the edge of the map, for example). </p>
<h2><ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/637735/">Development activity in LibreOffice and OpenOffice</a></h2>
<p> By <b>Jonathan Corbet</b>
<br/>March 25, 2015 </p>
<p> The LibreOffice project was <ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/407383/">announced</a> with great fanfare in September 2010. Nearly one year later, the OpenOffice.org project (from which LibreOffice was forked) <ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/446093/">was
cut loose from Oracle</a> and found a new home as an Apache project. It is fair to say that the rivalry between the two projects in the time since then has been strong. Predictions that one project or the other would fail have not been borne out, but that does not mean that the two projects are equally successful. A look at the two projects' development communities reveals some interesting differences.
<br/>March 25, 2015
</p>
<p> The LibreOffice project was <ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/407383/">announced</a> with great fanfare in September 2010. Nearly one year later, the OpenOffice.org project (from which LibreOffice was forked) <ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/446093/">was cut loose from Oracle</a> and found a new home as an Apache project. It is fair to say that the rivalry between the two projects in the time since then has been strong. Predictions that one project or the other would fail have not been borne out, but that does not mean that the two projects are equally successful. A look at the two projects' development communities reveals some interesting differences. </p>
<h4>Release histories</h4>
<p> Apache OpenOffice has made two releases in the past year: <ahref="https://blogs.apache.org/OOo/entry/the_apache_openoffice_project_announce">4.1</a> in April 2014 and <ahref="https://blogs.apache.org/OOo/entry/announcing_apache_openoffice_4_1">4.1.1</a> (described as "a micro update" in the release announcement) in August. The main feature added during that time would appear to be significantly improved accessibility support. </p>
<p> The release history for LibreOffice tells a slightly different story: </p>
@ -625,13 +620,10 @@
<h4>Some conclusions</h4>
<p> Last October, some <ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/637742/">concerns</a> were raised on the OpenOffice list about the health of that project's community. At the time, Rob Weir <ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/637743/">shrugged them off</a> as the result of a marketing effort by the LibreOffice crowd. There can be no doubt that the war of words between these two projects has gotten tiresome at times, but, looking at the above numbers, it is hard not to conclude that there is an issue that goes beyond marketing hype here. </p>
<p> In the 4½ years since its founding, the LibreOffice project has put together a community with over 250 active developers. There is support from multiple companies and an impressive rate of patches going into the project's repository. The project's ability to sustain nearly monthly releases on two branches is a direct result of that community's work. Swearing at LibreOffice is one of your editor's favorite pastimes, but it seems clear that the project is on a solid footing with a healthy community. </p>
<p> OpenOffice, instead, is driven by four developers from a single company — a company that appears to have been deemphasizing OpenOffice work for some time. As a result, the project's commit rate is a fraction of what LibreOffice is able to sustain and releases are relatively rare. As of this writing, the <ahref="https://blogs.apache.org/OOo/">OpenOffice
blog</a> shows no posts in 2015. In the October discussion, Rob <ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/637750/">said</a> that "<span>the dogs may
bark but the caravan moves on.</span>" That may be true, but, in this case, the caravan does not appear to be moving with any great speed. </p>
<p> OpenOffice, instead, is driven by four developers from a single company — a company that appears to have been deemphasizing OpenOffice work for some time. As a result, the project's commit rate is a fraction of what LibreOffice is able to sustain and releases are relatively rare. As of this writing, the <ahref="https://blogs.apache.org/OOo/">OpenOffice blog</a> shows no posts in 2015. In the October discussion, Rob <ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/637750/">said</a> that "<span>the dogs may bark but the caravan moves on.</span>" That may be true, but, in this case, the caravan does not appear to be moving with any great speed. </p>
<p> Anything can happen in the free-software development world; it is entirely possible that a reinvigorated OpenOffice.org may yet give LibreOffice a run for its money. But something will clearly have to change to bring that future around. As things stand now, it is hard not to conclude that LibreOffice has won the battle for developer participation. </p>
<h2>Inside this week's LWN.net Weekly Edition</h2>
<ul>
<li><ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/637395/">Security</a>: Toward secure package downloads; New vulnerabilities in drupal, mozilla, openssl, python-django ... </li>
@ -641,9 +633,11 @@
<li><ahref="http://fakehost/Articles/637399/">Announcements</a>: A Turing award for Michael Stonebraker, Sébastien Jodogne, ReGlue are Free Software Award winners, Kat Walsh joins FSF board of directors, Cyanogen, ... </li>
<header> Neuroscience tells us that most of the work done by our brains happens on an unconscious level, but when does that "a-ha!" moment occur? And what happens during it? New research investigates. </header>
<p> "We incorporated a kind of mathematical trick, based on earlier studies, which showed that the speed and accuracy of decisions were tied together by the same brain function." This "mathematical trick" was the evidence accumulation model. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>
<span>"</span>Essentially, the act of becoming consciously aware of a decision conforms to the same process that the brain goes through to complete a decision, even a simple one - such as whether to turn left or right." </p>
<span>"</span>Essentially, the act of becoming consciously aware of a decision conforms to the same process that the brain goes through to complete a decision, even a simple one - such as whether to turn left or right."
</p>
<p> Michael Shadlen, Ph.D. </p>
</blockquote>
<p> In other words, the study shows that the conscious awareness of the "a-ha!" moment takes place precisely when the brain has reached that threshold of evidence accumulation. </p>
<p> The findings provide unique insights into the biology of consciousness, say the researchers, and they bring us closer to understanding the biological basis of decisions, ethics, and, generally, the human mind. </p>
<pname="c9d4"id="c9d4">Photography was my lucky way of experiencing the many types of people my generation seemed to avoid, as well as many the public spends too much time discussing. One of my habits as a photographer was scouring sites like Flickr to see how others could frame the world in ways I hadn’t previously considered.</p>
<pname="e498"id="e498">Information had changed form, but the student newsroom hadn’t, and it was becoming harder to romanticize the dusty newsprint smell coming from the shoes we were handed down from previous generations of editors. It was, we were told, all part of “becoming a journalist.”</p>
<pname="0142"id="0142">Instead of having computers that are locked down, try setting aside a few office computers that allow students to play and “break”, or encourage editors to buy their own Macbooks so they’re always able to practice with code and new tools on their own.</p>
<pname="5d29"id="5d29">From all this we realized that changing a student newsroom is difficult. It takes patience. It requires that the business and editorial departments of the student newsroom be on the same (web)page. The shoes of the future must be different from the shoes we were given.</p>
<pname="1ffc"id="1ffc">We need to rethink how long the new shoe design will be valid. It’s more important that we focus on the process behind making footwear than on actually creating a specific shoe. We shouldn’t be building a shoe to last 40 years. Our footwear design process will allow us to change and adapt as technology evolves. The media landscape will change, so having a newsroom that can change with it will be critical.</p>
<pname="2888"id="2888"><strong>We are building a shoe machine, not a shoe.</strong></p>
<pname="2888"id="2888"><strong>We are building a shoe machine, not a shoe.</strong>
</p>
<h3name="9c30"id="9c30">A train or light at the end of the tunnel: are student newsrooms changing for the better?</h3>
<pname="4634"id="4634">In our 2013 research we found that almost 50% of student newsrooms had created roles specifically for the web. <strong>This sounds great, but is still problematic in its current state.</strong></p>
<pname="4634"id="4634">In our 2013 research we found that almost 50% of student newsrooms had created roles specifically for the web. <strong>This sounds great, but is still problematic in its current state.</strong>
<figcaption><strong>We designed many of these slides to help explain to ourselves what we were doing</strong></figcaption>
<figcaption><strong>We designed many of these slides to help explain to ourselves what we were doing</strong>
</figcaption>
</figure>
<pname="39e6"id="39e6">When a newsroom decides to create a position for the web, it’s often with the intent of having content flow steadily from writers onto the web. This is a big improvement from just uploading stories to the web whenever there is a print issue. <em>However…</em></p>
<pname="39e6"id="39e6">When a newsroom decides to create a position for the web, it’s often with the intent of having content flow steadily from writers onto the web. This is a big improvement from just uploading stories to the web whenever there is a print issue. <em>However…</em>
</p>
<ol>
<liname="91b5"id="91b5"><strong>The handoff</strong><br/>Problems arise because web editors are given roles that absolve the rest of the editors from thinking about the web. All editors should be involved in the process of story development for the web. While it’s a good idea to have one specific editor manage the website, contributors and editors should all play with and learn about the web. Instead of “can you make a computer do XYZ for me?”, we should be saying “can you show me how to make a computer do XYZ?”</li>
<br/>Problems arise because web editors are given roles that absolve the rest of the editors from thinking about the web. All editors should be involved in the process of story development for the web. While it’s a good idea to have one specific editor manage the website, contributors and editors should all play with and learn about the web. Instead of “can you make a computer do XYZ for me?”, we should be saying “can you show me how to make a computer do XYZ?”
</li>
<liname="6448"id="6448"><strong>Not just social media<br/></strong>A web editor could do much more than simply being in charge of the social media accounts for the student paper. Their responsibility could include teaching all other editors to be listening to what’s happening online. The web editor can take advantage of live information to change how the student newsroom reports news in real time.</li>
<liname="ab30"id="ab30"><strong>Web (interactive) editor<br/></strong>The goal of having a web editor should be for someone to build and tell stories that take full advantage of the web as their medium. Too often the web’s interactivity is not considered when developing the story. The web then ends up as a resting place for print words.</li>
</ol>
@ -79,34 +89,50 @@
<pname="4eb1"id="4eb1">We’re OK with this problem, if we see newsrooms continue to take small steps towards having all their editors involved in the stories for the web.</p>
<figcaption>The current Open Journalism site was a few years in the making. This was an original launch page we use in 2012</figcaption>
</figure>
<h3name="08f5"id="08f5">What we know</h3>
<ul>
<liname="f7fe"id="f7fe"><strong>New process</strong><br/>Our rough research has told us newsrooms need to be reorganized. This includes every part of the newsroom’s workflow: from where a story and its information comes from, to thinking of every word, pixel, and interaction the reader will have with your stories. If I was a photo editor that wanted to re-think my process with digital tools in mind, I’d start by asking “how are photo assignments processed and sent out?”, “how do we receive images?”, “what formats do images need to be exported in?”, “what type of screens will the images be viewed on?”, and “how are the designers getting these images?” Making a student newsroom digital isn’t about producing “digital manifestos”, it’s about being curious enough that you’ll want to to continue experimenting with your process until you’ve found one that fits your newsroom’s needs.</li>
<liname="d757"id="d757"><strong>More (remote) mentorship</strong><br/>Lack of mentorship is still a big problem. <ahref="http://www.google.com/get/journalismfellowship/"data-href="http://www.google.com/get/journalismfellowship/"rel="nofollow">Google’s fellowship program</a> is great. The fact that it only caters to United States students isn’t. There are only a handful of internships in Canada where students interested in journalism can get experience writing code and building interactive stories. We’re OK with this for now, as we expect internships and mentorship over the next 5 years between professional newsrooms and student newsrooms will only increase. It’s worth noting that some of that mentorship will likely be done remotely.</li>
<liname="a9b8"id="a9b8"><strong>Changing a newsroom culture</strong><br/>Skill diversity needs to change. We encourage every student newsroom we talk to, to start building a partnership with their school’s Computer Science department. It will take some work, but you’ll find there are many CS undergrads that love playing with web technologies, and using data to tell stories. Changing who is in the newsroom should be one of the first steps newsrooms take to changing how they tell stories. The same goes with getting designers who understand the wonderful interactive elements of the web and students who love statistics and exploring data. Getting students who are amazing at design, data, code, words, and images into one room is one of the coolest experience I’ve had. Everyone benefits from a more diverse newsroom.</li>
<br/>Our rough research has told us newsrooms need to be reorganized. This includes every part of the newsroom’s workflow: from where a story and its information comes from, to thinking of every word, pixel, and interaction the reader will have with your stories. If I was a photo editor that wanted to re-think my process with digital tools in mind, I’d start by asking “how are photo assignments processed and sent out?”, “how do we receive images?”, “what formats do images need to be exported in?”, “what type of screens will the images be viewed on?”, and “how are the designers getting these images?” Making a student newsroom digital isn’t about producing “digital manifestos”, it’s about being curious enough that you’ll want to to continue experimenting with your process until you’ve found one that fits your newsroom’s needs.
<br/>Lack of mentorship is still a big problem. <ahref="http://www.google.com/get/journalismfellowship/"data-href="http://www.google.com/get/journalismfellowship/"rel="nofollow">Google’s fellowship program</a> is great. The fact that it only caters to United States students isn’t. There are only a handful of internships in Canada where students interested in journalism can get experience writing code and building interactive stories. We’re OK with this for now, as we expect internships and mentorship over the next 5 years between professional newsrooms and student newsrooms will only increase. It’s worth noting that some of that mentorship will likely be done remotely.
</li>
<liname="a9b8"id="a9b8"><strong>Changing a newsroom culture</strong>
<br/>Skill diversity needs to change. We encourage every student newsroom we talk to, to start building a partnership with their school’s Computer Science department. It will take some work, but you’ll find there are many CS undergrads that love playing with web technologies, and using data to tell stories. Changing who is in the newsroom should be one of the first steps newsrooms take to changing how they tell stories. The same goes with getting designers who understand the wonderful interactive elements of the web and students who love statistics and exploring data. Getting students who are amazing at design, data, code, words, and images into one room is one of the coolest experience I’ve had. Everyone benefits from a more diverse newsroom.
</li>
</ul>
<h3name="a67e"id="a67e">What we don’t know</h3>
<ul>
<liname="7320"id="7320"><strong>Sharing curiosity for the web</strong><br/>We don’t know how to best teach students about the web. It’s not efficient for us to teach coding classes. We do go into newsrooms and get them running their first code exercises, but if someone wants to learn to program, we can only provide the initial push and curiosity. We will be trying out “labs” with a few schools next school year to hopefully get a better idea of how to teach students about the web.</li>
<liname="8b23"id="8b23"><strong>Business</strong><br/>We don’t know how to convince the business side of student papers that they should invest in the web. At the very least we’re able to explain that having students graduate with their current skill set is painful in the current job market.</li>
<liname="191e"id="191e"><strong>The future</strong><br/>We don’t know what journalism or the web will be like in 10 years, but we can start encouraging students to keep an open mind about the skills they’ll need. We’re less interested in preparing students for the current newsroom climate, than we are in teaching students to have the ability to learn new tools quickly as they come and go.</li>
<liname="7320"id="7320"><strong>Sharing curiosity for the web</strong>
<br/>We don’t know how to best teach students about the web. It’s not efficient for us to teach coding classes. We do go into newsrooms and get them running their first code exercises, but if someone wants to learn to program, we can only provide the initial push and curiosity. We will be trying out “labs” with a few schools next school year to hopefully get a better idea of how to teach students about the web.
</li>
<liname="8b23"id="8b23"><strong>Business</strong>
<br/>We don’t know how to convince the business side of student papers that they should invest in the web. At the very least we’re able to explain that having students graduate with their current skill set is painful in the current job market.
<br/>We don’t know what journalism or the web will be like in 10 years, but we can start encouraging students to keep an open mind about the skills they’ll need. We’re less interested in preparing students for the current newsroom climate, than we are in teaching students to have the ability to learn new tools quickly as they come and go.
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
<h3name="009a"id="009a">What we’re trying to share with others</h3>
<ul>
<liname="8bfa"id="8bfa"><strong>A concise guide to building stories for the web</strong><br/>There are too many options to get started. We hope to provide an opinionated guide that follows both our experiences, research, and observations from trying to teach our peers.</li>
<liname="8bfa"id="8bfa"><strong>A concise guide to building stories for the web</strong>
<br/>There are too many options to get started. We hope to provide an opinionated guide that follows both our experiences, research, and observations from trying to teach our peers.
</li>
</ul>
<pname="8196"id="8196">Student newsrooms don’t have investors to please. Student newsrooms can change their website every week if they want to try a new design or interaction. As long as students start treating the web as a different medium, and start building stories around that idea, then we’ll know we’re moving forward.</p>
<h3name="f6c6"id="f6c6">A note to professional news orgs</h3>
<pname="d8f5"id="d8f5">We’re also asking professional newsrooms to be more open about their process of developing stories for the web. You play a big part in this. This means writing about it, and sharing code. We need to start building a bridge between student journalism and professional newsrooms.</p>
<pname="abd5"id="abd5">We’re trying out some new shoes. And while they’re not self-lacing, and smell a bit different, we feel lacing up a new pair of kicks can change a lot.</p>
<pname="63ec"id="63ec"><strong>We’re still in the early stages of what this project will look like, so if you want to help or have thoughts, let’s talk.</strong></p>
<pname="63ec"id="63ec"><strong>We’re still in the early stages of what this project will look like, so if you want to help or have thoughts, let’s talk.</strong>
<pname="b57e"id="b57e">Matthew Inman of “The Oatmeal” wrote a comic about literally. Abusers and defenders alike <ahref="http://theoatmeal.com/comics/literally"data-href="http://theoatmeal.com/comics/literally"rel="nofollow">should check it out</a>. It’s clear this whole craze about literally is driving a lot of us nuts. You literally abusers are killing off pieces of our souls. You must be stopped, or the world will be lost to meaninglessness forever. Figuratively speaking.</p>
"title":"Samantha and The Great Big Lie - John C. Welch - Medium",
"byline":"John C. Welch",
"dir":null,
"excerpt":"How to get shanked doing what people say they want",
"readerable":true,
"siteName":"Medium"
"excerpt":"(EDIT: removed the link to Samantha’s post, because the arments and the grubers and the rest of The Deck Clique got what they wanted: a non-proper person driven off the internet lightly capped with a…",
<pname="97e7"id="97e7">How to get shanked doing what people say they want</p>
<blockquotename="df70"id="df70">don’t preach to me<br/>Mr. integrity</blockquote>
<pname="c979"id="c979">(EDIT: removed the link to Samantha’s post, because the arments and the grubers and the rest of The Deck Clique got what they wanted: a non-proper person driven off the internet lightly capped with a dusting of transphobia along the way, all totally okay because the ends justify the means, and it’s okay when “good” people do it.)</p>
<pname="342d"id="342d">First, I need to say something about this article: the reason I’m writing it infuriates me. Worse than installing CS 3 or Acrobat 7 ever did, and the former inspired comparisons to fecophile porn. I’m actually too mad to cuss. Well, not completely, but in this case, I don’t think the people I’m mad at are worth the creativity I try to put into profanity. This is about a brownfield of hypocrisy and viciously deliberate mischaracterization that “shame” cannot even come close to the shame those behind it should feel.</p>
<pname="2e61"id="2e61">Now, read this post by Samantha Bielefeld: The Elephant in the Room. First, it is a well-written critical piece that raises a few points in a calm, rational, nonconfrontational fashion, exactly the kind of things the pushers of The Great Big Lie say we need more of, as opposed to the screaming that is the norm in such cases.</p>
<pname="cd31"id="cd31">…sorry, I should explain “The Great Big Lie”. There are several, but in this case, our <em>specific</em> instance of “The Great Big Lie” is about criticism. Over and over, you hear from the very people I am not going to be nice to in this that we need “better” criticsm. Instead of rage and anger, volume and vitriol, we need in-depth rational criticism, that isn’t personal or ad hominem. That it should focus on points, not people.</p>
<pname="ae07"id="ae07">That, readers, is “The Big Lie”. It is a lie so big that if one ponders the reality of it, as I am going to, one wonders why anyone would believe it. It is a lie and it is one we should stop telling.</p>
<p><arel="noopener"href="http://fakehost/@johncwelch?source=post_page-----d146a92473a1----------------------"><imgalt="John C. Welch"src="https://miro.medium.com/fit/c/96/96/0*qPHQu8WqsC6cV_ud.jpg"width="48"height="48"/></a>
</p>
</div>
<pid="97e7"> How to get shanked doing what people say they want </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="df70"> don’t preach to me<br/> Mr. integrity </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="c979"> (EDIT: removed the link to Samantha’s post, because the arments and the grubers and the rest of The Deck Clique got what they wanted: a non-proper person driven off the internet lightly capped with a dusting of transphobia along the way, all totally okay because the ends justify the means, and it’s okay when “good” people do it.) </p>
<pid="342d"> First, I need to say something about this article: the reason I’m writing it infuriates me. Worse than installing CS 3 or Acrobat 7 ever did, and the former inspired comparisons to fecophile porn. I’m actually too mad to cuss. Well, not completely, but in this case, I don’t think the people I’m mad at are worth the creativity I try to put into profanity. This is about a brownfield of hypocrisy and viciously deliberate mischaracterization that “shame” cannot even come close to the shame those behind it should feel. </p>
<pid="2e61"> Now, read this post by Samantha Bielefeld: The Elephant in the Room. First, it is a well-written critical piece that raises a few points in a calm, rational, nonconfrontational fashion, exactly the kind of things the pushers of The Great Big Lie say we need more of, as opposed to the screaming that is the norm in such cases. </p>
<pid="cd31"> …sorry, I should explain “The Great Big Lie”. There are several, but in this case, our <em>specific</em> instance of “The Great Big Lie” is about criticism. Over and over, you hear from the very people I am not going to be nice to in this that we need “better” criticsm. Instead of rage and anger, volume and vitriol, we need in-depth rational criticism, that isn’t personal or ad hominem. That it should focus on points, not people. </p>
<pid="ae07"> That, readers, is “The Big Lie”. It is a lie so big that if one ponders the reality of it, as I am going to, one wonders why anyone would believe it. It is a lie and it is one we should stop telling. </p>
</div>
</section>
<sectionname="c360">
<div>
<div>
<pname="a02f"id="a02f">Samantha’s points (I assume you read it, for you are smart people who know the importance of such things) are fairly clear:</p>
<pid="a02f"> Samantha’s points (I assume you read it, for you are smart people who know the importance of such things) are fairly clear: </p>
<ol>
<liname="9213"id="9213">With the release of Overcast 2.0, a product Samantha actually likes, Marco Arment moved to a <ahref="http://www.marco.org/2015/10/09/overcast2"data-href="http://www.marco.org/2015/10/09/overcast2"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">patronage model</a> that will probably be successful for him.</li>
<liname="dfa5"id="dfa5">Arment’s insistence that “<ahref="https://medium.com/@marcoarment/pragmatic-app-pricing-a79fc07218f3"data-href="https://medium.com/@marcoarment/pragmatic-app-pricing-a79fc07218f3"target="_blank">anyone can do this</a>” while technically true, (anyone can in fact, implement this pricing model), also implies that “anyone” can have the kind of success that a developer with Marco’s history, financial status, and deep ties to the Apple News Web is expected to have. This is silly.</li>
<liname="e55d"id="e55d">Marco Arment occupies a fairly unique position in the Apple universe, (gained by hard work and no small talent), and because of that, benefits from a set of privileges that a new developer or even one that has been around for a long time, but isn’t, well, <em>Marco</em>, not only don’t have, but have little chance of attaining anytime soon.</li>
<liname="35fb"id="35fb">Marco has earned his success and is entitled to the benefits and privileges it brings, but he seems rather blind to all of that, and seems to still imagine himself as “two guys in a garage”. This is just not correct.</li>
<liname="38e2"id="38e2">In addition, the benefits and privileges of the above ensure that by releasing Overcast 2 as a free app, with patronage pricing, he has, if not gutted, severely hurt the ability of folks actually selling their apps for an up-front price of not free to continue doing so. This has the effect of accelerating the “race to the bottom” in the podcast listening app segment, which hurts devs who cannot afford to work on a “I don’t really need this money, so whatever you feel like sending is okay” model.</li>
<liid="9213">With the release of Overcast 2.0, a product Samantha actually likes, Marco Arment moved to a <ahref="http://www.marco.org/2015/10/09/overcast2"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">patronage model</a> that will probably be successful for him.</li>
<liid="dfa5">Arment’s insistence that “<atarget="_blank"rel="noopener"href="http://fakehost/@marcoarment/pragmatic-app-pricing-a79fc07218f3">anyone can do this</a>” while technically true, (anyone can in fact, implement this pricing model), also implies that “anyone” can have the kind of success that a developer with Marco’s history, financial status, and deep ties to the Apple News Web is expected to have. This is silly.</li>
<liid="e55d">Marco Arment occupies a fairly unique position in the Apple universe, (gained by hard work and no small talent), and because of that, benefits from a set of privileges that a new developer or even one that has been around for a long time, but isn’t, well, <em>Marco</em>, not only don’t have, but have little chance of attaining anytime soon.</li>
<liid="35fb">Marco has earned his success and is entitled to the benefits and privileges it brings, but he seems rather blind to all of that, and seems to still imagine himself as “two guys in a garage”. This is just not correct.</li>
<liid="38e2">In addition, the benefits and privileges of the above ensure that by releasing Overcast 2 as a free app, with patronage pricing, he has, if not gutted, severely hurt the ability of folks actually selling their apps for an up-front price of not free to continue doing so. This has the effect of accelerating the “race to the bottom” in the podcast listening app segment, which hurts devs who cannot afford to work on a “I don’t really need this money, so whatever you feel like sending is okay” model.</li>
</ol>
<pname="0481"id="0481">None of this is incorrect. None of this is an ad hominem attack in any way. It is just pointing out that a developer of Arment’s stature and status lives in a very different world than someone in East Frog Balls, Arkansas trying to make a living off of App sales. Our dev in EFB doesn’t have the main sites on the Apple web falling all over themselves to review their app the way that Arment does. They’re not friends with the people being The Loop, Daring Fireball, SixColors, iMore, The Mac Observer, etc., yadda.</p>
<pname="5a45"id="5a45">So, our hero, in a fit of well-meaning ignorance writes this piece (posted this morning, 14 Oct. 15) and of course, the response and any criticisms are just as reasonable and thoughtful.</p>
<pname="3bc7"id="3bc7">If you really believe that, you are the most preciously ignorant person in the world, and can I have your seriously charmed life.</p>
</div>
<pid="0481"> None of this is incorrect. None of this is an ad hominem attack in any way. It is just pointing out that a developer of Arment’s stature and status lives in a very different world than someone in East Frog Balls, Arkansas trying to make a living off of App sales. Our dev in EFB doesn’t have the main sites on the Apple web falling all over themselves to review their app the way that Arment does. They’re not friends with the people being The Loop, Daring Fireball, SixColors, iMore, The Mac Observer, etc., yadda. </p>
<pid="5a45"> So, our hero, in a fit of well-meaning ignorance writes this piece (posted this morning, 14 Oct. 15) and of course, the response and any criticisms are just as reasonable and thoughtful. </p>
<pid="3bc7"> If you really believe that, you are the most preciously ignorant person in the world, and can I have your seriously charmed life. </p>
</div>
</section>
<sectionname="2ba2">
<div>
<pid="0fb2"> The response, from all quarters, including Marco, someone who is so sensitive to criticism that the word “useless” is <ahref="http://www.marco.org/2011/03/30/here-is-a-tip-for-all-the-non-developers-out"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">enough to shut him down</a>, who <ahref="https://twitter.com/marcoarment/status/641330113934700544"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">blocked a friend of mine for the high crime of pointing out that his review of podcasting mics centered around higher priced gear and ignored folks without the scratch, who might not be ready for such things</a>, is, in a single word, disgusting. Vomitous even. </p>
<pid="9a6e"> It’s an hours-long dogpile that beggars even my imagination, and I can imagine almost anything. Seriously, it’s all there in <ahref="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld/with_replies"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">Samantha’s Twitter Feed</a>. From what I can tell, she’s understandably shocked over it. I however was not. This one comment in her feed made me smile (warning, this wanders a bit…er…LOT. Twitter timelines are not easy to put together): </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="3271"> I can see why you have some reservations about publishing it, but my gut feeling is that he would take it better than Nilay. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="ec72"> Oh honey, bless your sweet, ignorant heart. Marco is one of the biggest pushers of The Big Lie, and one of the reasons it is <em>such</em> a lie. </p>
<pid="5cc4"> But it gets better. First, you have the “hey, Marco <em>earned</em> his status!” lot. A valid point, and one Bielefeld explicitly acknowledges, here: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="4e5f"> From his ground floor involvement in Tumblr (for which he is now a millionaire), to the creation and sale of a wildly successful app called Instapaper, he has become a household name in technology minded circles. It is this extensive time spent in the spotlight, the huge following on Twitter, and dedicated listeners of his weekly aired Accidental Tech Podcast, that has granted him the freedom to break from seeking revenue in more traditional manners. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="cee9"> and here: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="3f1b"> I’m not knocking his success, he has put effort into his line of work, and has built his own life. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="e527"> and here: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="3e4f"> He has earned his time in the spotlight, and it’s only natural for him to take advantage of it. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="8a01"> But still, you get the people telling her something she already acknowledge: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="7685"> I don’t think he’s blind. he’s worked to where he has gotten and has had failures like everyone else. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="b151"> Thank you for restating something in the article. To the person who wrote it. </p>
<pid="87bc"> In the original article, Samantha talked about the money Marco makes from his podcast. She based that on the numbers <ahref="http://atp.fm/sponsor/"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">provided by ATP in terms of sponsorship rates</a> and the number of current sponsors the podcast has. Is this going to yield perfect numbers? No. But the numbers you get from it will at least be reasonable, or should be unless the published sponsorship rates are just fantasy, and you’re stupid for taking them seriously. </p>
<pid="dbda"> At first, she went with a simple formula: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="1b4e"> $4K x 3 per episode = $12K x 52 weeks / 3 hosts splitting it. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="0b33"> That’s not someone making shit up, right? Rather quickly, someone pointed out that she’d made an error in how she calculated it: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="76d7"> That’s $4k per ad, no? So more like $12–16k per episode. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="a089"> She’d already realized her mistake and fixed it. </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="b369"> which is actually wrong, and I’m correcting now. $4,000 per sponsor, per episode! So, $210,000 per year. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="8b3b"> Again, this is based on <em>publicly available data</em> the only kind someone not part of ATP or a close friend of Arment has access to. So while her numbers may be wrong, if they are, there’s no way for her to know that. She’s basing her opinion on actual available data. Which is sadly rare. </p>
<pid="135a"> This becomes a huge flashpoint. You name a reason to attack her over this, people do. No really. For example, she’s not calculating his <em>income taxes correctly</em>: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="5e7e"> especially since it isn’t his only source of income thus, not an indicator of his marginal inc. tax bracket. </p>
<pid="6036"> thus, guessing net income is more haphazard than stating approx. gross income. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="aac1"> Ye Gods. She’s not doing his taxes for him, her point is invalid? </p>
<pid="600f"> Then there’s the people who seem to have not read anything past what other people are telling them: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="9b62"> Not sure what to make of your Marco piece, to be honest. You mention his fame, whatever, but what’s the main idea here? </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="c18a"> Just how spoon-fed do you have to be? Have you no teeth? </p>
<pid="c445"> Of course, Marco jumps in, and predictably, he’s snippy: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="0c21"> If you’re going to speak in precise absolutes, it’s best to first ensure that you’re correct. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="8f8d"> If you’re going to be like that, it’s best to provide better data. Don’t get snippy when someone is going off the only data available, and is clearly open to revising based on better data. </p>
<pid="cc97"> Then Marco’s friends/fans get into it: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="f9da"> I really don’t understand why it’s anyone’s business </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="0094"> Samantha is trying to qualify for sainthood at this point: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="0105"> It isn’t really, it was a way of putting his income in context in regards to his ability to gamble with Overcast. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="cdd1"> Again, she’s trying to drag people back to her actual point, but no one is going to play. The storm has begun. Then we get people who are just spouting nonsense: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="f56c"> Why is that only relevant for him? It’s a pretty weird metric,especially since his apps aren’t free. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="4fef"> Wha?? Overcast 2 is absolutely free. Samantha points this out: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="0f36"> His app is free, that’s what sparked the article to begin with. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="40d2"> The response is literally a parallel to “How can there be global warming if it snowed today in my town?” </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="6760"> If it’s free, how have I paid for it? Twice? </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="7b13"> She is still trying: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="44ba"> You paid $4.99 to unlock functionality in Overcast 1.0 and you chose to support him with no additional functionality in 2.0 </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="2152"> He is having none of it. IT SNOWED! SNOWWWWWWW! </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="99a6"> Yes. That’s not free. Free is when you choose not to make money. And that can be weaponized. But that’s not what Overcast does. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="5e6f"> She however, is relentless: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="1b0f"> No, it’s still free. You can choose to support it, you are required to pay $4.99 for Pocket Casts. Totally different model. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="d24f"> Dude seems to give up. (Note: allllll the people bagging on her are men. All of them. Mansplaining like hell. And I’d bet every one of them considers themselves a feminist.) </p>
<pid="10e1"> We get another guy trying to push the narrative she’s punishing him for his success, which is just…it’s stupid, okay? Stupid. </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="9b01"> It also wasn’t my point in writing my piece today, but it seems to be everyone’s focus. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="340c"> (UNDERSTATEMENT OF THE YEAR) </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="7244"> I think the focus should be more on that fact that while it’s difficult, Marco spent years building his audience. </p>
<pid="ffb1"> It doesn’t matter what he makes it how he charges. If the audience be earned is willing to pay for it, awesome. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="e44e"> She tries, oh lord, she tries: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="a502"> To assert that he isn’t doing anything any other dev couldn’t, is wrong. It’s successful because it’s Marco. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="7dcd"> But no, HE KNOWS HER POINT BETTER THAN SHE DOES: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="a62a"> No, it’s successful because he busted his ass to make it so. It’s like any other business. He grew it. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="df8c"> Christ. This is like a field of strawmen. Stupid ones. Very stupid ones. </p>
<pid="521a"> One guy tries to blame it all on Apple, another in a string of Wha??? moments: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="d80d"> the appropriate context is Apple’s App Store policies. Other devs aren’t Marco’s responsibility </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="db0b"> Seriously? Dude, are you even trying to talk about what Samantha actually wrote? At this point, Samantha is clearly mystified at the entire thing: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="7a78"> Why has the conversation suddenly turned to focus on nothing more than ATP sponsorship income? </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="6e09"> Because it’s a nit they can pick and allows them to ignore everything you wrote. That’s the only reason. </p>
<pid="b7db"> One guy is “confused”: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="3626"> I see. He does have clout, so are you saying he’s too modest in how he sees himself as a dev? </p>
<pid="9daa"> Yes. He can’t be equated to the vast majority of other developers. Like calling Gruber, “just another blogger”. </p>
<pid="f6da"> Alright, that’s fair. I was just confused by the $ and fame angle at first. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="d5b1"> Samantha’s point centers on the benefits Marco gains via his fame and background. <em>HOW DO YOU NOT MENTION THAT? HOW IS THAT CONFUSING?</em>
</p>
<pid="58d0"> People of course are telling her it’s her fault for mentioning a salient fact at all: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="30d2"> Why has the conversation suddenly turned to focus on nothing more than ATP sponsorship income? </p>
<pid="765b"> Maybe because you went there with your article? </p>
<pid="61fe"> As a way of rationalizing his ability to gamble with the potential for Overcast to generate income…not the norm at all. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="f17c"> Of course, had she not brought up those important points, she’d have been bagged on for “not providing proof”. Lose some, lose more. By now, she’s had enough and she just deletes all mention of it. Understandable, but sad she was bullied into doing that. </p>
<pid="0b60"> Yes, bullied. That’s all this is. Bullying. She didn’t lie, cheat, or exaagerate. If her numbers were wrong, they weren’t wrong in a way she had any ability to do anything about. But there’s blood in the water, and the comments and attacks get worse: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="65ab"> Because you decided to start a conversation about someone else’s personal shit. You started this war. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="1adb"> War. THIS. IS. WAR. </p>
<pid="de94"> This is a bunch of nerds attacking someone for reasoned, calm, <em>polite</em> criticism of their friend/idol. Samantha is politely pushing back a bit: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="4458"> That doesn’t explain why every other part of my article is being pushed aside. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="aeac"> She’s right. This is all nonsense. This is people ignoring her article completely, just looking for things to attack so it can be dismissed. It’s tribalism at its purest. </p>
<pid="0078"> Then some of the other annointed get into it, including Jason Snell in one of the most spectactular displays of “I have special knowledge you can’t be expected to have, therefore you are totally off base and wrong, even though there’s no way for you to know this” I’ve seen in a while. Jason: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="c4c9"> You should never use an ad rate card to estimate ad revenue from any media product ever. </p>
<pid="b66b"> I learned this when I started working for a magazine — rate cards are mostly fiction, like prices on new cars </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="6907"> How…exactly…in the name of whatever deity Jason may believe in…is Samantha or anyone not “in the biz” supposed to know this. Also, what exactly does a magazine on paper like Macworld have to do with sponsorships for a podcast? I have done podcasts that were sponsored, and I can retaliate with “we charged what the rate card said we did. <em>Checkmate Elitests!</em>” </p>
<pid="41ec"> Samantha basically abases herself at his feet: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="0b14"> I understand my mistake, and it’s unfortunate that it has completely diluted the point of my article. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="590f"> I think she should have told him where and how to stuff that nonsense, but she’s a nicer person than I am. Also, it’s appropriate that Jason’s twitter avatar has its nose in the air. This is some rank snobbery. It’s disgusting and if anyone pulled that on him, Jason would be very upset. But hey, one cannot criticize The Marco without getting pushback. By “pushback”, I mean “an unrelenting fecal flood”. </p>
<pid="69dc"> Her only mistake was criticizing one of the Kool Kids. Folks, if you criticize anyone in The Deck Clique, or their friends, expect the same thing, regardless of tone or point. </p>
<pid="5ab4"> Another App Dev, seemingly unable to parse Samantha’s words, needs <em>more</em> explanation: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="957b"> so just looking over your mentions, I’m curious what exactly was your main point? Ignoring the podcast income bits. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="0a7e"> Oh wait, he didn’t even read the article. Good on you, Dev Guy, good. on. you. Still, she plays nice <em>with someone who didn’t even read her article</em>: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="f7db"> That a typical unknown developer can’t depend on patronage to generate revenue, and charging for apps will become a negative. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="937f"> Marco comes back of course, and now basically accuses her of lying about other devs talking to her and supporting her point: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="c9dd"> How many actual developers did you hear from, really? Funny how almost nobody wants to give a (real) name on these accusations. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="c522"> Really? You’re going to do that? “There’s no name, so I don’t think it’s a real person.” Just…what’s the Joe Welch quote from the McCarthy hearings? </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="907e"> Let us not assassinate this lad further, Senator. You’ve done enough. Have you no sense of decency, sir? At long last, have you left no sense of decency? </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="2158"> That is what this is at this point: character assasination because she said something critical of A Popular Person. It’s disgusting. Depressing and disgusting. No one, none of these people have seriously discussed her point, heck, it looks like they barely bothered to read it, if they did at all. </p>
<pid="13f8"> Marco starts getting really petty with her (no big shock) and Samantha finally starts pushing back: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="96c6"> Glad to see you be the bigger person and ignore the mindset of so many developers not relating to you, good for you! </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="5d3f"> That of course, is what caused Marco to question the validity, if not the existence of her sources. (Funny how anonymous sources are totes okay when they convenience Marco et al, and work for oh, <em>Apple</em>, but when they are inconvenient? Ha! PROVIDE ME PROOF YOU INTEMPERATE WOMAN!) </p>
<pid="c07c"> Make no mistake, there’s some sexist shit going on here. Every tweet I’ve quoted was authored by a guy. </p>
<pid="8b32"> Of course, Marco has to play the “I’ve been around longer than you” card with this bon mot: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="de26"> Yup, before you existed! </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="a3bd"> Really dude? I mean, I’m sorry about the penis, but really? </p>
<pid="1c51"> Mind you, when the criticism isn’t just bizarrely stupid, Samantha reacts the way Marco and his ilk claim they would to (if they ever got any <em>valid</em> criticism. Which clearly is impossible): </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="9848"> Not to get into the middle of this, but “income” is not the term you’re looking for. “Revenue” is. </p>
<pid="f2a6"> lol. Noted. </p>
<pid="aed9"> And I wasn’t intending to be a dick, just a lot of people hear/say “income” when they intend “revenue”, and then discussion … </p>
<pid="f9d8"> … gets derailed by a jedi handwave of “Expenses”. But outside of charitable donation, it is all directly related. </p>
<pid="f61c"> haha. Thank you for the clarification. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="5dd9"> Note to Marco and the other…whatever they are…that is how one reacts to that kind of criticism. With a bit of humor and self-deprecation. You should try it sometime. For real, not just in your heads or conversations in Irish Pubs in S.F. </p>
<pid="dc44"> But now, the door has been cracked, and the cheap shots come out: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="0c94"> @testflight_app: Don’t worry guys, we process <ahref="https://twitter.com/marcoarment"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@marcoarment</a>’s apps in direct proportion to his megabucks earnings. <ahref="https://twitter.com/hashtag/fairelephant?src=hash"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">#fairelephant</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<pid="343b"> (Note: testflight_app is a parody account. Please do not mess with the actual testflight folks. They are still cool.) </p>
<pid="09bf"> Or this…conversation: </p>
<figure>
<div>
<pname="0fb2"id="0fb2">The response, from all quarters, including Marco, someone who is so sensitive to criticism that the word “useless” is <ahref="http://www.marco.org/2011/03/30/here-is-a-tip-for-all-the-non-developers-out"data-href="http://www.marco.org/2011/03/30/here-is-a-tip-for-all-the-non-developers-out"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">enough to shut him down</a>, who <ahref="https://twitter.com/marcoarment/status/641330113934700544"data-href="https://twitter.com/marcoarment/status/641330113934700544"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">blocked a friend of mine for the high crime of pointing out that his review of podcasting mics centered around higher priced gear and ignored folks without the scratch, who might not be ready for such things</a>, is, in a single word, disgusting. Vomitous even.</p>
<pname="9a6e"id="9a6e">It’s an hours-long dogpile that beggars even my imagination, and I can imagine almost anything. Seriously, it’s all there in <ahref="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld/with_replies"data-href="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld/with_replies"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">Samantha’s Twitter Feed</a>. From what I can tell, she’s understandably shocked over it. I however was not. This one comment in her feed made me smile (warning, this wanders a bit…er…LOT. Twitter timelines are not easy to put together):</p>
<blockquotename="3271"id="3271">I can see why you have some reservations about publishing it, but my gut feeling is that he would take it better than Nilay.</blockquote>
<pname="ec72"id="ec72">Oh honey, bless your sweet, ignorant heart. Marco is one of the biggest pushers of The Big Lie, and one of the reasons it is <em>such</em> a lie.</p>
<pname="5cc4"id="5cc4">But it gets better. First, you have the “hey, Marco <em>earned</em> his status!” lot. A valid point, and one Bielefeld explicitly acknowledges, here:</p>
<blockquotename="4e5f"id="4e5f">From his ground floor involvement in Tumblr (for which he is now a millionaire), to the creation and sale of a wildly successful app called Instapaper, he has become a household name in technology minded circles. It is this extensive time spent in the spotlight, the huge following on Twitter, and dedicated listeners of his weekly aired Accidental Tech Podcast, that has granted him the freedom to break from seeking revenue in more traditional manners.</blockquote>
<pname="cee9"id="cee9">and here:</p>
<blockquotename="3f1b"id="3f1b">I’m not knocking his success, he has put effort into his line of work, and has built his own life.</blockquote>
<pname="e527"id="e527">and here:</p>
<blockquotename="3e4f"id="3e4f">He has earned his time in the spotlight, and it’s only natural for him to take advantage of it.</blockquote>
<pname="8a01"id="8a01">But still, you get the people telling her something she already acknowledge:</p>
<blockquotename="7685"id="7685">I don’t think he’s blind. he’s worked to where he has gotten and has had failures like everyone else.</blockquote>
<pname="b151"id="b151">Thank you for restating something in the article. To the person who wrote it.</p>
<pname="87bc"id="87bc">In the original article, Samantha talked about the money Marco makes from his podcast. She based that on the numbers <ahref="http://atp.fm/sponsor/"data-href="http://atp.fm/sponsor/"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">provided by ATP in terms of sponsorship rates</a> and the number of current sponsors the podcast has. Is this going to yield perfect numbers? No. But the numbers you get from it will at least be reasonable, or should be unless the published sponsorship rates are just fantasy, and you’re stupid for taking them seriously.</p>
<pname="dbda"id="dbda">At first, she went with a simple formula:</p>
<blockquotename="1b4e"id="1b4e">$4K x 3 per episode = $12K x 52 weeks / 3 hosts splitting it.</blockquote>
<pname="0b33"id="0b33">That’s not someone making shit up, right? Rather quickly, someone pointed out that she’d made an error in how she calculated it:</p>
<blockquotename="76d7"id="76d7">That’s $4k per ad, no? So more like $12–16k per episode.</blockquote>
<pname="a089"id="a089">She’d already realized her mistake and fixed it.</p>
<blockquotename="b369"id="b369">which is actually wrong, and I’m correcting now. $4,000 per sponsor, per episode! So, $210,000 per year.</blockquote>
<pname="8b3b"id="8b3b">Again, this is based on <em>publicly available data</em> the only kind someone not part of ATP or a close friend of Arment has access to. So while her numbers may be wrong, if they are, there’s no way for her to know that. She’s basing her opinion on actual available data. Which is sadly rare.</p>
<pname="135a"id="135a">This becomes a huge flashpoint. You name a reason to attack her over this, people do. No really. For example, she’s not calculating his <em>income taxes correctly</em>:</p>
<blockquotename="5e7e"id="5e7e">especially since it isn’t his only source of income thus, not an indicator of his marginal inc. tax bracket.</blockquote>
<blockquotename="6036"id="6036">thus, guessing net income is more haphazard than stating approx. gross income.</blockquote>
<pname="aac1"id="aac1">Ye Gods. She’s not doing his taxes for him, her point is invalid?</p>
<pname="600f"id="600f">Then there’s the people who seem to have not read anything past what other people are telling them:</p>
<blockquotename="9b62"id="9b62">Not sure what to make of your Marco piece, to be honest. You mention his fame, whatever, but what’s the main idea here?</blockquote>
<pname="c18a"id="c18a">Just how spoon-fed do you have to be? Have you no teeth?</p>
<pname="c445"id="c445">Of course, Marco jumps in, and predictably, he’s snippy:</p>
<blockquotename="0c21"id="0c21">If you’re going to speak in precise absolutes, it’s best to first ensure that you’re correct.</blockquote>
<pname="8f8d"id="8f8d">If you’re going to be like that, it’s best to provide better data. Don’t get snippy when someone is going off the only data available, and is clearly open to revising based on better data.</p>
<pname="cc97"id="cc97">Then Marco’s friends/fans get into it:</p>
<pname="0094"id="0094">Samantha is trying to qualify for sainthood at this point:</p>
<blockquotename="0105"id="0105">It isn’t really, it was a way of putting his income in context in regards to his ability to gamble with Overcast.</blockquote>
<pname="cdd1"id="cdd1">Again, she’s trying to drag people back to her actual point, but no one is going to play. The storm has begun. Then we get people who are just spouting nonsense:</p>
<blockquotename="f56c"id="f56c">Why is that only relevant for him? It’s a pretty weird metric,especially since his apps aren’t free.</blockquote>
<pname="4fef"id="4fef">Wha?? Overcast 2 is absolutely free. Samantha points this out:</p>
<blockquotename="0f36"id="0f36">His app is free, that’s what sparked the article to begin with.</blockquote>
<pname="40d2"id="40d2">The response is literally a parallel to “How can there be global warming if it snowed today in my town?”</p>
<blockquotename="6760"id="6760">If it’s free, how have I paid for it? Twice?</blockquote>
<pname="7b13"id="7b13">She is still trying:</p>
<blockquotename="44ba"id="44ba">You paid $4.99 to unlock functionality in Overcast 1.0 and you chose to support him with no additional functionality in 2.0</blockquote>
<pname="2152"id="2152">He is having none of it. IT SNOWED! SNOWWWWWWW!</p>
<blockquotename="99a6"id="99a6">Yes. That’s not free. Free is when you choose not to make money. And that can be weaponized. But that’s not what Overcast does.</blockquote>
<pname="5e6f"id="5e6f">She however, is relentless:</p>
<blockquotename="1b0f"id="1b0f">No, it’s still free. You can choose to support it, you are required to pay $4.99 for Pocket Casts. Totally different model.</blockquote>
<pname="d24f"id="d24f">Dude seems to give up. (Note: allllll the people bagging on her are men. All of them. Mansplaining like hell. And I’d bet every one of them considers themselves a feminist.)</p>
<pname="10e1"id="10e1">We get another guy trying to push the narrative she’s punishing him for his success, which is just…it’s stupid, okay? Stupid.</p>
<blockquotename="9b01"id="9b01">It also wasn’t my point in writing my piece today, but it seems to be everyone’s focus.</blockquote>
<pname="340c"id="340c">(UNDERSTATEMENT OF THE YEAR)</p>
<blockquotename="7244"id="7244">I think the focus should be more on that fact that while it’s difficult, Marco spent years building his audience.</blockquote>
<blockquotename="ffb1"id="ffb1">It doesn’t matter what he makes it how he charges. If the audience be earned is willing to pay for it, awesome.</blockquote>
<pname="e44e"id="e44e">She tries, oh lord, she tries:</p>
<blockquotename="a502"id="a502">To assert that he isn’t doing anything any other dev couldn’t, is wrong. It’s successful because it’s Marco.</blockquote>
<pname="7dcd"id="7dcd">But no, HE KNOWS HER POINT BETTER THAN SHE DOES:</p>
<blockquotename="a62a"id="a62a">No, it’s successful because he busted his ass to make it so. It’s like any other business. He grew it.</blockquote>
<pname="df8c"id="df8c">Christ. This is like a field of strawmen. Stupid ones. Very stupid ones.</p>
<pname="521a"id="521a">One guy tries to blame it all on Apple, another in a string of Wha??? moments:</p>
<blockquotename="d80d"id="d80d">the appropriate context is Apple’s App Store policies. Other devs aren’t Marco’s responsibility</blockquote>
<pname="db0b"id="db0b">Seriously? Dude, are you even trying to talk about what Samantha actually wrote? At this point, Samantha is clearly mystified at the entire thing:</p>
<blockquotename="7a78"id="7a78">Why has the conversation suddenly turned to focus on nothing more than ATP sponsorship income?</blockquote>
<pname="6e09"id="6e09">Because it’s a nit they can pick and allows them to ignore everything you wrote. That’s the only reason.</p>
<pname="b7db"id="b7db">One guy is “confused”:</p>
<blockquotename="3626"id="3626">I see. He does have clout, so are you saying he’s too modest in how he sees himself as a dev?</blockquote>
<blockquotename="9daa"id="9daa">Yes. He can’t be equated to the vast majority of other developers. Like calling Gruber, “just another blogger”.</blockquote>
<blockquotename="f6da"id="f6da">Alright, that’s fair. I was just confused by the $ and fame angle at first.</blockquote>
<pname="d5b1"id="d5b1">Samantha’s point centers on the benefits Marco gains via his fame and background. <em>HOW DO YOU NOT MENTION THAT? HOW IS THAT CONFUSING?</em></p>
<pname="58d0"id="58d0">People of course are telling her it’s her fault for mentioning a salient fact at all:</p>
<blockquotename="30d2"id="30d2">Why has the conversation suddenly turned to focus on nothing more than ATP sponsorship income?</blockquote>
<blockquotename="765b"id="765b">Maybe because you went there with your article?</blockquote>
<blockquotename="61fe"id="61fe">As a way of rationalizing his ability to gamble with the potential for Overcast to generate income…not the norm at all.</blockquote>
<pname="f17c"id="f17c">Of course, had she not brought up those important points, she’d have been bagged on for “not providing proof”. Lose some, lose more. By now, she’s had enough and she just deletes all mention of it. Understandable, but sad she was bullied into doing that.</p>
<pname="0b60"id="0b60">Yes, bullied. That’s all this is. Bullying. She didn’t lie, cheat, or exaagerate. If her numbers were wrong, they weren’t wrong in a way she had any ability to do anything about. But there’s blood in the water, and the comments and attacks get worse:</p>
<blockquotename="65ab"id="65ab">Because you decided to start a conversation about someone else’s personal shit. You started this war.</blockquote>
<pname="1adb"id="1adb">War. THIS. IS. WAR.</p>
<pname="de94"id="de94">This is a bunch of nerds attacking someone for reasoned, calm, <em>polite</em> criticism of their friend/idol. Samantha is politely pushing back a bit:</p>
<blockquotename="4458"id="4458">That doesn’t explain why every other part of my article is being pushed aside.</blockquote>
<pname="aeac"id="aeac">She’s right. This is all nonsense. This is people ignoring her article completely, just looking for things to attack so it can be dismissed. It’s tribalism at its purest.</p>
<pname="0078"id="0078">Then some of the other annointed get into it, including Jason Snell in one of the most spectactular displays of “I have special knowledge you can’t be expected to have, therefore you are totally off base and wrong, even though there’s no way for you to know this” I’ve seen in a while. Jason:</p>
<blockquotename="c4c9"id="c4c9">You should never use an ad rate card to estimate ad revenue from any media product ever.</blockquote>
<blockquotename="b66b"id="b66b">I learned this when I started working for a magazine—rate cards are mostly fiction, like prices on new cars</blockquote>
<pname="6907"id="6907">How…exactly…in the name of whatever deity Jason may believe in…is Samantha or anyone not “in the biz” supposed to know this. Also, what exactly does a magazine on paper like Macworld have to do with sponsorships for a podcast? I have done podcasts that were sponsored, and I can retaliate with “we charged what the rate card said we did. <em>Checkmate Elitests!</em>”</p>
<pname="41ec"id="41ec">Samantha basically abases herself at his feet:</p>
<blockquotename="0b14"id="0b14">I understand my mistake, and it’s unfortunate that it has completely diluted the point of my article.</blockquote>
<pname="590f"id="590f">I think she should have told him where and how to stuff that nonsense, but she’s a nicer person than I am. Also, it’s appropriate that Jason’s twitter avatar has its nose in the air. This is some rank snobbery. It’s disgusting and if anyone pulled that on him, Jason would be very upset. But hey, one cannot criticize The Marco without getting pushback. By “pushback”, I mean “an unrelenting fecal flood”.</p>
<pname="69dc"id="69dc">Her only mistake was criticizing one of the Kool Kids. Folks, if you criticize anyone in The Deck Clique, or their friends, expect the same thing, regardless of tone or point.</p>
<blockquotename="957b"id="957b">so just looking over your mentions, I’m curious what exactly was your main point? Ignoring the podcast income bits.</blockquote>
<pname="0a7e"id="0a7e">Oh wait, he didn’t even read the article. Good on you, Dev Guy, good. on. you. Still, she plays nice <em>with someone who didn’t even read her article</em>:</p>
<blockquotename="f7db"id="f7db">That a typical unknown developer can’t depend on patronage to generate revenue, and charging for apps will become a negative.</blockquote>
<pname="937f"id="937f">Marco comes back of course, and now basically accuses her of lying about other devs talking to her and supporting her point:</p>
<blockquotename="c9dd"id="c9dd">How many actual developers did you hear from, really? Funny how almost nobody wants to give a (real) name on these accusations.</blockquote>
<pname="c522"id="c522">Really? You’re going to do that? “There’s no name, so I don’t think it’s a real person.” Just…what’s the Joe Welch quote from the McCarthy hearings?</p>
<blockquotename="907e"id="907e">Let us not assassinate this lad further, Senator. You’ve done enough. Have you no sense of decency, sir? At long last, have you left no sense of decency?</blockquote>
<pname="2158"id="2158">That is what this is at this point: character assasination because she said something critical of A Popular Person. It’s disgusting. Depressing and disgusting. No one, none of these people have seriously discussed her point, heck, it looks like they barely bothered to read it, if they did at all.</p>
<pname="13f8"id="13f8">Marco starts getting really petty with her (no big shock) and Samantha finally starts pushing back:</p>
<blockquotename="96c6"id="96c6">Glad to see you be the bigger person and ignore the mindset of so many developers not relating to you, good for you!</blockquote>
<pname="5d3f"id="5d3f">That of course, is what caused Marco to question the validity, if not the existence of her sources. (Funny how anonymous sources are totes okay when they convenience Marco et al, and work for oh, <em>Apple</em>, but when they are inconvenient? Ha! PROVIDE ME PROOF YOU INTEMPERATE WOMAN!)</p>
<pname="c07c"id="c07c">Make no mistake, there’s some sexist shit going on here. Every tweet I’ve quoted was authored by a guy.</p>
<pname="8b32"id="8b32">Of course, Marco has to play the “I’ve been around longer than you” card with this bon mot:</p>
<blockquotename="de26"id="de26">Yup, before you existed!</blockquote>
<pname="a3bd"id="a3bd">Really dude? I mean, I’m sorry about the penis, but really?</p>
<pname="1c51"id="1c51">Mind you, when the criticism isn’t just bizarrely stupid, Samantha reacts the way Marco and his ilk claim they would to (if they ever got any <em>valid</em> criticism. Which clearly is impossible):</p>
<blockquotename="9848"id="9848">Not to get into the middle of this, but “income” is not the term you’re looking for. “Revenue” is.</blockquote>
<blockquotename="aed9"id="aed9">And I wasn’t intending to be a dick, just a lot of people hear/say “income” when they intend “revenue”, and then discussion …</blockquote>
<blockquotename="f9d8"id="f9d8">… gets derailed by a jedi handwave of “Expenses”. But outside of charitable donation, it is all directly related.</blockquote>
<blockquotename="f61c"id="f61c">haha. Thank you for the clarification.</blockquote>
<pname="5dd9"id="5dd9">Note to Marco and the other…whatever they are…that is how one reacts to that kind of criticism. With a bit of humor and self-deprecation. You should try it sometime. For real, not just in your heads or conversations in Irish Pubs in S.F.</p>
<pname="dc44"id="dc44">But now, the door has been cracked, and the cheap shots come out:</p>
<blockquotename="0c94"id="0c94">@testflight_app: Don’t worry guys, we process <ahref="https://twitter.com/marcoarment"data-href="https://twitter.com/marcoarment"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@marcoarment</a>’s apps in direct proportion to his megabucks earnings. <ahref="https://twitter.com/hashtag/fairelephant?src=hash"data-href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/fairelephant?src=hash"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">#fairelephant</a></blockquote>
<pname="343b"id="343b">(Note: testflight_app is a parody account. Please do not mess with the actual testflight folks. They are still cool.)</p>
<pname="09bf"id="09bf">Or this…conversation:</p>
<figurename="4d63"id="4d63">
<div></div>
</figure>
<pname="f2a3"id="f2a3">Good job guys. Good job. Defend the tribe. Attack the other. Frederico attempts to recover from his stunning display of demeaning douchery: <ahref="https://twitter.com/viticci"data-href="https://twitter.com/viticci"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@viticci</a>: <ahref="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"data-href="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@s_bielefeld</a> I don’t know if it’s an Italian thing, but counting other people’s money is especially weird for me. IMO, bad move in the post.</p>
<pname="ae0c"id="ae0c">Samantha is clearly sick of his crap: <ahref="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"data-href="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@s_bielefeld</a>: <ahref="https://twitter.com/viticci"data-href="https://twitter.com/viticci"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@viticci</a> That’s what I’m referring to, the mistake of ever having mentioned it. So, now, Marco can ignore the bigger issue and go on living.</p>
<pname="2047"id="2047">Good for her. There’s being patient and being roadkill.</p>
<pname="4139"id="4139">Samantha does put the call out for her sources to maybe let her use their names:</p>
<blockquotename="6626"id="6626">From all of you I heard from earlier, anyone care to go on record?</blockquote>
<pname="8a7d"id="8a7d">My good friend, The Angry Drunk points out the obvious problem:</p>
<blockquotename="68c9"id="68c9">Nobody’s going to go on record when they count on Marco’s friends for their PR.</blockquote>
<pname="317d"id="317d">This is true. Again, the sites that are Friends of Marco:</p>
<pname="9523"id="9523">Daring Fireball</p>
<pname="dbc7"id="dbc7">The Loop</p>
<pname="c706"id="c706">SixColors</p>
<pname="0acb"id="0acb">iMore</p>
<pname="8c8c"id="8c8c">MacStories</p>
<pname="643e"id="643e">A few others, but I want this post to end one day.</p>
<pname="6b76"id="6b76">You piss that crew off, and given how petty rather a few of them have demonstrated they are, good luck on getting any kind of notice from them.</p>
<pname="f7d1"id="f7d1">Of course, the idea this could happen is just craycray:</p>
<blockquotename="de59"id="de59"><ahref="https://twitter.com/KevinColeman"data-href="https://twitter.com/KevinColeman"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@KevinColeman </a><ahref="https://twitter.com/Angry_Drunk"data-href="https://twitter.com/Angry_Drunk"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">.@Angry_Drunk</a><ahref="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"data-href="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@s_bielefeld</a><ahref="https://twitter.com/marcoarment"data-href="https://twitter.com/marcoarment"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@marcoarment</a> Wow, you guys are veering right into crazy conspiracy theory territory. <ahref="https://twitter.com/hashtag/JetFuelCantMeltSteelBeams?src=hash"data-href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/JetFuelCantMeltSteelBeams?src=hash"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">#JetFuelCantMeltSteelBeams</a></blockquote>
<pname="f01b"id="f01b">Yeah. Because a mature person like Marco would never do anything like that.</p>
<pname="7e30"id="7e30">Of course, the real point on this is starting to happen:</p>
<blockquotename="5d93"id="5d93">you’re getting a lot of heat now but happy you are writing things that stir up the community. Hope you continue to be a voice!</blockquote>
<blockquotename="436b"id="436b">I doubt I will.</blockquote>
<pname="ac25"id="ac25">See, they’ve done their job. Mess with the bull, you get the horns. Maybe you should find another thing to write about, this isn’t a good place for you. <em>Great</em> job y’all.</p>
<pname="07ba"id="07ba">Some people aren’t even pretending. They’re just in full strawman mode:</p>
<blockquotename="3d60"id="3d60"><ahref="https://twitter.com/timkeller"data-href="https://twitter.com/timkeller"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@timkeller: </a>Unfair to begrudge a person for leveraging past success, especially when that success is earned. No ‘luck’ involved.</blockquote>
<blockquotename="87f5"id="87f5"><ahref="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"data-href="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@s_bielefeld: </a><ahref="https://twitter.com/timkeller"data-href="https://twitter.com/timkeller"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@timkeller</a> I plainly stated that I don’t hold his doing this against him. Way to twist words.</blockquote>
<pname="3720"id="3720">I think she’s earned her anger at this point.</p>
<pname="7341"id="7341">Don’t worry, Marco knows what the real problem is: most devs just suck —</p>
<figurename="babe"id="babe">
<div></div>
</figure>
<pname="503d"id="503d">I have a saying that applies in this case: don’t place your head so far up your nethers that you go full Klein Bottle. Marco has gone full Klein Bottle. (To be correct, he went FKB some years ago.)</p>
<pname="b8c0"id="b8c0">There are some bright spots. My favorite is when Building Twenty points out the <em>real</em> elephant in the room:</p>
<blockquotename="36f4"id="36f4"><ahref="https://twitter.com/BuildingTwenty"data-href="https://twitter.com/BuildingTwenty"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@BuildingTwenty</a>: Both <ahref="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"data-href="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@s_bielefeld</a>& I wrote similar critiques of <ahref="https://twitter.com/marcoarment"data-href="https://twitter.com/marcoarment"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">@marcoarment</a>’s pricing model yet the Internet pilloried only the woman. Who’d have guessed?</blockquote>
<pname="06b9"id="06b9">Yup.</p>
<pname="eff9"id="eff9">Another bright spot are these comments from Ian Betteridge, who has been doing this <em>even longer than Marco</em>:</p>
<blockquotename="18f1"id="18f1">You know, any writer who has never made a single factual error in a piece hasn’t ever written anything worth reading.</blockquote>
<blockquotename="9776"id="9776">I learned my job with the support of people who helped me. Had I suffered an Internet pile on for every error I wouldn’t have bothered.</blockquote>
<pname="8d44"id="8d44">To which Samantha understandably replies:</p>
<blockquotename="7147"id="7147">and it’s honestly something I’m contemplating right now, whether to continue…</blockquote>
<pname="e0cd"id="e0cd">Gee, I can’t imagine why. Why with comments like this from Chris Breen that completely misrepresent Samantha’s point, (who until today, I would have absolutely defended as being better than this, something I am genuinely saddened to be wrong about), why wouldn’t she want to continue doing this?</p>
<blockquotename="a379"id="a379">If I have this right, some people are outraged that a creator has decided to give away his work.</blockquote>
<pname="f026"id="f026">No Chris, you don’t have this right. But hey, who has time to find out the real issue and read an article. I’m sure your friends told you everything you need to know.</p>
<pname="e1c2"id="e1c2">Noted Feminist Glenn Fleishman gets a piece of the action too:</p>
<figurename="067c"id="067c">
<div></div>
</figure>
<pname="4df8"id="4df8">I’m not actually surprised here. I watched Fleishman berate a friend of mine who has been an engineer for…heck, waaaaay too long on major software products in the most condescending way because she tried to point out that as a <em>very</em> technical woman, “The Magazine” literally had nothing to say to her and maybe he should fix that. “Impertinent” was I believe what he called her, but I may have the specific word wrong. Not the attitude mind you. Great Feminists like Glenn do not like uppity women criticizing Great Feminists who are their Great Allies.</p>
<pname="bf45"id="bf45">Great Feminists are often tools.</p>
</div>
<p><imgalt="Image for post"src="https://miro.medium.com/max/796/1*kbPh7V97eyRodSOw2-ALDw.png"width="398"height="542"srcset="https://miro.medium.com/max/552/1*kbPh7V97eyRodSOw2-ALDw.png 276w, https://miro.medium.com/max/796/1*kbPh7V97eyRodSOw2-ALDw.png 398w"sizes="398px"data-old-src="https://miro.medium.com/max/44/1*kbPh7V97eyRodSOw2-ALDw.png?q=20"/>
</p>
</div>
</section>
<sectionname="c883">
</figure>
<pid="f2a3"> Good job guys. Good job. Defend the tribe. Attack the other. Frederico attempts to recover from his stunning display of demeaning douchery: <ahref="https://twitter.com/viticci"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@viticci</a>: <ahref="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@s_bielefeld</a> I don’t know if it’s an Italian thing, but counting other people’s money is especially weird for me. IMO, bad move in the post. </p>
<pid="ae0c"> Samantha is clearly sick of his crap: <ahref="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@s_bielefeld</a>: <ahref="https://twitter.com/viticci"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@viticci</a> That’s what I’m referring to, the mistake of ever having mentioned it. So, now, Marco can ignore the bigger issue and go on living. </p>
<pid="2047"> Good for her. There’s being patient and being roadkill. </p>
<pid="4139"> Samantha does put the call out for her sources to maybe let her use their names: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="6626"> From all of you I heard from earlier, anyone care to go on record? </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="8a7d"> My good friend, The Angry Drunk points out the obvious problem: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="68c9"> Nobody’s going to go on record when they count on Marco’s friends for their PR. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="317d"> This is true. Again, the sites that are Friends of Marco: </p>
<pid="9523"> Daring Fireball </p>
<pid="dbc7"> The Loop </p>
<pid="c706"> SixColors </p>
<pid="0acb"> iMore </p>
<pid="8c8c"> MacStories </p>
<pid="643e"> A few others, but I want this post to end one day. </p>
<pid="6b76"> You piss that crew off, and given how petty rather a few of them have demonstrated they are, good luck on getting any kind of notice from them. </p>
<pid="f7d1"> Of course, the idea this could happen is just craycray: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="de59">
<ahref="https://twitter.com/KevinColeman"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@KevinColeman</a><ahref="https://twitter.com/Angry_Drunk"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">.@Angry_Drunk</a><ahref="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@s_bielefeld</a><ahref="https://twitter.com/marcoarment"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@marcoarment</a> Wow, you guys are veering right into crazy conspiracy theory territory. <ahref="https://twitter.com/hashtag/JetFuelCantMeltSteelBeams?src=hash"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">#JetFuelCantMeltSteelBeams</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<pid="f01b"> Yeah. Because a mature person like Marco would never do anything like that. </p>
<pid="7e30"> Of course, the real point on this is starting to happen: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="5d93"> you’re getting a lot of heat now but happy you are writing things that stir up the community. Hope you continue to be a voice! </p>
<pid="436b"> I doubt I will. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="ac25"> See, they’ve done their job. Mess with the bull, you get the horns. Maybe you should find another thing to write about, this isn’t a good place for you. <em>Great</em> job y’all. </p>
<pid="07ba"> Some people aren’t even pretending. They’re just in full strawman mode: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="3d60">
<ahref="https://twitter.com/timkeller"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@timkeller:</a> Unfair to begrudge a person for leveraging past success, especially when that success is earned. No ‘luck’ involved.
</p>
<pid="87f5">
<ahref="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@s_bielefeld:</a><ahref="https://twitter.com/timkeller"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@timkeller</a> I plainly stated that I don’t hold his doing this against him. Way to twist words.
</p>
</blockquote>
<pid="3720"> I think she’s earned her anger at this point. </p>
<pid="7341"> Don’t worry, Marco knows what the real problem is: most devs just suck — </p>
<figure>
<div>
<p><imgalt="Image for post"src="https://miro.medium.com/max/1388/1*Fpb2Bvdx7Q-688vdm-NdkQ.png"width="694"height="771"srcset="https://miro.medium.com/max/552/1*Fpb2Bvdx7Q-688vdm-NdkQ.png 276w, https://miro.medium.com/max/1104/1*Fpb2Bvdx7Q-688vdm-NdkQ.png 552w, https://miro.medium.com/max/1280/1*Fpb2Bvdx7Q-688vdm-NdkQ.png 640w, https://miro.medium.com/max/1388/1*Fpb2Bvdx7Q-688vdm-NdkQ.png 694w"sizes="694px"data-old-src="https://miro.medium.com/max/54/1*Fpb2Bvdx7Q-688vdm-NdkQ.png?q=20"/>
</p>
</div>
</figure>
<pid="503d"> I have a saying that applies in this case: don’t place your head so far up your nethers that you go full Klein Bottle. Marco has gone full Klein Bottle. (To be correct, he went FKB some years ago.) </p>
<pid="b8c0"> There are some bright spots. My favorite is when Building Twenty points out the <em>real</em> elephant in the room: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="36f4">
<ahref="https://twitter.com/BuildingTwenty"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@BuildingTwenty</a>: Both <ahref="https://twitter.com/s_bielefeld"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@s_bielefeld</a>& I wrote similar critiques of <ahref="https://twitter.com/marcoarment"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">@marcoarment</a>’s pricing model yet the Internet pilloried only the woman. Who’d have guessed?
</p>
</blockquote>
<pid="06b9"> Yup. </p>
<pid="eff9"> Another bright spot are these comments from Ian Betteridge, who has been doing this <em>even longer than Marco</em>: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="18f1"> You know, any writer who has never made a single factual error in a piece hasn’t ever written anything worth reading. </p>
<pid="9776"> I learned my job with the support of people who helped me. Had I suffered an Internet pile on for every error I wouldn’t have bothered. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="8d44"> To which Samantha understandably replies: </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="7147"> and it’s honestly something I’m contemplating right now, whether to continue… </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="e0cd"> Gee, I can’t imagine why. Why with comments like this from Chris Breen that completely misrepresent Samantha’s point, (who until today, I would have absolutely defended as being better than this, something I am genuinely saddened to be wrong about), why wouldn’t she want to continue doing this? </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="a379"> If I have this right, some people are outraged that a creator has decided to give away his work. </p>
</blockquote>
<pid="f026"> No Chris, you don’t have this right. But hey, who has time to find out the real issue and read an article. I’m sure your friends told you everything you need to know. </p>
<pid="e1c2"> Noted Feminist Glenn Fleishman gets a piece of the action too: </p>
<figure>
<div>
<pname="45bb"id="45bb">Luckily, I hope, the people who get Samantha’s point also started chiming in (and you get 100% of the women commenting here that I’ve seen):</p>
<blockquotename="c053"id="c053">I don’t think he’s wrong for doing it, he just discusses it as if the market’s a level playing field—it isn’t</blockquote>
<blockquotename="7b5e"id="7b5e">This is a great article with lots of great points about the sustainability of iOS development. Thank you for publishing it.</blockquote>
<blockquotename="a321"id="a321">Regardless of the numbers and your view of MA, fair points here about confirmation bias in app marketing feasibility <ahref="http://t.co/u79ZLsnhdM"data-href="http://t.co/u79ZLsnhdM"title="http://samanthabielefeld.com/the-elephant-in-the-room"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">http://samanthabielefeld.com/the-elephant-in-the-room …</a></blockquote>
<blockquotename="76fe"id="76fe">thank you for posting this, it covers a lot of things people don’t like to talk about.</blockquote>
<blockquotename="bf90"id="bf90">I’m sure you have caught untold amounts of flak over posting this because Marco is blind to his privilege as a developer.</blockquote>
<blockquotename="0f66"id="0f66">Catching up on the debate, and agreeing with Harry’s remark. (Enjoyed your article, Samantha, and ‘got’ your point.)</blockquote>
<p><imgalt="Image for post"src="https://miro.medium.com/max/616/1*lvOySry5gHHJfGU_bQXrzA.png"width="308"height="269"srcset="https://miro.medium.com/max/552/1*lvOySry5gHHJfGU_bQXrzA.png 276w, https://miro.medium.com/max/616/1*lvOySry5gHHJfGU_bQXrzA.png 308w"sizes="308px"data-old-src="https://miro.medium.com/max/60/1*lvOySry5gHHJfGU_bQXrzA.png?q=20"/>
</p>
</div>
</figure>
<pid="4df8"> I’m not actually surprised here. I watched Fleishman berate a friend of mine who has been an engineer for…heck, waaaaay too long on major software products in the most condescending way because she tried to point out that as a <em>very</em> technical woman, “The Magazine” literally had nothing to say to her and maybe he should fix that. “Impertinent” was I believe what he called her, but I may have the specific word wrong. Not the attitude mind you. Great Feminists like Glenn do not like uppity women criticizing Great Feminists who are their Great Allies. </p>
<pid="bf45"> Great Feminists are often tools. </p>
</div>
</section>
<sectionname="8ab2">
<div>
<div>
<pname="6134"id="6134">I would like to say I’m surprised at the reaction to Samantha’s article, but I’m not. In spite of his loud declarations of support for The Big Lie, Marco Arment is as bad at any form of criticism that he hasn’t already approved as a very insecure tween. An example from 2011: <ahref="http://www.businessinsider.com/marco-arment-2011-9"data-href="http://www.businessinsider.com/marco-arment-2011-9"rel="nofollow noopener"target="_blank">http://www.businessinsider.com/marco-arment-2011-9</a></p>
<pname="ba3c"id="ba3c">Marco is great with criticism as long as it never actually criticizes him. If it does, be prepared a flood of petty, petulant whining that a room full of bored preschoolers on a hot day would be hard-pressed to match.</p>
<pname="a5a0"id="a5a0">Today has been…well, it sucks. It sucks because someone doing what all the Arments of the world claim to want was naive enough to believe what they were told, and found out the hard way just how big a lie The Big Lie is, and how vicious people are when you’re silly enough to believe anything they say about criticism.</p>
<pname="2a25"id="2a25">And note again, every single condescending crack, misrepresentation, and strawman had an exclusively male source. Most of them have, at one point or another, loudly trumpted themselves as Feminist Allies, as a friend to women struggling with the sexism and misogyny in tech. Congratulations y’all on being just as bad as the people you claim to oppose.</p>
<pname="a47a"id="a47a">Samantha has handled this better than anyone else could have. My respect for her as a person and a writer is off the charts. If she choses to walk away from blogging in the Apple space, <em>believe me</em> I understand. As bad as today was for her, I’ve seen worse. Much worse.</p>
<pname="aa8e"id="aa8e">But I hope she doesn’t. I hope she stays, because she is Doing This Right, and in a corner of the internet that has become naught but an endless circle jerk, a cliquish collection, a churlish, childish cohort interested not in writing or the truth, but in making sure The Right People are elevated, and The Others put down, she is someone worth reading and listening to. The number people who owe her apologies goes around the block, and I don’t think she’ll ever see a one. I’m sure as heck not apologizing for them, I’ll not make their lives easier in the least.</p>
<pname="34c5"id="34c5">All of you, all. of. you…Marco, Breen, Snell, Vittici, had a chance to live by your words. You were faced with reasoned, polite, respectful criticism and instead of what you should have done, you all dropped trou and sprayed an epic diarrheal discharge all over someone who had done nothing to deserve it. Me, I earned most of my aggro, Samantha did not earn any of the idiocy I’ve seen today. I hope you’re all proud of yourselves. Someone should be, it won’t be me. Ever.</p>
<pname="9710"id="9710">So I hope she stays, but if she goes, I understand. For what it’s worth, I don’t think she’s wrong either way.</p>
<pid="45bb"> Luckily, I hope, the people who get Samantha’s point also started chiming in (and you get 100% of the women commenting here that I’ve seen): </p>
<blockquote>
<pid="c053"> I don’t think he’s wrong for doing it, he just discusses it as if the market’s a level playing field — it isn’t </p>
<pid="7b5e"> This is a great article with lots of great points about the sustainability of iOS development. Thank you for publishing it. </p>
<pid="a321"> Regardless of the numbers and your view of MA, fair points here about confirmation bias in app marketing feasibility <ahref="http://t.co/u79ZLsnhdM"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">http://samanthabielefeld.com/the-elephant-in-the-room …</a>
</p>
<pid="76fe"> thank you for posting this, it covers a lot of things people don’t like to talk about. </p>
<pid="bf90"> I’m sure you have caught untold amounts of flak over posting this because Marco is blind to his privilege as a developer. </p>
<pid="0f66"> Catching up on the debate, and agreeing with Harry’s remark. (Enjoyed your article, Samantha, and ‘got’ your point.) </p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<div>
<pid="6134"> I would like to say I’m surprised at the reaction to Samantha’s article, but I’m not. In spite of his loud declarations of support for The Big Lie, Marco Arment is as bad at any form of criticism that he hasn’t already approved as a very insecure tween. An example from 2011: <ahref="http://www.businessinsider.com/marco-arment-2011-9"target="_blank"rel="noopener nofollow">http://www.businessinsider.com/marco-arment-2011-9</a>
</p>
<pid="ba3c"> Marco is great with criticism as long as it never actually criticizes him. If it does, be prepared a flood of petty, petulant whining that a room full of bored preschoolers on a hot day would be hard-pressed to match. </p>
<pid="a5a0"> Today has been…well, it sucks. It sucks because someone doing what all the Arments of the world claim to want was naive enough to believe what they were told, and found out the hard way just how big a lie The Big Lie is, and how vicious people are when you’re silly enough to believe anything they say about criticism. </p>
<pid="2a25"> And note again, every single condescending crack, misrepresentation, and strawman had an exclusively male source. Most of them have, at one point or another, loudly trumpted themselves as Feminist Allies, as a friend to women struggling with the sexism and misogyny in tech. Congratulations y’all on being just as bad as the people you claim to oppose. </p>
<pid="a47a"> Samantha has handled this better than anyone else could have. My respect for her as a person and a writer is off the charts. If she choses to walk away from blogging in the Apple space, <em>believe me</em> I understand. As bad as today was for her, I’ve seen worse. Much worse. </p>
<pid="aa8e"> But I hope she doesn’t. I hope she stays, because she is Doing This Right, and in a corner of the internet that has become naught but an endless circle jerk, a cliquish collection, a churlish, childish cohort interested not in writing or the truth, but in making sure The Right People are elevated, and The Others put down, she is someone worth reading and listening to. The number people who owe her apologies goes around the block, and I don’t think she’ll ever see a one. I’m sure as heck not apologizing for them, I’ll not make their lives easier in the least. </p>
<pid="34c5"> All of you, all. of. you…Marco, Breen, Snell, Vittici, had a chance to live by your words. You were faced with reasoned, polite, respectful criticism and instead of what you should have done, you all dropped trou and sprayed an epic diarrheal discharge all over someone who had done nothing to deserve it. Me, I earned most of my aggro, Samantha did not earn any of the idiocy I’ve seen today. I hope you’re all proud of yourselves. Someone should be, it won’t be me. Ever. </p>
<pid="9710"> So I hope she stays, but if she goes, I understand. For what it’s worth, I don’t think she’s wrong either way. </p>
<p> Once you have mastered the art of mutable history in a single repository (see the <ahref="http://fakehost/test/user-guide.html">user guide</a>), you can move up to the next level: <em>shared</em> mutable history. <tt><span>evolve</span></tt> lets you push and pull draft changesets between repositories along with their obsolescence markers. This opens up a number of interesting possibilities. </p>
<p> The simplest scenario is a single developer working across two computers. Say you’re working on code that must be tested on a remote test server, probably in a rack somewhere, only accessible by SSH, and running an “enterprise-grade” (out-of-date) OS. But you probably prefer to write code locally: everything is setup the way you like it, and you can use your preferred editor, IDE, merge/diff tools, etc. </p>
@ -31,7 +30,6 @@
</h3>
<p> We’ll work through an example with three local repositories, although in the real world they’d most likely be on three different computers. First, the <tt><span>public</span></tt> repository is where tested, polished changesets live, and it is where you synchronize with the rest of your team. </p>
<p> We’ll need two clones where work gets done, <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt> and <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt>: </p>
<tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt> is your local machine, with GUI merge tools and IDEs and everything configured just the way you like it. <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt> is the test server in a rack somewhere behind SSH. So for the most part, we’ll develop in <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt>, push to <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt>, test and polish there, and push to <tt><span>public</span></tt>. </p>
<tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt> is your local machine, with GUI merge tools and IDEs and everything configured just the way you like it. <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt> is the test server in a rack somewhere behind SSH. So for the most part, we’ll develop in <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt>, push to <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt>, test and polish there, and push to <tt><span>public</span></tt>.
</p>
<p> The key to shared mutable history is to make the target repository, in this case <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt>, non-publishing. And, of course, we have to enable the <tt><span>evolve</span></tt> extension in both <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt> and <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt>. </p>
<p> First, edit the configuration for <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt>: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg -R test-repo config --edit --local
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> and add </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>[phases]
publish = false
@ -62,18 +57,14 @@ publish = false
evolve =
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> Then edit the configuration for <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt>: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg -R dev-repo config --edit --local
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> and add </p>
<p> Keep in mind that in real life, these repositories would probably be on separate computers, so you’d have to login to each one to configure each repository. </p>
<p> To start things off, let’s make one public, immutable changeset: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ cd test-repo
$ echo 'my new project' > file1
@ -84,9 +75,7 @@ $ hg push
added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> and pull that into the development repository: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ cd ../dev-repo
$ hg pull -u
@ -96,49 +85,41 @@ added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<divid="example-2-amend-again-locally">
<h3>
<ahref="#id9">Example 2: Amend again, locally</a><ahref="#example-2-amend-again-locally"title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a>
</h3>
<p> This process can repeat. Perhaps you figure out a more elegant fix to the bug, and want to mutate history so nobody ever knows you had a less-than-perfect idea. We’ll implement it locally in <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt> and push to <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt>: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ echo 'Fix, fix, and fix.' > file1
$ hg amend
$ hg push
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> This time around, the temporary amend commit is in <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt>, and it is not transferred to <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt>—the same as before, just in the opposite direction. Figure 4 shows the two repositories after amending in <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt> and pushing to <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt>. </p>
<blockquote>
<p> [figure SG04: each repo has one temporary amend commit, but they’re different in each one] </p>
</blockquote>
<p> Let’s hop over to <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt> to test the more elegant fix: </p>
<p> This time, all the tests pass, so no further amending is required. This bug fix is finished, so we push it to the public repository: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg push
[...]
added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> Note that only one changeset—the final version, after two amendments—was actually pushed. Again, Mercurial doesn’t transfer hidden changesets on push and pull. </p>
<p> So the picture in <tt><span>public</span></tt> is much simpler than in either <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt> or <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt>. Neither of our missteps nor our amendments are publicly visible, just the final, beautifully polished changeset: </p>
<blockquote>
<p> [figure SG05: public repo with rev 0:0dc9, 1:de61, both public] </p>
</blockquote>
<p> There is one important step left to do. Because we pushed from <tt><span>test-repo</span></tt> to <tt><span>public</span></tt>, the pushed changeset is in <em>public</em> phase in those two repositories. But <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt> has been out-of-the-loop; changeset de61 is still <em>draft</em> there. If we’re not careful, we might mutate history in <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt>, obsoleting a changeset that is already public. Let’s avoid that situation for now by pushing up to <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt>: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg push ../dev-repo
pushing to ../dev-repo
@ -146,16 +127,13 @@ searching for changes
no changes found
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> Even though no <em>changesets</em> were pushed, Mercurial still pushed obsolescence markers and phase changes to <tt><span>dev-repo</span></tt>. </p>
<p> A final note: since this fix is now <em>public</em>, it is immutable. It’s no longer possible to amend it: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg amend -m 'fix bug 37'
abort: cannot amend public changesets
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> This is, after all, the whole point of Mercurial’s phases: to prevent rewriting history that has already been published. </p>
</div>
</div>
@ -171,7 +149,6 @@ abort: cannot amend public changesets
<ahref="#id11">Setting up</a><ahref="#id2"title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a>
</h3>
<p> To demonstrate, let’s start with the <tt><span>public</span></tt> repository as we left it in the last example, with two immutable changesets (figure 5 above). We’ll clone a <tt><span>review</span></tt> repository from it, and then Alice and Bob will both clone from <tt><span>review</span></tt>. </p>
<ahref="#id12">Example 3: Alice commits and amends a draft fix</a><ahref="#example-3-alice-commits-and-amends-a-draft-fix"title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a>
</h3>
<p> We’ll follow Alice working on a bug fix. We’re going to use bookmarks to make it easier to understand multiple branch heads in the <tt><span>review</span></tt> repository, so Alice starts off by creating a bookmark and committing her first attempt at a fix: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg bookmark bug15
$ echo 'fix' > file2
@ -215,10 +186,8 @@ $ hg commit -A -u alice -m 'fix bug 15 (v1)'
adding file2
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> Note the unorthodox “(v1)” in the commit message. We’re just using that to make this tutorial easier to follow; it’s not something we’d recommend in real life. </p>
<p> Of course Alice wouldn’t commit unless her fix worked to her satisfaction, so it must be time to solicit a code review. She does this by pushing to the <tt><span>review</span></tt> repository: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg push -B bug15
[...]
@ -226,10 +195,8 @@ added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
exporting bookmark bug15
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> (The use of <tt><span>-B</span></tt> is important to ensure that we only push the bookmarked head, and that the bookmark itself is pushed. See this <ahref="http://mercurial.aragost.com/kick-start/en/bookmarks/">guide to bookmarks</a>, especially the <ahref="http://mercurial.aragost.com/kick-start/en/bookmarks/#sharing-bookmarks">Sharing Bookmarks</a> section, if you’re not familiar with bookmarks.) </p>
<p> Some time passes, and Alice receives her code review. As a result, Alice revises her fix and submits it for a second review: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ echo 'Fix.' > file2
$ hg amend -m 'fix bug 15 (v2)'
@ -239,7 +206,6 @@ added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files (+1 heads)
updating bookmark bug15
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> Figure 6 shows the state of the <tt><span>review</span></tt> repository at this point. </p>
<blockquote>
<p> [figure SG06: rev 2:fn1e is Alice’s obsolete v1, rev 3:cbdf is her v2; both children of rev 1:de61] </p>
@ -251,7 +217,6 @@ updating bookmark bug15
<ahref="#id13">Example 4: Bob implements and publishes a new feature</a><ahref="#example-4-bob-implements-and-publishes-a-new-feature"title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a>
</h3>
<p> Meanwhile, Bob has been working on a new feature. Like Alice, he’ll use a bookmark to track his work, and he’ll push that bookmark to the <tt><span>review</span></tt> repository, so that reviewers know which changesets to review. </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ cd ../bob
$ echo 'stuff' > file1
@ -263,9 +228,7 @@ added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files (+1 heads)
exporting bookmark featureX
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> When Bob receives his code review, he improves his implementation a bit, amends, and submits the resulting changeset for review: </p>
<p> On the bright side, the second review said, “Go ahead and publish once you fix that.” So Bob immediately publishes his third attempt: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg push ../public
[...]
added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> It’s not enough just to update <tt><span>public</span></tt>, though! Other people also use the <tt><span>review</span></tt> repository, and right now it doesn’t have Bob’s latest amendment (“v3”, revision 6:540b), nor does it know that the precursor of that changeset (“v2”, revision 5:0eb7) is obsolete. Thus, Bob pushes to <tt><span>review</span></tt> as well: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg push ../review
[...]
@ -302,7 +259,6 @@ added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files (+1 heads)
updating bookmark featureX
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> Figure 7 shows the result of Bob’s work in both <tt><span>review</span></tt> and <tt><span>public</span></tt>. </p>
<blockquote>
<p> [figure SG07: review includes Alice’s draft work on bug 15, as well as Bob’s v1, v2, and v3 changes for feature X: v1 and v2 obsolete, v3 public. public contains only the final, public implementation of feature X] </p>
@ -314,7 +270,6 @@ updating bookmark featureX
<ahref="#id14">Example 5: Alice integrates and publishes</a><ahref="#example-5-alice-integrates-and-publishes"title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a>
</h3>
<p> Finally, Alice gets back from lunch and sees that the carrier pigeon with her second review has arrived (or maybe it’s in her email inbox). Alice’s reviewer approved her amended changeset, so she pushes it to <tt><span>public</span></tt>: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg push ../public
[...]
@ -323,9 +278,7 @@ abort: push creates new remote head cbdfbd5a5db2!
(pull and merge or see "hg help push" for details about pushing new heads)
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> Oops! Bob has won the race to push first to <tt><span>public</span></tt>. So Alice needs to integrate with Bob: let’s pull his changeset(s) and see what the branch heads are. </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg pull ../public
[...]
@ -338,9 +291,7 @@ o 5:540ba8f317e6 (bob)
|/
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> We’ll assume Alice and Bob are perfectly comfortable with rebasing changesets. (After all, they’re already using mutable history in the form of <tt><span>amend</span></tt>.) So Alice rebases her changeset on top of Bob’s and publishes the result: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg rebase -d 5
$ hg push ../public
@ -352,7 +303,6 @@ added 1 changesets with 0 changes to 0 files
updating bookmark bug15
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> The result, in both <tt><span>review</span></tt> and <tt><span>public</span></tt> repositories, is shown in figure 8. </p>
<blockquote>
<p> [figure SG08: review shows v1 and v2 of Alice’s fix, then v1, v2, v3 of Bob’s feature, finally Alice’s fix rebased onto Bob’s. public just shows the final public version of each changeset] </p>
@ -372,7 +322,6 @@ updating bookmark bug15
</h3>
<p> For these examples, we’re going to use a slightly different workflow: as before, Alice and Bob share a <tt><span>public</span></tt> repository. But this time there is no <tt><span>review</span></tt> repository. Instead, Alice and Bob put on their cowboy hats, throw good practice to the wind, and pull directly from each other’s working repositories. </p>
<p> So we throw away everything except <tt><span>public</span></tt> and reclone: </p>
<p> Once again we have to configure their repositories: enable <tt><span>evolve</span></tt> and (since Alice and Bob will be pulling directly from each other) make their repositories non-publishing. Edit Alice’s configuration: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg -R alice config --edit --local
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> and add </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>[extensions]
rebase =
@ -402,14 +347,11 @@ evolve =
publish = false
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> Then edit Bob’s repository configuration: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg -R bob config --edit --local
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> and add the same text. </p>
</div>
<divid="example-6-divergent-changesets">
@ -418,16 +360,13 @@ publish = false
</h3>
<p> When an obsolete changeset has two successors, those successors are <em>divergent</em>. One way to get into such a situation is by failing to communicate with your teammates. Let’s see how that might happen. </p>
<p> First, we’ll have Bob commit a bug fix that could still be improved: </p>
<p> But Bob has no idea that Alice just did this. (See how important good communication is?) So he implements a better fix of his own: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ cd ../bob
$ echo 'better fix (bob)' >> file1
$ hg amend -u bob -m 'fix bug 24 (v2 by bob)' # rev 6:a360
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> At this point, the divergence exists, but only in theory: Bob’s original changeset, 4:2fe6, is obsolete and has two successors. But those successors are in different repositories, so the trouble is not visible to anyone yet. It will be as soon as Bob pulls from Alice’s repository (or vice-versa). </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ hg pull ../alice
[...]
@ -457,13 +392,11 @@ added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 2 files (+1 heads)
2 new divergent changesets
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> Figure 9 shows the situation in Bob’s repository. </p>
<blockquote>
<p> [figure SG09: Bob’s repo with 2 heads for the 2 divergent changesets, 6:a360 and 7:e3f9; wc is at 6:a360; both are successors of obsolete 4:2fe6, hence divergence] </p>
</blockquote>
<p> Now we need to get out of trouble. As usual, the answer is to evolve history. </p>
<p> Figure 10 shows how Bob’s repository looks now. </p>
<blockquote>
<p> [figure SG10: only one visible head, 9:5ad6, successor to hidden 6:a360 and 7:e3f9] </p>
@ -488,7 +420,6 @@ base: [4] fix bug 24 (v1)
</h3>
<p> If Alice and Bob are collaborating on some mutable changesets, it’s possible to get into a situation where an otherwise worthwhile changeset cannot be pushed to the public repository; it is <em>phase-divergent</em> with another changeset that was made public first. Let’s demonstrate one way this could happen. </p>
<p> It starts with Alice committing a bug fix. Right now, we don’t yet know if this bug fix is good enough to push to the public repository, but it’s good enough for Alice to commit. </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ cd alice
$ echo 'fix' > file2
@ -496,9 +427,7 @@ $ hg commit -A -m 'fix bug 15'
adding file2
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> Now Bob has a bad idea: he decides to pull whatever Alice is working on and tweak her bug fix to his taste: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ cd ../bob
$ hg pull -u ../alice
@ -509,13 +438,11 @@ $ echo 'Fix.' > file2
$ hg amend -A -m 'fix bug 15 (amended)'
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> (Note the lack of communication between Alice and Bob. Failing to communicate with your colleagues is a good way to get into trouble. Nevertheless, <tt><span>evolve</span></tt> can usually sort things out, as we will see.) </p>
<blockquote>
<p> [figure SG06: Bob’s repo with one amendment] </p>
</blockquote>
<p> After some testing, Alice realizes her bug fix is just fine as it is: no need for further polishing and amending, this changeset is ready to publish. </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ cd ../alice
$ hg push
@ -523,16 +450,13 @@ $ hg push
added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> This introduces a contradiction: in Bob’s repository, changeset 2:e011 (his copy of Alice’s fix) is obsolete, since Bob amended it. But in Alice’s repository (and the <tt><span>public</span></tt> repository), that changeset is public: it is immutable, carved in stone for all eternity. No changeset can be both obsolete and public, so Bob is in for a surprise the next time he pulls from <tt><span>public</span></tt>: </p>
<div>
<div>
<pre>$ cd ../bob
$ hg pull -q -u
1 new phase-divergent changesets
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<p> Figure 7 shows what just happened to Bob’s repository: changeset 2:e011 is now public, so it can’t be obsolete. When that changeset was obsolete, it made perfect sense for it to have a successor, namely Bob’s amendment of Alice’s fix (changeset 4:fe88). But it’s illogical for a public changeset to have a successor, so 4:fe88 is troubled: it has become <em>bumped</em>. </p>
<blockquote>
<p> [figure SG07: 2:e011 now public not obsolete, 4:fe88 now bumped] </p>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod
tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam,
quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo
consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non
proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
</p>
<p>
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod
tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam,
quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo
consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non
proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
</p>
<p> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. </p>
<p> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. </p>
"title":"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt",
"byline":"Henri Sivonen",
"dir":null,
"excerpt":"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy\n eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam\n voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet\n clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor sit\n amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam\n nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat,\n sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum.\n Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor\n sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed\n diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat,\n sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum.\n Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est Lorem ipsum dolor\n sit amet.",
<sectionid="designed"data-ga-label="Designed to be redesigned">
<div>
<divid="designed"data-ga-label="Designed to be redesigned">
<divid="designed-copy">
<h2>Designed to <br/>be redesigned</h2>
<p>Get fast and easy access to the features you use most in the new menu. Open the “Customize” panel to add, move or remove any button you want. Keep your favorite features — add-ons, private browsing, Sync and more — one quick click away.</p>
<p>Make Firefox match your style. Choose from thousands of themes and dress up your browser with a single click.</p>
@ -37,9 +30,7 @@
<p><imgid="theme-demo"src="http://mozorg.cdn.mozilla.net/media/img/firefox/desktop/customize/theme-red.61611c5734ab.png"alt="Preview of the currently selected theme"/>
<p>Develop, deploy and debug Firefox OS apps directly in your browser, or on a Firefox OS device, with this tool that replaces App Manager.</p><ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/WebIDE"rel="external">Learn more about WebIDE</a></li>
<p>Develop, deploy and debug Firefox OS apps directly in your browser, or on a Firefox OS device, with this tool that replaces App Manager.</p>
<ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/WebIDE"rel="external">Learn more about WebIDE</a>
<p>Develop and debug your apps across multiple browsers and devices with this powerful extension that comes pre-installed with Firefox Developer Edition.</p><ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Firefox_Tools_Adapter"rel="external">Learn more about Valence</a></li>
<p>Develop and debug your apps across multiple browsers and devices with this powerful extension that comes pre-installed with Firefox Developer Edition.</p>
<ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Firefox_Tools_Adapter"rel="external">Learn more about Valence</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div>
<h4>Important: Sync your new profile</h4>
<p> Developer Edition comes with a new profile so you can run it alongside other versions of Firefox. To access your bookmarks, browsing history and more, you need to sync the profile with your existing Firefox Account, or create a new one. <ahref="https://support.mozilla.org/kb/recover-lost-bookmarks-firefox-developer-edition"rel="external">Learn more</a></p>
<p> Developer Edition comes with a new profile so you can run it alongside other versions of Firefox. To access your bookmarks, browsing history and more, you need to sync the profile with your existing Firefox Account, or create a new one. <ahref="https://support.mozilla.org/kb/recover-lost-bookmarks-firefox-developer-edition"rel="external">Learn more</a>
<p>Examine the HTML and CSS of any Web page and easily modify the structure and layout of a page.</p><ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Page_Inspector"rel="external">Learn more about Page Inspector</a></li>
<p>Examine the HTML and CSS of any Web page and easily modify the structure and layout of a page.</p>
<ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Page_Inspector"rel="external">Learn more about Page Inspector</a>
<p>See logged information associated with a Web page and use Web Console to interact with Web pages using JavaScript.</p><ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Web_Console"rel="external">Learn more about Web Console</a></li>
<p>See logged information associated with a Web page and use Web Console to interact with Web pages using JavaScript.</p>
<ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Web_Console"rel="external">Learn more about Web Console</a>
<p>Step through JavaScript code and examine or modify its state to help track down bugs.</p><ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Debugger"rel="external">Learn more about JavaScript Debugger</a></li>
<p>Step through JavaScript code and examine or modify its state to help track down bugs.</p>
<ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Debugger"rel="external">Learn more about JavaScript Debugger</a>
<p>See all the network requests your browser makes, how long each request takes and details of each request.</p><ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Network_Monitor"rel="external">Learn more about Network Monitor</a></li>
<p>See all the network requests your browser makes, how long each request takes and details of each request.</p>
<ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Network_Monitor"rel="external">Learn more about Network Monitor</a>
<p>Inspect and interact with Web Audio API in real time to ensure that all audio nodes are connected in the way you expect.</p><ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Web_Audio_Editor"rel="external">Learn more about Web Audio Editor</a></li>
<p>Inspect and interact with Web Audio API in real time to ensure that all audio nodes are connected in the way you expect.</p>
<ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Web_Audio_Editor"rel="external">Learn more about Web Audio Editor</a>
<p>View and edit CSS styles associated with a Web page, create new ones and apply existing CSS stylesheets to any page.</p><ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Style_Editor"rel="external">Learn more about Style Editor</a></li>
<p>View and edit CSS styles associated with a Web page, create new ones and apply existing CSS stylesheets to any page.</p>
<ahref="https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Tools/Style_Editor"rel="external">Learn more about Style Editor</a>
"title":"Nintendo's first iPhone game will launch in December for $10",
"byline":"Alex Perry\n \n 1 day ago",
"dir":"ltr",
"excerpt":"Nintendo and Apple shocked the world earlier this year by announcing \"Super Mario Run,\" the legendary gaming company's first foray into mobile gaming. ",
"readerable":true,
"siteName":"MSN"
"siteName":"MSN",
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}
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PalmerAL
4 years ago
committed by
GitHub