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<title>Americans Are Paying Apple Millions to Shelter Overseas Profits</title>
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</ul>
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</section>
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</li>
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<li class="bb-that__col bb-that__col--md">
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<section class="bb-that-category">
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<h3 id="that-list--media--9" class="bb-that-category__title">Media</h3>
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<ul class="bb-that-category__content" aria-labelledby="that-list--media--9">
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/markets/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Markets" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Markets</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/technology/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Technology" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Technology</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/pursuits/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Pursuits" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Pursuits</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Politics" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Politics</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Opinion" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Opinion</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/businessweek/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Businessweek" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Businessweek</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberglive.com/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Live Conferences" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Live Conferences</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloombergradio.com/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Radio" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Radio</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/live?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Television" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Television</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/company/news-bureaus/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="News Bureaus" data-label="graphics" tabindex="0">News
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|
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Bureaus</a></li>
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|
|
</ul>
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</section>
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<section class="bb-that-category">
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<h3 id="that-list--media_services--10" class="bb-that-category__title">Media Services</h3>
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<ul class="bb-that-category__content" aria-labelledby="that-list--media_services--10">
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/distribution?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Media Distribution" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Media Distribution</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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|
|
href="https://www.bloombergmedia.com/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Advertising" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Advertising</a></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<ul class="bb-that__sitemap-sections bb-that--visible-sm">
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<li class="bb-that__col bb-that__col--sm">
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<section class="bb-that-category">
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<h3 id="that-list--company--11" class="bb-that-category__title">Company</h3>
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<ul class="bb-that-category__content" aria-labelledby="that-list--company--11">
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/company/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="About" data-label="graphics" tabindex="0">About</a>
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</li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/company/what-we-do/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Careers" data-label="graphics" tabindex="0">Careers</a>
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</li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/company/diversity-inclusion/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Diversity and Inclusion" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Diversity and Inclusion</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/company/values/tech-at-bloomberg/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Tech At Bloomberg" data-label="graphics"
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|
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tabindex="0">Tech At Bloomberg</a></li>
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|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/company/philanthropy/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Philanthropy" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Philanthropy</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/company/sustainability/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Sustainability" data-label="graphics"
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|
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tabindex="0">Sustainability</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/london/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg London" data-label="graphics"
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|
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg London</a></li>
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|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/company/beta/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Beta" data-label="graphics"
|
|
|
tabindex="0">Bloomberg Beta</a></li>
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|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/gei?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Gender-Equality Index" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Gender-Equality Index</a></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section class="bb-that-category">
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<h3 id="that-list--communications--12" class="bb-that-category__title">Communications</h3>
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<ul class="bb-that-category__content" aria-labelledby="that-list--communications--12">
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/company/announcements/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Press Announcements" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Press Announcements</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://www.bloomberg.com/company/press-contacts/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Press Contacts" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Press Contacts</a></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section class="bb-that-category">
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<h3 id="that-list--follow--13" class="bb-that-category__title">Follow</h3>
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<ul class="bb-that-category__content" aria-labelledby="that-list--follow--13">
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/Bloomberglp"
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class="bb-that-category__social-link bb-that--icon-facebook" data-element="tophat-link"
|
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|
data-description="Facebook" data-label="graphics" target="_blank" rel="noopener"
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tabindex="0">Facebook</a></li>
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|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a href="https://twitter.com/bloomberg"
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class="bb-that-category__social-link bb-that--icon-twitter" data-element="tophat-link"
|
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|
data-description="Twitter" data-label="graphics" target="_blank" rel="noopener"
|
|
|
tabindex="0">Twitter</a></li>
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|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/2494"
|
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class="bb-that-category__social-link bb-that--icon-linkedin" data-element="tophat-link"
|
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data-description="LinkedIn" data-label="graphics" target="_blank" rel="noopener"
|
|
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tabindex="0">LinkedIn</a></li>
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|
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/bloomberg/"
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class="bb-that-category__social-link bb-that--icon-instagram" data-element="tophat-link"
|
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data-description="Instagram" data-label="graphics" target="_blank" rel="noopener"
|
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tabindex="0">Instagram</a></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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</li>
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<li class="bb-that__col bb-that__col--sm">
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<section class="bb-that-category">
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<h3 id="that-list--products--14" class="bb-that-category__title">Products</h3>
|
|
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<ul class="bb-that-category__content" aria-labelledby="that-list--products--14">
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|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/professional/solution/bloomberg-terminal/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics&bbgsum=DG-WS-PROF-SOLU-TERMINAL-bbgmenu"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Terminal" data-label="graphics"
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|
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Terminal</a></li>
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|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/professional/solution/execution-order-management/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics&bbgsum=DG-WS-PROF-SOLU-EXORDMGMT-bbgmenu"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Execution and[br] Order Management"
|
|
|
data-label="graphics" tabindex="0">Execution and<br> Order Management</a></li>
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|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/professional/solution/content-and-data/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics&bbgsum=DG-WS-PROF-SOLU-DATACONT-bbgmenu"
|
|
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Content and Data" data-label="graphics"
|
|
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tabindex="0">Content and Data</a></li>
|
|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/professional/solution/financial-data-management/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics&bbgsum=DG-WS-PROF-SOLU-FINDATA-bbgmenu"
|
|
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Financial Data[br] Management" data-label="graphics"
|
|
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tabindex="0">Financial Data<br> Management</a></li>
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|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/professional/solution/integration-and-distribution/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics&bbgsum=DG-WS-PROF-SOLU-INTEGDIST-bbgmenu"
|
|
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Integration and[br] Distribution" data-label="graphics"
|
|
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tabindex="0">Integration and<br> Distribution</a></li>
|
|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/professional/solution/tradebook/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics&bbgsum=DG-WS-PROF-SOLU-TBOOK-bbgmenu"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg[br] Tradebook" data-label="graphics"
|
|
|
tabindex="0">Bloomberg<br> Tradebook</a></li>
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|
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section class="bb-that-category">
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<h3 id="that-list--industry_products--15" class="bb-that-category__title">Industry Products</h3>
|
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<ul class="bb-that-category__content" aria-labelledby="that-list--industry_products--15">
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://pro.bloomberglaw.com/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Law" data-label="graphics"
|
|
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Law</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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|
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href="https://pro.bloombergtax.com/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Tax" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Tax</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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|
|
href="https://about.bgov.com/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Government" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Government</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://pro.bloombergenvironment.com/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Environment" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Environment</a></li>
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<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
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href="https://about.bnef.com/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
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data-element="tophat-link" data-description="BloombergNEF" data-label="graphics"
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tabindex="0">BloombergNEF</a></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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</li>
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<li class="bb-that__col bb-that__col--sm">
|
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<section class="bb-that-category">
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|
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<h3 id="that-list--media--16" class="bb-that-category__title">Media</h3>
|
|
|
<ul class="bb-that-category__content" aria-labelledby="that-list--media--16">
|
|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/markets/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Markets" data-label="graphics"
|
|
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Markets</a></li>
|
|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/technology/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg[br] Technology" data-label="graphics"
|
|
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg<br> Technology</a></li>
|
|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/pursuits/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Pursuits" data-label="graphics"
|
|
|
tabindex="0">Bloomberg Pursuits</a></li>
|
|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Politics" data-label="graphics"
|
|
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Politics</a></li>
|
|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Opinion" data-label="graphics"
|
|
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tabindex="0">Bloomberg Opinion</a></li>
|
|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/businessweek/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg[br] Businessweek" data-label="graphics"
|
|
|
tabindex="0">Bloomberg<br> Businessweek</a></li>
|
|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberglive.com/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Live Conferences" data-label="graphics"
|
|
|
tabindex="0">Bloomberg Live Conferences</a></li>
|
|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloombergradio.com/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Radio" data-label="graphics"
|
|
|
tabindex="0">Bloomberg Radio</a></li>
|
|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/live?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="Bloomberg Television" data-label="graphics"
|
|
|
tabindex="0">Bloomberg Television</a></li>
|
|
|
<li class="bb-that-category__item"><a class="bb-that-category__link"
|
|
|
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/company/news-bureaus/?utm_source=bloomberg-menu&utm_medium=graphics"
|
|
|
data-element="tophat-link" data-description="News Bureaus" data-label="graphics" tabindex="0">News
|
|
|
Bureaus</a></li>
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
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</section>
|
|
|
<section class="bb-that-category">
|
|
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<h3 id="that-list--media_services--17" class="bb-that-category__title">Media Services</h3>
|
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<h1 id="hed" class="article-title copy-width">Americans Are Paying Apple Millions to Shelter Overseas Profits</h1>
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by <a class="dvz-t-hide" href="https://twitter.com/MsAndreaWong" alt="@MsAndreaWong" target="blank">Andrea
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Wong</a><span class="dvz-t-show-inline">Andrea Wong</span>
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<p>Over the years, Apple Inc. has become the poster child for U.S. multinationals accused of sheltering overseas
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profits to avoid the IRS. What’s gone largely unnoticed is that it’s been paid more than half a billion dollars
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by the U.S. government to do just that.</p>
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<p>Taking advantage of an exemption tucked into America’s Byzantine tax code, Apple stashed much of its foreign
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<div class="copyDiv" style="opacity: 1;">The interest payments flow back to Apple’s Irish accounts. The U.S.
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Treasury Department has paid Apple roughly <span class="emphRed">$600 million</span> in the form of interest.
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</div>
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</section>
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<section class="copy-block copy-width">
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<!-- This is how you would load some paragraphs from `story-copy.aml` but feel free to modify to your wishes -->
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<p>The untold story of Apple and its taxes wends its way from Cork, Ireland, to New York and then Reno, Nevada.
|
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|
But according to tax experts interviewed by Bloomberg News, the maker of iPhones is hardly unique. Many of the
|
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|
biggest U.S. multinationals have seized on the same exemption, which lets them avoid or delay repatriation taxes
|
|
|
by buying Treasuries with their overseas cash. (The top 10 alone hold over $100 billion of the bonds.) That, in
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effect, enables the companies to turn billions of dollars in potential tax liabilities into millions of dollars
|
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|
in taxpayer subsidies—all while they publicly bemoan the sky-high taxes that make it impossible for them to
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bring the money home.</p>
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<p>From the government’s standpoint, “it’s as if you are paying someone to borrow a bike that’s actually yours to
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|
begin with,” said Reuven Avi-Yonah, a professor who specializes in corporate and international taxation at the
|
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|
University of Michigan Law School. “The whole thing is full of uneasy compromises in order to dance around the
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reality that most of the money isn’t actually offshore—it’s really here.”</p>
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<p></p>
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<h3>Blurred Lines</h3>
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<p></p>
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<p>The maneuver is perfectly legal and no one is suggesting that it’s a big money maker for Apple or anyone else
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at today’s low interest rates. If the companies sold the bonds, the cash would still be considered foreign
|
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|
earnings and subject to eventual taxation. What’s more, the interest they earn from buying U.S. debt—which helps
|
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|
finance government spending—is taxable.</p>
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<p>But if nothing else, the purchases reflect how the distinction between what’s foreign and what’s not for
|
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multinationals often exists only in the world of accounting.</p>
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<p>In response to requests for comment, Apple spokesman Josh Rosenstock referred Bloomberg to the company’s annual
|
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|
financial statements filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, without elaborating further. In the most
|
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recent filing, Apple said it paid $10.4 billion in worldwide income taxes for its last fiscal year.</p>
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<p>The Internal Revenue Service declined to comment, as did the Treasury Department, which oversees the U.S.
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government tax agency.</p>
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<p></p>
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<h3>Tax Exemption</h3>
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<p></p>
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<p>The issue of what to do with U.S. companies’ overseas earnings—which has vexed lawmakers for years—has become
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more urgent with the election of Donald Trump. As a candidate, Trump promised to get companies to bring back
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some of the $2.6 trillion they hold internationally by enacting a one-time repatriation tax of 10 percent (from
|
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|
the 35 percent rate).</p>
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<p>The current exemption, spelled out in Section 956(c)(2) of the U.S. tax code, has been in place since 1962. But
|
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over the past two decades, global companies (particularly in technology and pharmaceuticals) began to use it
|
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|
aggressively as one way to reduce the tax bill on their burgeoning overseas profits. It states companies can
|
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|
repatriate income without paying a penny in taxes—as long as it is used to buy Treasuries or other U.S.
|
|
|
securities like stocks and corporate bonds.</p>
|
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|
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|
<p>If a company decides to use the money for any other purpose, like capital spending, it would still be subject
|
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|
to a 35 percent tax. And the money reverts back to accounts designated for foreign cash if the securities are
|
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|
sold. (Part of the reason companies still earmark the cash as “held overseas” for accounting purposes.)</p>
|
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<p></p>
|
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<h3>‘Honor System’</h3>
|
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|
<p></p>
|
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|
<p>“It’s an honor system, a self-assessment system,” said J. Richard Harvey, a former top tax official at the IRS
|
|
|
and Treasury Department, who now teaches law at Villanova University. “Many companies like Apple are very
|
|
|
aggressive in taking advantage of arguably, loopholes in the law.”</p>
|
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|
|
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|
<p>It’s impossible to know precisely how much taxpayer money has been paid out to companies that have parked their
|
|
|
cash in U.S. government debt, simply because the multinationals aren’t required to provide detailed breakdowns.
|
|
|
However, based on a Bloomberg review of annual financial statements filed with the SEC, conservative estimates
|
|
|
suggest the 10 U.S. companies with the most reported cash abroad have received at least $1.4 billion in interest
|
|
|
payments over the past five years.</p>
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</section>
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<section class="copy-block copy-width">
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<div class="chartHed">Taypayer Contributions</div>
|
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<div class="chartDek">Treasury has paid at least $1.4 billion in interest to big multinationals since 2012</div>
|
|
|
<div class="desktop">
|
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|
<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?-->
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|
<!-- Generator: Adobe Illustrator 20.1.0, SVG Export Plug-In . SVG Version: 6.00 Build 0) -->
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<svg version="1.1" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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x="0px" y="0px" width="800px" height="345px" viewBox="0 0 800 345" style="enable-background:new 0 0 800 345;"
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xml:space="preserve">
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<rect x="1" y="304" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="25" height="20"></rect>
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<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 1.1231 298.8179)"
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style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Gilead</text>
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</g>
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<rect x="1" y="249" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="63" height="20"></rect>
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<g>
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|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 1.1231 244.1587)"
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|
style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Amgen</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<rect x="1" y="194" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="188" height="20"></rect>
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<g>
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|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 1.1231 188.9395)"
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|
style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Google</text>
|
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|
</g>
|
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|
<rect x="1" y="140" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="200" height="20"></rect>
|
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<g>
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|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 1.1231 134.6982)"
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|
style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Johnson & Johnson</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<rect x="1" y="85" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="532" height="20"></rect>
|
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<g>
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|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 1.1231 80.2129)"
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|
|
style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Cisco</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<rect x="1" y="31" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="732" height="20"></rect>
|
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|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 1.1231 26.1075)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Apple</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 30.9998 319.8176)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$20M</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 68.9998 265.1586)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$50M</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(0.9933 0 0 1 193.9999 210.1191)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$150M</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 205.9998 155.6987)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$160M</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 537.9998 101.3931)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$430M</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 737.6668 47.1074)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$590M</text>
|
|
|
</svg>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
<div class="mobile">
|
|
|
<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?-->
|
|
|
<!-- Generator: Adobe Illustrator 20.1.0, SVG Export Plug-In . SVG Version: 6.00 Build 0) -->
|
|
|
<svg version="1.1" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
|
|
|
x="0px" y="0px" width="345px" height="345px" viewBox="0 0 345 345" style="enable-background:new 0 0 345 345;"
|
|
|
xml:space="preserve">
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<rect y="309" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="11" height="20"></rect>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0.123 303.8179)">
|
|
|
<tspan x="0" y="0" style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Gilead
|
|
|
</tspan>
|
|
|
<tspan x="59.2" y="0" style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$20M
|
|
|
</tspan>
|
|
|
</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<rect y="254" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="25" height="20"></rect>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0.123 248.611)">
|
|
|
<tspan x="0" y="0" style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Amgen
|
|
|
</tspan>
|
|
|
<tspan x="65.4" y="0" style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$50M
|
|
|
</tspan>
|
|
|
</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<rect y="199" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="90" height="20"></rect>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0.123 193.185)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Google </text>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(0.9933 0 0 1 66.4878 193.185)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$150M</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<rect y="144" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="96" height="20"></rect>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0.123 138.5182)">
|
|
|
<tspan x="0" y="0" style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Johnson
|
|
|
& Johnson </tspan>
|
|
|
<tspan x="172.7" y="0" style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$160M
|
|
|
</tspan>
|
|
|
</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<rect y="89" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="249" height="20"></rect>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0.123 83.3655)">
|
|
|
<tspan x="0" y="0" style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Cisco
|
|
|
</tspan>
|
|
|
<tspan x="53.2" y="0" style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$430M
|
|
|
</tspan>
|
|
|
</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<rect y="34" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="345" height="20"></rect>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0.123 28.1075)">
|
|
|
<tspan x="0" y="0" style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Apple
|
|
|
</tspan>
|
|
|
<tspan x="54.5" y="0" style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$590M
|
|
|
</tspan>
|
|
|
</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
</svg>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
<div class="chartNote">Estimated figures. See methodology <a href="#methodology">below</a>.</div>
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<section class="copy-block copy-width">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- This is how you would load some paragraphs from `story-copy.aml` but feel free to modify to your wishes -->
|
|
|
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|
|
<p>Apple, which has more than doubled those holdings of Treasuries to $42 billion since 2012, received the most in
|
|
|
interest payments over that time, the data show. In the same span, the Treasury has paid Cisco Systems Inc.
|
|
|
roughly $430 million, while Alphabet Inc. (Google’s parent) has gotten about $160 million. (The tally excludes
|
|
|
Microsoft Corp., Qualcomm Inc., and Coca-Cola Co., which are in the top 10 but don’t provide a detailed
|
|
|
accounting of their investments.)</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p></p>
|
|
|
<h3>Ballooning Interest</h3>
|
|
|
<p></p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The companies in the Bloomberg review, which also include Johnson & Johnson, Amgen Inc., Gilead Science
|
|
|
Inc. and Oracle Corp., either declined to comment or didn’t respond to requests seeking comment.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>The interest payments have ballooned as they’ve amassed more and more Treasuries with their overseas profits.
|
|
|
Together, these 10 multinationals, which control almost 20 percent of all the cash held abroad by American
|
|
|
corporations, have boosted their investments in government bonds to $113 billion from $67 billion over the past
|
|
|
five years, data compiled by Bloomberg show.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Blaming U.S. companies for following the tax code, however complex or flawed, is misguided, says Richard Lane,
|
|
|
a senior analyst at Moody’s Investors Service.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>“If these companies don’t need the money in the U.S., there’s no incentive to give Uncle Sam” that money in
|
|
|
taxes, he said. “What sane chief financial officer, who’s doing their fiduciary duties to shareholders, would
|
|
|
pay money to some entity for no good reason? If there’s a moral issue, I’m not sure whether there’s immorality
|
|
|
to that.”</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<section class="copy-block copy-width">
|
|
|
<div class="chartHed">Treasured Assets</div>
|
|
|
<div class="chartDek">The top corporate holders of U.S. government bonds</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="desktop">
|
|
|
<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?-->
|
|
|
<!-- Generator: Adobe Illustrator 20.1.0, SVG Export Plug-In . SVG Version: 6.00 Build 0) -->
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<svg version="1.1" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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|
x="0px" y="0px" width="800px" height="345px" viewBox="0 0 800 345" style="enable-background:new 0 0 800 345;"
|
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|
xml:space="preserve">
|
|
|
<g>
|
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|
<rect x="1" y="303" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="77" height="20"></rect>
|
|
|
<rect x="1" y="248" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="79" height="20"></rect>
|
|
|
<rect x="1" y="193" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="261" height="20"></rect>
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|
<rect x="1" y="139" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="368" height="20"></rect>
|
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<rect x="1" y="85" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="465" height="20"></rect>
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<g>
|
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|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 82.9999 319.8176)"
|
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|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$4.3B</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 84.9999 265.1586)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$4.4B</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(0.9933 0 0 1 267 210.1191)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$14.6B</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 374.0004 155.6987)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$20.9B</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<g>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 471.0004 101.3931)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$26.5B</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
<rect x="1" y="30" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="737" height="20"></rect>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 743.0004 47.1074)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$41.7B</text>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0.9999 298.8176)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Amgen</text>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0.9999 244.1586)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Gilead</text>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0.9999 188.9399)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Johnson & Johnson</text>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0.9999 134.6987)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Google</text>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0.9999 80.2134)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Cisco</text>
|
|
|
<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 0.9999 26.1074)"
|
|
|
style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Apple</text>
|
|
|
</g>
|
|
|
</svg>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
<div class="mobile">
|
|
|
<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?-->
|
|
|
<!-- Generator: Adobe Illustrator 20.1.0, SVG Export Plug-In . SVG Version: 6.00 Build 0) -->
|
|
|
<svg version="1.1" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
|
|
|
x="0px" y="0px" width="345px" height="345px" viewBox="0 0 345 345" style="enable-background:new 0 0 345 345;"
|
|
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xml:space="preserve">
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<g>
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<rect y="312" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="36" height="20"></rect>
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<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 -3.662109e-04 306.378)">
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<tspan x="0" y="0" style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Amgen </tspan>
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<tspan x="65.4" y="0" style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$4.3B
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</tspan>
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</text>
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</g>
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<g>
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<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 -3.662109e-04 250.243)">
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<tspan x="0" y="0" style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Gilead
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</tspan>
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<tspan x="59.2" y="0" style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$4.4B
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</tspan>
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</text>
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</g>
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<g>
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<rect y="200" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="122" height="20"></rect>
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<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 -3.662109e-04 194.931)">
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<tspan x="0" y="0" style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Johnson &
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Johnson </tspan>
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<tspan x="172.7" y="0" style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$14.6B
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</tspan>
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</text>
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</g>
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<g>
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<rect y="145" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="172" height="20"></rect>
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<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 -3.662109e-04 138.6916)">
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<tspan x="0" y="0" style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Google
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</tspan>
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<tspan x="66.4" y="0" style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$20.9B
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</tspan>
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</text>
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</g>
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<g>
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<rect y="89" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="217" height="20"></rect>
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<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 -3.662109e-04 82.7693)">
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<tspan x="0" y="0" style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Cisco </tspan>
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<tspan x="53.2" y="0" style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$26.5B
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</tspan>
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</text>
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</g>
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<g>
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<rect y="33" style="fill:#1DCC92;" width="345" height="20"></rect>
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<text transform="matrix(1 0 0 1 3.662109e-04 27.1075)">
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<tspan x="0" y="0" style="fill:#262626; font-family:'BWHaasText-65Medium'; font-size:18px;">Apple </tspan>
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<tspan x="54.5" y="0" style="fill:#1DCC92; font-family:'BWHaasText-55Roman'; font-size:18px;">$41.7B
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</tspan>
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</text>
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</g>
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</svg>
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</div>
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</section>
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<section class="copy-block copy-width">
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<!-- This is how you would load some paragraphs from `story-copy.aml` but feel free to modify to your wishes -->
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<p>Nevertheless, the purchases shed light on how multinationals have blurred the definitions of onshore and
|
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|
offshore earnings.</p>
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<p>In Apple’s case, more than 90 percent of its $238 billion cash hoard is considered “overseas” in its accounting
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statements. Most of it belongs to the Cupertino, California-based company’s Ireland units. But like many
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multinationals, Apple’s cash sits in custodial accounts with U.S.-based banks such as JPMorgan Chase & Co.
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and State Street Corp., said people with direct knowledge of the matter, who asked not to be identified because
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|
they’re not authorized to speak on the issue.</p>
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<p>Apple typically directs Wall Street bond dealers and big money managers like BlackRock Inc. and Pimco to buy
|
|
|
Treasuries at debt auctions and in the secondary market on behalf of its Irish subsidiaries, all from a
|
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|
nondescript, three-story building in Reno, Nevada—a state with no corporate taxes, the people said. That’s where
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|
its internal investment firm, Braeburn Capital, is housed. Apple established the unit in 2005 to manage its cash
|
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|
and short-term investments.</p>
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<p></p>
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<h3>Tax Haven</h3>
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<p></p>
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<p>As for Ireland, Apple isn’t alone. Nine of the 10 U.S. companies with the most cash abroad have foreign
|
|
|
subsidiaries there.</p>
|
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|
<p>Over the years, lax Irish regulations have encouraged multinationals to pursue aggressive accounting practices
|
|
|
that enabled them to shift much of their profits to those subsidiaries and minimize U.S. tax liabilities,
|
|
|
according to tax experts.</p>
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|
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|
<p>In one of the more notable examples that’s drawn particular scrutiny, companies will book a disproportionate
|
|
|
amount of revenue as “offshore” by claiming the underlying technologies are owned by their Irish units—even if
|
|
|
the intellectual property originated in the U.S.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Apple went even further. According to a 2013 report by the U.S. Senate Permanent Subcommittee on
|
|
|
Investigations, it exploited gaps in U.S. and Irish laws so that it didn’t have a tax home anywhere.</p>
|
|
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|
<p>The company is already in hot water with the European Union. Regulators ordered Apple to pay $14.5 billion in
|
|
|
back taxes in August after concluding it paid an effective tax rate of 0.005 percent in 2014 because of
|
|
|
preferential Irish treatment. Last week, Apple called the EU decision “seriously flawed.”</p>
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<p></p>
|
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<h3>Fundamental Disagreement</h3>
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<p></p>
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<p>In November, Ireland filed an appeal against the ruling after repeatedly saying the country “fundamentally
|
|
|
disagrees” with the analysis.</p>
|
|
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|
<p>“They don’t want to pay taxes, but they’re using the U.S. financial system to benefit from our laws, security,
|
|
|
productivity and all the rest of it,” said Elise Bean, the former chief counsel who led the Senate probe into
|
|
|
Apple’s tax practices. “They’re using the money to buy U.S. Treasuries, which is so ironic.”</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Using Irish subsidiaries to funnel all that cash into Treasuries may help explain a bond-market curiosity
|
|
|
that’s emerged in recent years: how Ireland, a nation of less than five million, managed to amass $271 billion
|
|
|
of U.S. government bonds, based on data compiled by the Treasury, and become America’s largest foreign creditor,
|
|
|
after China and Japan.</p>
|
|
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|
<p>Whatever the case, the need to address companies’ untaxed profits may be one of the few things Republicans and
|
|
|
Democrats can agree on. During the campaign, both Trump and opponent Hillary Clinton proposed one-time tax
|
|
|
breaks on overseas earnings (a so-called repatriation tax holiday) to help fund competing infrastructure plans.
|
|
|
</p>
|
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<p></p>
|
|
|
<h3>‘Really Foolish’</h3>
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|
|
<p></p>
|
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|
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|
<p>Yet absent a wholesale tax overhaul to close the repatriation loophole, such one-offs are Band-Aids that will
|
|
|
only make things worse over time, according to H. David Rosenbloom, an attorney at Caplin & Drysdale and the
|
|
|
director of the international tax program at New York University School of Law.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>He pointed to a similar 2004 tax holiday under President George W. Bush, which ultimately led companies to
|
|
|
accumulate more profits abroad after it expired. Almost all the repatriated cash during that time was used for
|
|
|
shareholder rewards and executive bonuses—rather than investment and hiring in the U.S. that many companies
|
|
|
promised.</p>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Last time, “it just encouraged companies to send more money abroad and wait for the next amnesty,” he said. “It
|
|
|
would be really foolish to do.”</p>
|
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|
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|
|
</section>
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|
|
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|
|
<section class="footer copy-width" id="methodology">
|
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|
<br>
|
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<p class="source">With assistance from Yun Li and David Kocieniewski</p><br>
|
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<p class="source">
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Graphics by:
|
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<a class="dvz-t-hide" href="https://twitter.com/BlackiLi" alt="@BlackiLi" target="blank">Blacki
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|
Migliozzi</a><span class="dvz-t-show-inline">Blacki Migliozzi</span>
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|
|
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and
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|
<a class="dvz-t-hide" href="https://twitter.com/homiedonttweet" alt="@homiedonttweet" target="blank">Christopher
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Cannon</a><span class="dvz-t-show-inline">Christopher Cannon</span>
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</p>
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<br>
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<p class="source">Edited by: Michael Tsang</p>
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<br>
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|
<p class="source">Source: U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Bloomberg reporting</p>
|
|
|
<br>
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
<p class="source">Methodology: Based on conversations with people with direct knowledge of the matter, estimates
|
|
|
for the interest paid by the top 10 multinationals were made by taking the amount of Treasuries they held with
|
|
|
their overseas cash during each fiscal year, and then taking the average interest rate on two-year U.S. notes
|
|
|
sold at auction in each of those periods. The calculations assume the securities are held to maturity. The data
|
|
|
exclude Microsoft, Qualcomm and Coca-Cola, which are among the top 10, but don’t provide a detailed accounting
|
|
|
of their investments. Oracle, which holds $48 billion in cash abroad, has minimal investments in U.S. government
|
|
|
debt.</p>
|
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<br>
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</section>
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</div>
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