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@ -26,40 +26,520 @@ URL: https://code.google.com/p/io-2012-slides
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<slides class="layout-widescreen">
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<slide class="logoslide nobackground">
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<!-- <slide class="logoslide nobackground">
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<article class="flexbox vcenter">
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<span><img src="images/google_developers_logo.png"></span>
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<span><img src="images/angularjs.png"></span>
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</article>
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</slide>
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<slide class="title-slide segue nobackground">
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<aside class="gdbar"><img src="images/google_developers_icon_128.png"></aside>
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-->
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<slide class="title-slide segue nobackground fill" style="background-image: url(images/promises.jpg)">
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<!-- <aside class="gdbar"><img src="images/angularjs.png"></aside> -->
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<!-- The content of this hgroup is replaced programmatically through the slide_config.json. -->
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<hgroup class="auto-fadein">
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<h1 data-config-title><!-- populated from slide_config.json --></h1>
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<h1 class="yellow" data-config-title><!-- populated from slide_config.json --></h1>
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<h2 data-config-subtitle><!-- populated from slide_config.json --></h2>
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<p data-config-presenter><!-- populated from slide_config.json --></p>
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<p class="yellow2" data-config-presenter><!-- populated from slide_config.json --></p>
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</hgroup>
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</slide>
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<slide class="segue dark nobackground">
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<!-- <aside class="gdbar"><img src="images/google_developers_icon_128.png"></aside> -->
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<hgroup>
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<h2 class="yellow">Why Promises ?</h2>
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<h3 class="yellow">Let's step back to the basics</h3>
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</hgroup>
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</slide>
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<slide>
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<hgroup class="centered">
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<h3>Single thread synchronous model aka. blocking</h3>
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</hgroup>
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<br><br>
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<article style="float: left">
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<ul>
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<li>Suppose a program consisting of 3 distinct tasks</li>
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<li>Tasks are performed one at a time</li>
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<li>Always in a defined order</li>
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<li>Simplest style of programming</li>
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</ul>
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</article>
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<article class="centered">
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<img src="images/sync.png" class="auto-fade-in" alt="Description" title="Description">
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<footer class="source">source: <a href="http://krondo.com/?p=1209">krondo.com</a></footer>
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</article>
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</slide>
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<slide>
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<hgroup class="centered">
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<h3>Multi threaded model</h3>
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</hgroup>
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<br><br>
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<article style="float: left; width: 60%">
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<ul>
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<li>Tasks run in separate threads</li>
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<li>Threads are handled by the OS</li>
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<li>Threads can run concurrently</li>
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<li>They often <b>end up just waiting</b></li>
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<li>Or interleaved together in single CPU</li>
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<li>Tasks might get suspended arbitrarily by OS</li>
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<li>Thread communication and synchronisation is a diffcult topic</li>
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</ul>
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</article>
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<article class="centered">
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<img src="images/threaded.png" class="auto-fade-in" alt="Description" title="Description">
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<footer class="source">source: <a href="http://krondo.com/?p=1209">krondo.com</a></footer>
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</article>
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</slide>
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<slide class="fill nobackground" style="background-image: url(images/ihavenoidea.jpg)">
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<!-- <hgroup>
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<h2 class="white">Full Image (with Optional Header)</h2>
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</hgroup>
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--> <!-- <footer class="source white">www.flickr.com/photos/25797459@N06/5438799763/</footer> -->
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</slide>
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<slide>
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<hgroup class="centered">
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<h3>Single thread asynchronous model = <b>Javascript</b></h3>
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</hgroup>
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<br><br>
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<article style="float: left">
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<ul>
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<li>Tasks interleaved inside the same Thread</li>
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<li>Goodness of synchronous + multithreaded </li>
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<li>Programmer in control, not the OS</li>
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<li>Tasks are not suspended arbitrarily</li>
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</ul>
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</article>
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<article class="centered">
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<img src="images/async.png" class="auto-fade-in" alt="Description" title="Description">
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<footer class="source">source: <a href="http://krondo.com/?p=1209">krondo.com</a></footer>
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</article>
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</slide>
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<slide>
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<hgroup class="centered">
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<h3>Single thread asynchronous model = <b>Javascript</b></h3>
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</hgroup>
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<br><br>
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<article style="float: left">
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<br>
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<h4>The <b class="blue">event loop</b> handles task scheduling</h4>
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<br><br>
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<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
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// Event loop pseudo code
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for(;;) {
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if (endOfProgram)
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quit();
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<b>if(eventToHandle) { // task waiting, task finished ...
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handleEvent(eventToHandle); // Callback </b>
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}
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}
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</pre>
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</article>
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<article class="centered">
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<img src="images/eventloop.png" class="auto-fade-in" alt="Description" title="Description" style="height:350px">
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<footer class="source">source: <a href="http://krondo.com/?p=1209">krondo.com</a></footer>
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</article>
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</slide>
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<slide>
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<hgroup class="centered">
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<h3>Single thread asynchronous model = <b>Javascript</b></h3>
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</hgroup>
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<br><br>
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<article style="float: left">
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<br>
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<h3 class="red">Therefore</h3>
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<br><br>
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<ul>
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<li>Each task must be <b>non blocking</b></li>
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<li>Otherwise you get freezes and lags</li>
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</ul>
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</article>
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<article class="centered">
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<img src="images/async.png" class="auto-fade-in" alt="Description" title="Description">
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<footer class="source">source: <a href="http://krondo.com/?p=1209">krondo.com</a></footer>
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</article>
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</slide>
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<slide>
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<hgroup>
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<h2>Stupid Asynchronous API: <b>Callbacks</b></h2>
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<h3>Asynchronous = Non Blocking</h3>
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</hgroup>
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<article class="">
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<h3 class="centered"> <b>Callbacks</b> are a way to make tasks non blocking</h3>
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<br>
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<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
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task1(function task2(task1Result) {
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// do something with task 1 result
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})
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var task1 = function(callback) {
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result = longRunningTask(); // Blocking call
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callback(result); // Calling a passed callback
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}
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</pre>
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</article>
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</slide>
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<slide>
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<hgroup>
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<h2>Stupid Asynchronous API: <b>Callbacks</b></h2>
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<h3>Asynchronous = Non Blocking</h3>
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</hgroup>
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<article class="">
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<h3 class="centered"> <b>Callbacks</b> are messy </h3>
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<br>
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<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
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$('#button').click(function () {
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askForTwitterHandle(function(twitterHandle) {
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twitterHandle.getTweets(function (tweets) {
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processTweets(function (processedTweets) {
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ui.show(processedTweets);
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});
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});
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});
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});
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</pre>
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</article>
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</slide>
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<slide>
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<article class="smaller">
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<h3 class="centered"> <b>Callbacks</b> error handling is worse, no exception propagation </h3>
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<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
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$('#button').click(function () {
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askForTwitterHandle(function(twitterHandle) {
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twitterHandle.getTweets(function (tweets) {
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...
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});
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}, function onFailure(error) {
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handleError(error);
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});
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});
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</pre>
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<h3 class="centered">In the synchronous model we have <b>try/catch</b></h3>
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<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
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try {
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handle = askForTwitterHandle();
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tweets = handle.getTweets();
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...
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} catch (errorMessage) {
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console.log('I messed up');
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}
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</pre>
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</article>
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</slide>
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<slide class="fill nobackground" style="background-image: url(images/callbacks-hack.jpg); background-position: center; background-size: auto 100%;">
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<!-- <hgroup>
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<h2 class="white">Full Image (with Optional Header)</h2>
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</hgroup>
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--> <!-- <footer class="source white">www.flickr.com/photos/25797459@N06/5438799763/</footer> -->
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</slide>
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<slide>
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<hgroup>
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<h2>Promises are the right abstraction</h2>
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</hgroup>
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<article>
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</pre>
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<h4 class="centered">Instead of calling a passed callback, we return a promise</h4>
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<br><br>
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<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
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ajax('template.html', function(err, template) {
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if (err)
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handleError();
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render(template);
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})
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// Becomes
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<b>var promiseForTemplate = $http.get('template.html');
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promiseForTemplate.then(render, handleError)</b>
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</pre>
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</article>
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</slide>
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<slide>
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<hgroup>
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<h2>Promises guarantees</h2>
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</hgroup>
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<article>
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</pre>
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<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
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promiseForTemplate.then(onFulfilled, onFailed);
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</pre>
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<br><br>
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<ul>
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<li>Only one of <b>onFulfilled</b> or <b>onFailed</b> will be called</li>
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<li><b>onFulfilled</b> will be called with a single value (return value)</li>
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<li><b>onFailed</b> will be called with a single rejection reason (thrown exception) </li>
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<li>If the promise if already settled, the handlers are guaranteed to be called anyway</li>
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<li>The handlers will always be called asynchronousy</li>
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</ul>
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</article>
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</slide>
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<slide>
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<hgroup>
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<h2>Slide with Bullets</h2>
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<h2>Promises can be chained</h2>
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</hgroup>
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<article>
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</pre>
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|
|
<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
|
|
|
|
|
//
|
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|
|
var transformedPromise = promiseForTemplate.then(onFulfilled, onFailed);
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|
|
</pre>
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|
|
<br><br>
|
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|
|
<ul>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Titles are formatted as Open Sans with bold applied and font size is set at 45</li>
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|
|
<li>Title capitalization is title case
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<ul>
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<li>Subtitle capitalization is title case</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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|
<li>Subtitle capitalization is title case</li>
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|
|
<li>Titles and subtitles should never have a period at the end</li>
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|
|
<li>If <b>onFulfilled</b> returns a value</li>
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|
<ul>
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|
|
<li><b>transformedPromise</b> is <u>resolved</u> with that value</li>
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</ul>
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|
|
<li>If <b>onFulfilled</b> returns a promise</li>
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|
|
<ul>
|
|
|
|
|
<li><b>transformedPromise</b> will adapt it's state</li>
|
|
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|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>If <b>onFailed</b> throws an exception</li>
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|
|
<ul>
|
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|
|
<li><b>transformedPromise</b> will be rejected with that exception</li>
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</ul>
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</ul>
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</article>
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</slide>
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<slide>
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<article class="">
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<hgroup>
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|
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<h2>Example</h2>
|
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</hgroup>
|
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|
<br><br>
|
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|
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<h3>Sync</h3>
|
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|
|
<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
|
|
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|
|
var user = getUser(); // blocking, ie, prompt for password
|
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|
|
var username = user.name;
|
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</pre>
|
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<br><br>
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|
|
<h3>Async with Promise</h3>
|
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|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
|
|
|
|
|
var userNamePromise = getUser().then(function (user){
|
|
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|
|
return user.name;
|
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|
|
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})</pre>
|
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</article>
|
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</slide>
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|
|
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|
|
|
<slide>
|
|
|
|
|
<article class="">
|
|
|
|
|
<hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<h2>Example: throwing an exception</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
</hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<br><br>
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>Sync</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
|
|
|
|
|
var user = getUser(); // blocking, ie, prompt for password
|
|
|
|
|
if (user === null)
|
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|
|
|
throw new Error('null user');
|
|
|
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
<br><br>
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>Async with Promise</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
|
|
|
|
|
var userPromise = getUser().then(function (user){
|
|
|
|
|
if (user === null)
|
|
|
|
|
throw new Error('null user');
|
|
|
|
|
return user;
|
|
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|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
</article>
|
|
|
|
|
</slide>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<slide>
|
|
|
|
|
<article class="">
|
|
|
|
|
<hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<h2>Example: handling an exception</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
</hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<br><br>
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>Sync</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
|
|
|
|
|
try {
|
|
|
|
|
updateUser(data);
|
|
|
|
|
} <b>catch (exp) {
|
|
|
|
|
console.log('There was an error', exp);
|
|
|
|
|
}</b></pre>
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>Async with Promise: exception propagation</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
var updateUserPromise = updateUser(data).then(undefined, <b>function(exp) {
|
|
|
|
|
console.log('There was an error', exp);
|
|
|
|
|
}</b>)
|
|
|
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
</article>
|
|
|
|
|
</slide>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<slide>
|
|
|
|
|
<article class="">
|
|
|
|
|
<hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<h2>Example: rethrowing an exception</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
</hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<br><br>
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>Sync</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
|
|
|
|
|
try {
|
|
|
|
|
updateUser(data);
|
|
|
|
|
} <b>catch (exp) {
|
|
|
|
|
throw new Error('UpdateUserError: ' + exp.message)
|
|
|
|
|
}</b></pre>
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>Async with Promise: exception propagation</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
var updateUserPromise = updateUser(data).then(undefined, <b>function(exp) {
|
|
|
|
|
throw new Error('UpdateUserError: ' + exp.message)
|
|
|
|
|
}</b>)
|
|
|
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
</article>
|
|
|
|
|
</slide>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<slide>
|
|
|
|
|
<article class="">
|
|
|
|
|
<hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<h2>Example: exception propagation</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
</hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>Callbacks</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
|
|
|
|
|
getUser('spike', function(err, user){
|
|
|
|
|
<b>if(err) {
|
|
|
|
|
ui.error(err);
|
|
|
|
|
}</b> else {
|
|
|
|
|
getBestFriend(user, function(err, friend){
|
|
|
|
|
<b>if (err) {
|
|
|
|
|
ui.error(err);
|
|
|
|
|
}</b> else {
|
|
|
|
|
ui.showBestFriend(friend, function(err, friend){
|
|
|
|
|
<b>if (err) {
|
|
|
|
|
ui.error(err);
|
|
|
|
|
}</b>
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
})</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
</article>
|
|
|
|
|
</slide>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<slide>
|
|
|
|
|
<article class="">
|
|
|
|
|
<hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<h2>Example: exception propagation</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
</hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
<h3>Promises</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
|
|
|
|
|
getUser()
|
|
|
|
|
.then(getBestFriend)
|
|
|
|
|
.then(ui.showBestFriend)
|
|
|
|
|
<b>.then(undefined, ui.error)</b>
|
|
|
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
<br>
|
|
|
|
|
</article>
|
|
|
|
|
</slide>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<slide>
|
|
|
|
|
<hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<h2>Promises in <span class="red3">Angular</span></h2>
|
|
|
|
|
</hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<article class="">
|
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Provided by <b class="blue">$q</b> service</li>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Inspired by the the promise/deferred <code><a href="https://github.com/kriskowal/q">Q library</a></code></li>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Is a lightweight implementation of Promises (Q is much more complete)</li>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Promises are used everywhere Angular needs async</li>
|
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>$http</li>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>$resource</li>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>$routeProvider</li>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Controller properties</li>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Response Interceptors</li>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>...</li>
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Optimized for the Angular <b class="blue2">run loop</b></li>
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
|
</article>
|
|
|
|
|
</slide>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<slide>
|
|
|
|
|
<hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<h2>Angular Run Loop</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
<br><br>
|
|
|
|
|
<article class="centered">
|
|
|
|
|
<img src="images/runloop.png" alt="" style="height: 455px">
|
|
|
|
|
</article>
|
|
|
|
|
</hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
</slide>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<slide>
|
|
|
|
|
<hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<h2>How to use Promises in Angular</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
</hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<article>
|
|
|
|
|
<pre class="prettyprint" data-lang="javascript" >
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.controller('testCtrl', function($scope, $q) { // inject the service
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
var promiseOfTask = function () {
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
var deferredTask = $q.defer(); // create a deferred object
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
var result = blockingTask(); // long running task
|
|
|
|
|
deferredTask.<b>resolve(result)</b> // resolve the future promise with the result
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
return deferredTask.promise // return the promise
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
//using the promise
|
|
|
|
|
<b>promiseOfTask().then(function(result){
|
|
|
|
|
$scope.updateSomeModel(result);
|
|
|
|
|
})</b>
|
|
|
|
|
})
|
|
|
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
</article>
|
|
|
|
|
</slide>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<slide class="segue dark nobackground">
|
|
|
|
|
<aside class="gdbar"><img src="images/angularjs.png"></aside>
|
|
|
|
|
<hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<h2 class="yellow">Demonstration</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
<h3 class="yellow">Handling failovers for api calls</h3>
|
|
|
|
|
</hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
</slide>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<slide>
|
|
|
|
|
<hgroup>
|
|
|
|
|
<h2>Slide with Bullets that Build</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
@ -388,7 +868,7 @@ function helloWorld(world) {
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<slide class="logoslide dark nobackground">
|
|
|
|
|
<article class="flexbox vcenter">
|
|
|
|
|
<span><img src="images/google_developers_logo_white.png"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
<span><img src="images/angularjs_white.png"></span>
|
|
|
|
|
</article>
|
|
|
|
|
</slide>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chakib (spike) Benziane
11 years ago
