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echoping/SRC/echoping.c

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/*
* echoping : uses the TCP echo service to measure (roughly) response times.
*
* Written by Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@pasteur.fr>. A lot of code stolen
* from Richard Stevens' book "Unix network programming" and Pierre Beyssac's
* "bing" tool.
*
* $Id$
*
*/
char *progname;
unsigned short timeout_flag;
#include "echoping.h"
/*
* An option to define only if you want to drive echoping from another
* process. Useless but harmless otherwise. In practice, while OSF/1 is happy
* with it, SunOS refuses to use fflush on a NULL and Linux fails.
*/
#undef FLUSH_OUTPUT
/* Global variables for main and printstats */
int return_code = 0;
unsigned int number = 1;
struct timeval max, min, total, median, temp;
unsigned int successes, attempts = 0;
unsigned int size = DEFLINE;
unsigned int j = 0;
struct result
{
unsigned short valid;
struct timeval timevalue;
};
struct result results[MAXNUMBER];
struct timeval good_results[MAXNUMBER];
extern int tvcmp ();
int
main (argc, argv)
int argc;
char *argv[];
{
extern char *optarg;
extern int optind;
signed char ch;
int sockfd;
struct hostent *hostptr;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
struct sockaddr_in udp_cli_addr; /* client's Internet socket
* addr */
struct servent *sp;
int verbose = FALSE;
char *server_address;
u_int addr;
struct in_addr *ptr;
int n, nr;
char *sendline, recvline[MAXLINE + 1];
#ifdef ICP
char retcode[DEFLINE];
int length;
#endif
struct timeval newtv, oldtv;
void printstats ();
unsigned int wait = 1;
unsigned char fill = ' ';
unsigned short fill_requested = 0;
unsigned int i = 0;
void to_alarm (); /* our alarm() signal handler */
void interrupted ();
unsigned int timeout = 10;
unsigned short timeout_requested = 0;
unsigned short size_requested = 0;
char *url = "";
short port = 0;
char *text_port = malloc (6);
#if USE_SIGACTION
struct sigaction mysigaction;
#endif
char *port_name = ECHO_TCP_PORT;
unsigned short port_to_use = USE_ECHO;
unsigned short http = 0;
unsigned short udp = 0;
unsigned short icp = 0;
#ifdef ICP
icp_opcode opcode = ICP_OP_QUERY;
#endif
unsigned short ttcp = 0;
unsigned short tcp = 0;
unsigned short stop_at_newlines = 1;
int priority;
int priority_requested = 0;
int tos;
int tos_requested = 0;
char *arg_end;
null_timeval.tv_sec = 0;
null_timeval.tv_usec = 0;
max_timeval.tv_sec = 1000000000;
max_timeval.tv_usec = 999999;
return_code = 0;
number = 1;
total = null_timeval;
median = null_timeval;
max = null_timeval;
min = max_timeval;
for (i = 0; i <= MAXNUMBER; i++)
{
results[i].valid = 0;
}
progname = argv[0];
while ((ch = getopt (argc, argv, "vs:n:w:dch:i:rut:f:p:P:")) != EOF)
{
switch (ch)
{
case 'v':
verbose = TRUE;
break;
case 'r':
ttcp = 1;
break;
case 'u':
udp = 1;
break;
case 'd':
port_name = DISCARD_TCP_PORT;
port_to_use = USE_DISCARD;
break;
case 'c':
port_name = CHARACTER_GENERATOR_TCP_PORT;
port_to_use = USE_CHARGEN;
stop_at_newlines = 0;
break;
case 'i':
port_name = ICP_UDP_PORT;
port_to_use = USE_ICP;
udp = 1;
icp = 1;
url = optarg;
break;
case 'h':
port_name = HTTP_TCP_PORT;
port_to_use = USE_HTTP;
http = 1;
url = optarg;
break;
case 'f':
fill = *optarg;
fill_requested = 1;
break;
case 'p':
priority = (int) strtol (optarg, &arg_end, 0);
if (arg_end == optarg || arg_end == '\0')
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: socket priority (-p) should be numeric.\n",
progname);
exit (1);
}
else
{
priority_requested = 1;
}
break;
case 'P':
tos = (int) strtol (optarg, &arg_end, 0);
if (arg_end == optarg || arg_end == '\0')
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: IP type of service (-P) should be "
"numeric.\n", progname);
exit (1);
}
else
{
tos_requested = 1;
}
break;
case 's':
size = atoi (optarg);
if (size > MAXLINE)
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: packet size too large, max is %d.\n",
progname, MAXLINE);
exit (1);
}
if (size <= 0)
{
(void) fprintf (stderr, "%s: illegal packet size.\n", progname);
exit (1);
}
size_requested = 1;
break;
case 't':
timeout = atoi (optarg);
timeout_requested = 1;
if (size <= 0)
{
(void) fprintf (stderr, "%s: illegal timeout.\n", progname);
exit (1);
}
break;
case 'n':
number = atoi (optarg);
if (number > MAXNUMBER)
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: number of iterations too large, max is %d.\n",
progname, MAXNUMBER);
exit (1);
}
if (number <= 0)
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: illegal number of iterations.\n",
progname);
exit (1);
}
break;
case 'w':
wait = atoi (optarg);
if (wait <= 0)
/* atoi returns zero when there is an error. So we cannot use
'-w 0' to specify no waiting. */
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: illegal waiting time.\n", progname);
exit (1);
}
break;
default:
usage ();
}
}
if (udp && ((port_to_use == USE_CHARGEN) || (port_to_use == USE_HTTP)))
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: I don't know how to use this port with UDP.\n",
progname);
exit (1);
}
/*
Version 2.1 now allows global timeouts for TCP connections
*
if (!udp && (timeout_requested))
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: Time out ignored for TCP connections.\n", progname);
exit (1);
}
*/
if (http && (fill_requested))
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: Filling incompatible with HTTP connections.\n",
progname);
exit (1);
}
#ifndef USE_TTCP
if (ttcp)
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: not compiled with T/TCP support.\n", progname);
exit (1);
}
#endif
#ifndef HTTP
if (http)
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: Not compiled with HTTP support.\n", progname);
exit (1);
}
#endif
#ifndef ICP
if (icp)
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: Not compiled with ICP support.\n", progname);
exit (1);
}
#endif
#ifndef USE_TOS
if (priority_requested || tos_requested)
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: Not compiled with Type Of Service support.\n",
progname);
exit (1);
}
#endif
if (http && size_requested)
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: HTTP and message size specification are incompatible.\n",
progname);
exit (1);
}
if (udp && ttcp)
{
(void) fprintf (stderr,
"%s: UDP and T/TCP are incompatible.\n", progname);
exit (1);
}
if (!udp && !ttcp)
{
tcp = 1;
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (argc != 1)
{
usage ();
}
if (verbose)
{
printf ("\nThis is %s, version %s.\n\n", progname, VERSION);
}
server = argv[0];
#ifdef HTTP
if (http || icp)
{
if (icp)
{
find_server_and_port (server, &port, port_name);
if (port == 0)
port = 3130;
}
else
{
find_server_and_port (server, &port, port_name);
if (port == 0)
port = 80;
}
sprintf (text_port, "(port %d)", ntohs (port));
}
#endif
signal (SIGINT, interrupted);
if ((addr = inet_addr (server)) == INADDR_NONE)
{
if ((hostptr = gethostbyname (server)) == NULL)
{
err_quit ("gethostbyname error for host: %s %s",
server, sys_err_str ());
}
server_address = *(hostptr->h_addr_list); /* First item of the
* list */
/*
* addr = (u_long) *server_address;
*/
/* ptr.s_addr = addr; */
ptr = (struct in_addr *) server_address; /* hostptr->h_addr_list
* points actually to
* u_longs, not strings */
addr = ptr->s_addr;
}
else
{
ptr = (struct in_addr *) malloc (sizeof (struct in_addr));
ptr->s_addr = addr;
}
if (!http && !icp) /* Already find */
{
if (!udp)
{
if ((sp = getservbyname (port_name, "tcp")) == NULL)
{
err_quit ("tcp_open: unknown service: %s/tcp", port_name);
}
}
else
{
if ((sp = getservbyname (port_name, "udp")) == NULL)
{
err_quit ("tcp_open: unknown service: %s/udp", port_name);
}
}
}
/*
* Fill in the structure "serv_addr" with the address of the server
* that we want to connect with.
*/
bzero ((char *) &serv_addr, sizeof (serv_addr));
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = addr;
if (!http && !icp)
{
serv_addr.sin_port = sp->s_port;
}
else
{
serv_addr.sin_port = port;
}
#ifdef HTTP
if (http)
{
sendline = make_http_sendline (url, server, (int) ntohs (port));
}
else
#endif
#ifdef ICP
if (icp)
{
sendline = make_icp_sendline (url, &addr, opcode, &length);
}
else
#endif
if (!fill_requested)
{
sendline = random_string (size);
}
else
{
sendline = (char *) malloc (size);
for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
sendline[i] = fill;
}
n = strlen (sendline) + 1;
for (i = 1; i <= number; i++)
{
attempts++;
if (!udp)
{
/*
* Open a TCP socket (an Internet stream socket).
*/
if ((sockfd = socket (AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
err_sys ("Can't open stream socket");
}
else
{
if ((sockfd = socket (AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
err_sys ("Can't open datagram socket");
/* Bind socket for reply. Not necessary? */
bzero ((char *) &udp_cli_addr, sizeof (udp_cli_addr));
udp_cli_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
udp_cli_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl (INADDR_ANY);
udp_cli_addr.sin_port = htons (0);
if (bind (sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &udp_cli_addr,
sizeof (udp_cli_addr)) < 0)
{
err_sys ("bind error");
}
}
#ifdef USE_TOS
if (priority_requested)
{
if (verbose)
{
printf ("Setting socket priority to %d (0x%02x)\n",
priority, (unsigned int) priority);
}
if (setsockopt (sockfd,
SOL_SOCKET,
SO_PRIORITY,
(void *) &priority, (socklen_t) sizeof (priority)))
{
err_sys ("Failed setting socket priority");
}
}
if (tos_requested)
{
if (verbose)
{
printf ("Setting IP type of service octet to %d (0x%02x)\n",
tos, (unsigned int) tos);
}
if (setsockopt (sockfd,
SOL_IP,
IP_TOS, (void *) &tos, (socklen_t) sizeof (tos)))
{
err_sys ("Failed setting IP type of service octet");
}
}
#endif
if (verbose)
{
if (tcp)
{
printf
("Trying to connect to internet address %s %s to transmit %u bytes...\n",
inet_ntoa (*ptr), (port == 0 ? "" : text_port), n);
}
#ifdef ICP
if (icp)
{
printf
("Trying to send an ICP packet of %u bytes to the internet address %s...\n",
length, inet_ntoa (*ptr));
}
#endif
else
{
printf ("Trying to send %u bytes to internet address %s...\n",
size, inet_ntoa (*ptr));
}
#ifdef FLUSH_OUTPUT
if (fflush ((FILE *) NULL) != 0)
{
err_sys ("I cannot flush");
}
#endif
}
if (tcp && timeout_requested) /* echoping's timeout has a different semantic in TCP and UDP */
{
#ifdef USE_SIGACTION
mysigaction.sa_handler = to_alarm;
sigemptyset (&mysigaction.sa_mask);
/* Default behavior doesn't seem portable? */
#ifdef SA_INTERRUPT
mysigaction.sa_flags = SA_INTERRUPT;
#else
mysigaction.sa_flags = (int) 0;
#endif
if ((sigaction (SIGALRM, &mysigaction, NULL)) < 0)
err_sys ("Cannot set signal handler");
#else
signal (SIGALRM, to_alarm);
#endif
timeout_flag = 0; /* for signal handler */
alarm (timeout);
}
(void) gettimeofday (&oldtv, (struct timezone *) NULL);
if (!ttcp && !icp)
{
/*
* Connect to the server.
*/
if (connect (sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &serv_addr,
sizeof (serv_addr)) < 0)
{
if ((errno == EINTR) && (timeout_flag))
{
printf ("Timeout while connecting\n");
continue;
#ifdef FLUSH_OUTPUT
if (fflush ((FILE *) NULL) != 0)
{
err_sys ("I cannot flush");
}
#endif
}
else
err_sys ("Can't connect to server");
}
if (verbose && tcp)
{
printf ("Connected...\n");
#ifdef FLUSH_OUTPUT
if (fflush ((FILE *) NULL) != 0)
{
err_sys ("I cannot flush");
}
#endif
}
}
/* Not T/TCP */
else
{
/* No initial connection */
}
if ((port_to_use == USE_ECHO) || (port_to_use == USE_DISCARD) ||
(port_to_use == USE_HTTP) || (port_to_use == USE_ICP))
{
#ifdef USE_TTCP
if (ttcp)
{
if (sendto (sockfd, sendline, n, MSG_EOF,
(struct sockaddr *) &serv_addr,
sizeof (serv_addr)) != n)
err_sys ("sendto error on socket");
if (verbose)
{
printf ("T/TCP connection done\n");
}
}
else
#endif
if (!udp)
{
/* Write something to the server */
if (writen (sockfd, sendline, n) != n)
{
if ((nr < 0 || nr != n) && timeout_flag)
{
nr = n;
printf ("Timeout while writing\n");
continue;
}
else
err_sys ("writen error on socket");
}
}
else
{
#ifdef ICP
if (icp)
{
if (sendto (sockfd, sendline, length, 0,
&serv_addr, sizeof (serv_addr)) != length)
err_sys ("sendto error on socket");
}
else
#endif
/*
* if (sendto(sockfd, sendline, n, 0,
* &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) != n)
* err_sys("sendto error on socket");
*/
if (send (sockfd, sendline, n, 0) != n)
err_sys ("send error on socket");
}
if (verbose)
{
#ifdef ICP
if (icp)
printf ("Sent (%d bytes)...\n", length);
else
#endif
printf ("Sent (%d bytes)...\n", n);
#ifdef FLUSH_OUTPUT
if (fflush ((FILE *) NULL) != 0)
{
err_sys ("I cannot flush");
}
#endif
}
}
if ((port_to_use == USE_ECHO) || (port_to_use == USE_CHARGEN) ||
(port_to_use == USE_HTTP) || (port_to_use == USE_ICP))
{
if (!udp)
{
if (!http)
{
/* Read from the server */
nr = readline (sockfd, recvline, n, stop_at_newlines);
}
#ifdef HTTP
else
{
nr = read_from_server (sockfd);
}
#endif
}
else
{
#ifdef USE_SIGACTION
mysigaction.sa_handler = to_alarm;
sigemptyset (&mysigaction.sa_mask);
#ifdef SA_INTERRUPT
mysigaction.sa_flags = SA_INTERRUPT;
#else
mysigaction.sa_flags = (int) 0;
#endif
if ((sigaction (SIGALRM, &mysigaction, NULL)) < 0)
err_sys ("Cannot set signal handler");
#else
signal (SIGALRM, to_alarm);
#endif
timeout_flag = 0; /* for signal handler */
alarm (timeout);
#ifdef ICP
if (icp)
{
nr = recv_icp (sockfd, recvline, retcode);
if (verbose)
{
printf ("%s\n", retcode);
}
}
else
{
#endif
nr = recv (sockfd, recvline, n, 0);
/*
* nr = recvfrom(sockfd, recvline, n, 0,
* (struct sockaddr *) 0, (int *) 0);
* recvfrom fails on SunOS on connected
* sockets.
*/
/*
* BUG: in UDP, we should loop to read: we
* can have several reads necessary.
*/
alarm (0);
if ((nr < 0) && (errno == EINTR) && (timeout_flag))
{
nr = n;
printf ("Timeout\n");
#ifdef FLUSH_OUTPUT
if (fflush ((FILE *) NULL) != 0)
{
err_sys ("I cannot flush");
}
#endif
}
#ifdef ICP
}
#endif
}
if (!http && !icp)
{
if ((nr < 0 || nr != n) && timeout_flag)
/* if ((nr < 0 || nr != n) && (errno == EINTR) && timeout_flag) */
{
printf ("Timeout while reading (%d byte(s) read)\n",
(nr == -1) ? 0 : nr);
nr = n;
#ifdef FLUSH_OUTPUT
if (fflush ((FILE *) NULL) != 0)
{
err_sys ("I cannot flush");
}
#endif
continue;
}
if (nr < 0 || nr != n)
err_sys ("readline error: %d bytes read, %d bytes requested",
nr, n);
}
else
/* This is HTTP */
{
if ((nr < 0) && (errno == EINTR) && (timeout_flag))
{
printf ("Timeout while reading (%d byte(s) read)\n",
(nr == -1) ? 0 : nr);
#ifdef FLUSH_OUTPUT
if (fflush ((FILE *) NULL) != 0)
{
err_sys ("I cannot flush");
}
#endif
continue;
}
}
if (verbose)
printf ("%d bytes read from server.\n", nr);
}
/* That's all, folks */
close (sockfd);
(void) gettimeofday (&newtv, (struct timezone *) NULL);
if (tcp)
alarm (0);
temp = newtv;
tvsub (&temp, &oldtv);
if (!timeout_flag)
{
tvadd (&total, &temp);
/* Check */
if (port_to_use == USE_ECHO)
{
if (strcmp (sendline, recvline) != 0)
{
printf (" I wrote:\n%s\n", sendline);
printf (" and I got back:\n%s\n", recvline);
err_quit ("Strange server");
}
if (verbose)
{
printf ("Checked\n");
#ifdef FLUSH_OUTPUT
if (fflush ((FILE *) NULL) != 0)
{
err_sys ("I cannot flush");
}
#endif
}
}
if (port_to_use == USE_CHARGEN)
{
sendline = CHARGENERATED;
recvline[strlen (sendline)] = 0;
if (strcmp (sendline, recvline) != 0)
{
/* BUG: it does not work if the size is lower than the
length of CHARGENERATED */
printf (" I got back:\n%s\n", recvline);
printf (" instead of the most common:\n%s\n", sendline);
err_ret ("Strange server");
}
if (verbose)
{
printf ("Checked\n");
}
}
tvsub (&newtv, &oldtv);
tvmin (&min, &newtv);
tvmax (&max, &newtv);
printf ("Elapsed time: %d.%06d seconds\n",
(int) newtv.tv_sec, (int) newtv.tv_usec);
#ifdef FLUSH_OUTPUT
if (fflush ((FILE *) NULL) != 0)
{
err_sys ("I cannot flush");
}
#endif
results[i - 1].valid = 1;
results[i - 1].timevalue = newtv;
successes++;
}
if (number > 1)
{
sleep (wait);
}
}
printstats ();
if (successes >= 1)
exit (0);
else
exit (1);
}
void
printstats ()
{
int i;
/* if ((number > 1) && ((!udp) || (successes > 0))) { */
if (successes > 1)
{
printf ("---\n");
if (successes < attempts)
printf ("Warning: %d message(s) lost (%d %%)\n", attempts - successes,
((attempts - successes) * 100) / attempts);
printf ("Minimum time: %d.%06d seconds (%.0f bytes per sec.)\n",
(int) min.tv_sec, (int) min.tv_usec,
(double) size / tv2double (min));
printf ("Maximum time: %d.%06d seconds (%.0f bytes per sec.)\n",
(int) max.tv_sec, (int) max.tv_usec,
(double) size / tv2double (max));
tvavg (&total, successes);
printf ("Average time: %d.%06d seconds (%.0f bytes per sec.)\n",
(int) total.tv_sec, (int) total.tv_usec,
(double) size / tv2double (total));
/* The number of bytes/second, as printed above, is not really
meaningful: size does not reflect the number of bytes exchanged.
With echo, N = 2*size, with discard, N = size, with http, N = size + (response)... */
for (i = 0; i < number; i++)
{
if (results[i].valid)
good_results[j++] = results[i].timevalue;
}
if (successes != j) /* Bug! */
err_quit ("successes (%d) is different from j (%d)", successes, j);
qsort (good_results, successes, sizeof (struct timeval), tvcmp);
/*
* for (i = 1; i <= number; i++) { printf("---\nTime %d th:
* %d.%06d seconds\n", i, results[i-1].tv_sec,
* results[i-1].tv_usec); }
*/
if ((successes % 2) == 1)
{
/*
* printf("Searching good_results[%d]\n", (successes
* + 1) / 2 - 1);
*/
median = good_results[((successes + 1) / 2 - 1)];
}
else
{
/*
* printf("Searching good_results[%d] and [%d]\n",
* (successes / 2) - 1, successes / 2);
*/
tvadd (&median, &good_results[(successes / 2) - 1]);
tvadd (&median, &good_results[successes / 2]);
tvavg (&median, 2);
}
printf ("Median time: %d.%06d seconds (%.0f bytes per sec.)\n",
(int) median.tv_sec, (int) median.tv_usec,
(double) size / tv2double (median));
}
}
/*
* Signal handler for timeouts (SIGALRM). This function is called when the
* alarm() value that was set counts down to zero. This indicates that we
* haven't received a response from the server to the last datagram we sent.
* All we do is set a flag and return from the signal handler. The occurrence
* of the signal interrupts the recvfrom() system call (errno = EINTR) above,
* and we then check the timeout_flag flag.
*/
void
to_alarm ()
{
timeout_flag = 1; /* set flag for function above */
}
void
interrupted ()
{
printf ("Interrupted by user\n");
printstats ();
exit (1);
}
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